1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 50 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from
2、scholars and the media. Current interest in【C1】_between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】_listening to music. The other is on a seperate【C3】_of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】_benefits that extend to
3、non-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】_could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】_their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】_ musical passages, learning about a v
4、ariety of musical structures, and 【C9】_mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】_the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】_of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】_and sensitive to e
5、nvironmental influence. Previous findings are【C13】_with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】_ , correlational and experimental studies 【C15】_that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memo
6、ry, reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】_, the simplest explanation of these【C17】_relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】_high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To con
7、clude that music lessons have a casual relation with IQ that is【C19】_to music, one must rule【C20】_potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.
8、intergrationB.conversionC.conjunctionsD.associations(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.plainB.generalC.completeD.simple(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.routeB.lineC.ringD.phase(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.incidentalB.occationalC.provenD.limited(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.jointB.bondC.twistD.transfer(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.wheneverB.becauseC.whereasD.be
9、fore(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.compriseB.containC.entailD.enclose(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.excessiveB.exclusiveC.expandedD.extended(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.consecutiveB.progressiveC.intensiveD.successive(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.directingB.conductingC.commandingD.governing(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.acquisitionB.repetitionC.introdu
10、ctionD.combination(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.plasticB.dependentC.complexD.touchy(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.coherentB.compliantC.consistentD.compatible(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.IndeedC.NotwithstandingD.Besides(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.inspectB.supposeC.revealD.discover(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.NonethelessC
11、.MeanwhileD.Instead(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.diffuseB.fragmentaryC.universalD.comprehensive(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.aboveD.with(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.specificB.closeC.intrinsicD.prone(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.outC.onD.overOne reason human beings can thrive in all kinds of climates is that they can
12、control the qualities of the air in the enclosed spaces in which they live. Air conditioning is the use of mechanical systems to【C1】_that control in such places【C2】_homes, offices, theaters, institutions, factories, airplanes, and automobiles. The most familiar type of air conditioning is summertime
13、 cooling. Although important, this is【C3】_one of several aspects of air conditioning. Other applications【C4】_the control of the humidity (or air moisture), cleanliness, circulation of the air, and heating. Tests have【C5】_that people generally feel best【C6】_certain temperature, humidity, and air velo
