1、考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 111 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Over half the world“s people now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on
2、Human Settlements“ says a significant change took place last year. The report【C1】_this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency. A century ago, 【C2】_than five percent of all people lived in cities. 【C3】_ the middle of this century it could be seventy percent, or【C4】_six and a half billion peo
3、ple. Already three-fourths of people in【C5】_countries live in cities. Now most urban population 【C6】_is in the developing world. Urbanization can【C7】_to social and economic progress, but also put【C8】_on cities to provide housing and 【C9】_. The new report says almost two hundred thousand people move【
4、C10】_cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities,【C11】_by social divisions and differences in【C12】_ , could result in violence and crime【C13】_ cities plan better. Another issue is urban sprawl. This is where cities【C14】_quickly into rural areas, sometimes【C15】_a much faster rate than u
5、rban population growth. Sprawl is【C16】_ in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the【C17】_cities to smaller ones. He sees a 【C18】_toward “de-urbanization“ across the nation.【C19】_urban economies still p
6、rovide many【C20】_ that rural areas do not.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.came onB.came offC.came overD.came out(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.moreB.otherC.lessD.rather(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.ByB.ThroughC.AlongD.To(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.reallyB.barelyC.everD.almost(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.flourishingB.developedC.thrivingD.fertil
7、e(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.extensionB.additionC.raiseD.growth(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.keepB.turnC.leadD.refer(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pressureB.loadC.restraintD.weight(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.surroundingsB.communitiesC.concernsD.services(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.ontoB.intoC.aroundD.upon(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.pulledB.drivenC.drawnD
8、.pressed(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.situationsB.wealthC.treasureD.category(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.ifC.unlessD.whereas(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.expandB.splitC.invadeD.enlarge(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.inB.beyondC.withD.at(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.commonB.conventionalC.ordinaryD.frequent(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.essentialB.pr
9、iorC.primitiveD.major(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.trendB.styleC.directionD.path(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.ThenB.ButC.ForD.While(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.abilitiesB.qualitiesC.possibilitiesD.realitiesHistorically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. 【C1】_ that logic, 2006 sh
10、ould have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still【C2】_ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. history, on 【C3】_TV. Anyone who didn “t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are ma
11、de【C4】_ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our 【C5】_to work together before everything goes to hell. Granted, some amount of delusion is probably part of the 【C6】_ condition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work 【C7】_, in
12、the same spotuntil they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a 【C8】_of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly bad at 【C9】_ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we【C10】_ did about the dangers we face. But it turns
13、【C11】_that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is 【C12】_ the storm, the quake or the【C13】_itself. More often, it is ourselves. So what has happened in the year that【C14】_ the disaster on the Gulf Coast. In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the floodwalls
14、. They have got the walls to【C15】_ they were before Katrina, more or less. That“s