14、city conditions. Temperatures can【C7】_from 21.5C with 70 percent relative humidity to 28 C with 30 percent relative humidity. Relative humidity is the【C8】_of moisture in the air【C9】_a specific temperature compared 【C10】_the amount it could hold at that temperature.【C11】_air velocities range from 4.5
15、 to 10.5 meters per minute. It is also desirable that an air conditioner【C12】_dust, pollen, smoke, and odors from the air. In many industrial environments, air conditioning is essential. Most print shops, for example,【C13】_constant humidity in order to control paper shrinkage and【C14】_the【C15】_opera
16、tion in some processes. Libraries, especially ones with rare books, require air control to【C16】_the physical quality of their collections. Bakeries and the tobacco and cotton industries require high humidity【C17】_their products, and perishables such as fruits must be stored in cool, dry rooms. Some
17、electronic components, drugs, and chemicals must be manufactured【C18】_the air is as free as possible【C19】_dust and other particles. Air conditioning is【C20】_in hospitals, especially in operating rooms.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.achieveB.availC.amount toD.assign(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.likeB.asC.forD.to(
18、3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.butB.likeC.as toD.mere(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.includeB.concludeC.consistD.compromise(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.determinedB.causedC.maintainedD.achieved(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.atB.aroundC.withinD.under(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.alterB.rangeC.differD.move(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.qualityB.sumC.amountD.number(9).【C9】
19、（分数：2.00）A.underB.inside G onC.at(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.toB.withC.againstD.at(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.AgreeableB.AppreciableC.AmenableD.Available(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.removeB.to removeC.removesD.removing(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.askB.demandC.requestD.require(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ensuresB.ensureC.ensuringD.to ens
20、ure(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.uniqueB.uniformC.universalD.united(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.preserveB.conserveC.reserveD.retain(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.aboutB.asC.forD.to(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.whatB.whereC.thatD.which(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.ofB.againstC.atD.without(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.virtualB.viableC.vibrantD.vital考研英语（
21、完形填空）-试卷 50 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The idea that music makes you smarter has received considerable attention from sch
22、olars and the media. Current interest in【C1】_between music and intelligence stems from two independent areas of research. One focuses on short-term effects of【C2】_listening to music. The other is on a seperate【C3】_of research, which examines whether music lessons have【C4】_benefits that extend to non
23、-musical areas of cognition. Such【C5】_could be unique to children who take music lessons for long periods of time【C6】_their experiences differ substantially from those of other children. Music lessons【C7】_long periods of focused attention, memorization of【C8】_ musical passages, learning about a vari
24、ety of musical structures, and 【C9】_mastery of technical skills and the conventions【C10】_the expression of emotions in performance. This【C11】_of experiences could have a positive impact on cognition, particularly during the childhood years, when brain development is highly【C12】_and sensitive to envi
25、ronmental influence. Previous findings are【C13】_with the hypothesis that music lessons promote intellectual development. For example, natural musical gifts is associated with literacy.【C14】_ , correlational and experimental studies 【C15】_that music lessons have positive relations with verbal memory,
26、 reading ability, selective attention, and mathematics achievement.【C16】_, the simplest explanation of these【C17】_relations is that they come from a common component, such as general intelligence. Put simply, children【C18】_high IQs are more likely than other children to take music lessons. To conclu
27、de that music lessons have a casual relation with IQ that is【C19】_to music, one must rule【C20】_potentially confusing factors such as socioeconomic status, and education, and demonstrate that non-musical, extracurricular activities do not have comparable effects on IQ.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.int
28、ergrationB.conversionC.conjunctionsD.associations 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：现在人们对音乐和智力之间_的兴趣来自两个研究领域。本段首句指出：音乐可以使人变得更聪明这一观点受到了学者的关注。由此推知，空格处谈论的应该是音乐与智力之间的关系。Dassociations“联系，关系”符合文意，为正确答案。intergration“结合，综合”；conversion“转化，转换”；conjunction“连词，联合，同时发生”，均不符合文意。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.plainB.generalC.completeD.si
29、mple 解析：解析：考查上下文语义。空格处所在句子和下一句分别介绍了两类研究：一类研究侧重于_听音乐产生的短期效果：另一类侧重于音乐课程对人们在非音乐领域认知的影响。由此推知，空格处强调的是“听音乐”本身带来的影响。Dsimple“纯粹的，完全的”，代入文中，表示“纯粹听音乐带来的短期作用”，符合语境，为最佳答案。plain“平凡的，平庸的”；general“普遍的，一般的”；complete“完全的，彻底的”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.routeB.line C.ringD.phase解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处意在表达“侧重于不同的研究_”，line 意为“
30、线路，领域，边界”，代入文中，表示“不同的研究领域”，符合文意。route 意为“途径，渠道”，一般与介词 to搭配；ring 意为“指环，环形物”，不符合句意；phase 意为“阶段”，一般用来指同一事物的不同阶段，而文中的两个研究是相对独立的，故排除。故正确答案为 Bline。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.incidental B.occationalC.provenD.limited解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：另一个则侧重于不同的研究领域，研究音乐课程能否使人们在非音乐领域的认知也获得_益处。incidential 可以表示“附带发生的”，代入文中表示“附带的益
31、处”，符合文意。limited“有限的”；proven“被证实的”；occasional“偶尔的，临时的”，三项均无法从文中推知。因此最佳选项为 Aincidential。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.jointB.bondC.twistD.transfer 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空格处所在句意为：这种一是长期学习音乐课程的孩子所独有的。根据文意可知，此处指的是上句“音乐课程对非音乐领域认知带来附带的益处”，Dtransfer 意为“变换，转移”，代入文中，表示“从音乐领域到非音乐领域的转移”，符合文意。joint“结合处，汇合处”；bond“联系，纽带”；twist“旋转，扭动”
32、，均不符合题意。故正确答案为 Dtransfer。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.wheneverB.because C.whereasD.before解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前阐述了：这种转移是长期学习音乐课程的孩子所独有的。空格后介绍了：他们的经历与其他孩子大不相同。根据语境可知，前后为因果关系。因此 Bbecause 符合文意，为最佳选项。whenever“每当”，表时间；whereas“然而”，表对比；before“在之前”，表时间，均不符合题意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.compriseB.containC.entail D.enclose解析：解析：考查动词
33、辨析。空格处所在句意为：音乐学习_长时间注意力集中。Centail 意为“使成为必须”，符合文意，为正确答案。comprise“包括，包含”；contain“包含，容纳”；enclose“围住，随函附上”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.excessiveB.exclusiveC.expandedD.extended 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：音乐学习要求长时间的注意力集中，记忆_的乐段。Dextended 意为“延长的；扩展的”，代入句中，表示“乐段长度的延长”，符合句意。excessive“过分的，过度的”；exclusive“独占的，专用的”；ex
34、panded“(数量、尺寸等)扩大的”，均不符合题意。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.consecutiveB.progressive C.intensiveD.successive解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：音乐课程要求对技术性技能和情感表现的方法有掌握。Bprogressive 意为“逐步的，稳步的”，代入文中，表示“循序渐进地掌握音乐技能”，符合文意。consecutive“连续不断的”；intensive“密集的”；successive“连续的，接连的”，均不如progressive 贴切。因此答案为 B。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.directi
35、ngB.conductingC.commandingD.governing 解析：解析：考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为：循序渐进地掌握专业技能与_音乐表演中情感表现的传统手法。空格处填入现在分词，与后面部分一起做后置定语。govern 意为“控制，支配，影响”，符合文意。direct“指导，监督，管理”；conduct“组织，执行”；command“指挥，控制，命令”，这三项的主语一般为人或者以人为主体的事物，不与 conventions 搭配，故排除。因此答案为Dgoverning。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.acquisitionB.repetitionC.introduct
36、ionD.combination 解析：解析：考查上下文语义。根据语境可知，空格所在部分指代上文提到的音乐学习经历。Dcombination“结合体，联合体”，代入文中，表示“以上经历的组合”，符合文意，为正确答案。acquisition“习得，获得”与 repetition“重复，反复”可与 of experiences 搭配，但无指代内容；introduction“引进”，不符合文意，三项均可排除。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.plastic B.dependentC.complexD.touchy解析：解析：考查上下文语义。空格处所在句意为：儿童时期的大脑发展非常 而且对环境
37、影响很敏感。此处是用来解释“这些经历对孩童时期的认知有积极的影响”。Aplastic 可以表示“可塑的”，代入文中，表示“儿童的大脑发展具有可塑性”，符合文意。dependent“依赖的”；complex“复杂的”；touchy“过于敏感的，棘手的”，均不符合文意。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.coherentB.compliantC.consistent D.compatible解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为：之前的发现与音乐学习促进智力发展这一假设_。Cconsistent 与 with 搭配，表示“与一致”，符合文意，为正确答案。coherent“条理分明的，清
38、楚明白的”，修饰事物时多用作定语；compliant“遵从的，符合的”，强调符合规则；compatible 与 with 搭配，意为“兼容的，可共存的”，三项均不符合题意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ThereforeB.Indeed C.NotwithstandingD.Besides解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前指出：音乐天赋与读写能力相关。空格后阐述：相关的研究证明音乐课程与词汇、阅读能力等因素有着正向的联系。由此可以推知，后文是对前文的肯定与强调。BIndeed表示肯定与强调，符合文意，为正确答案。Therefore 意为“因此”，表因果；Notwithstanding
39、“尽管如此”，表让步；Besides“除此之外”，表递进，三项均不符合文意。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.inspectB.supposeC.reveal D.discover解析：解析：考查动词辨析。分析句子结构可知，空格处填入谓语动词，后面接 that 引导的宾语从句。Creveal 意为“揭示，透露”，代入文中，表示“一些研究揭示音乐与词汇记忆、阅读等能力有关联”，符合文意。inspect“检查，审视”，主语常为人且后面不接 that 从句作宾语；suppose“假设，推断”与 discover“查明，认识到”主语一般为人。因此正确答案为 Creveal。(16).【C16】
40、（分数：2.00）A.MoreoverB.Nonetheless C.MeanwhileD.Instead解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。空格前指出：音乐课程与词汇记忆、阅读能力、选择性注意力等各种能力有着正向关联。空格所在句子指出：对这些关联的最简单的解释是以上那些能力来自于一个共同的部分，比如称作一般智力。前面强调多种具体的能力，后面统一归为一种解释。由此可以推知，两句话之间有轻微转折，因此答案为 BNonetheless“然而，不过”。其他三项均不符合题意。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.diffuse B.fragmentaryC.universalD.comprehensive解
41、析：解析：考查上下文语义。空格处填入的形容词修饰 relations，指上句提到的音乐学习与词汇记忆、阅读能力等的联系。因此所填入形容词要既能概况出上文这些联系的一种特点，又能与下文的“common”形成语义上的对应。Adiffuse 意为“分散的，不集中的”，代入文中，表示“对这些分散的联系最简单的解释是它们有共同的来源”，符合文意。fragmentary“不完整的，残缺的”；universal“普遍的，通用的”；comprehensive“全面的，综合性的”，均不符合文意。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.atB.inC.aboveD.with 解析：解析：考查介词搭配。with
42、可以表示“有，具有”，代入文中，表示“智商高的儿童”，符合文意，因此正确答案为 Dwith。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.specific B.closeC.intrinsicD.prone解析：解析：考查上下文语义。空格处所在部分为 that 引导的定语从句，修饰先行词 IQ。specific to表示“仅限于，只对有影响的”，代入文中，表示“仅对音乐有影响的智力”，符合文意。其他三项均不符合。故正确答案为 ASpecific。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.againstB.out C.onD.over解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。空格处所在句意为：要想得出音乐学习与
43、仅对音乐有影响的智力之间有因果关系这个结论，我们必须_社会经济地位和教育程度这些混杂因素。rule out 意为“排除，拒绝考虑”，符合文意。rule against“裁定对不利”；rule on“裁定，判定”；rule over“统治”，三项均符合文意。因此正确答案为 Bout。One reason human beings can thrive in all kinds of climates is that they can control the qualities of the air in the enclosed spaces in which they live. Air co
44、nditioning is the use of mechanical systems to【C1】_that control in such places【C2】_homes, offices, theaters, institutions, factories, airplanes, and automobiles. The most familiar type of air conditioning is summertime cooling. Although important, this is【C3】_one of several aspects of air conditioni
45、ng. Other applications【C4】_the control of the humidity (or air moisture), cleanliness, circulation of the air, and heating. Tests have【C5】_that people generally feel best【C6】_certain temperature, humidity, and air velocity conditions. Temperatures can【C7】_from 21.5C with 70 percent relative humidity
46、 to 28 C with 30 percent relative humidity. Relative humidity is the【C8】_of moisture in the air【C9】_a specific temperature compared 【C10】_the amount it could hold at that temperature.【C11】_air velocities range from 4.5 to 10.5 meters per minute. It is also desirable that an air conditioner【C12】_dust
47、, pollen, smoke, and odors from the air. In many industrial environments, air conditioning is essential. Most print shops, for example,【C13】_constant humidity in order to control paper shrinkage and【C14】_the【C15】_operation in some processes. Libraries, especially ones with rare books, require air control to【C16】_the physical quality of their collections. Bakeries and the tobacco and cotton industries require high humidity【C17】_their products, and perishables such as fruits must be stored in cool, dry rooms. Some electronic compone
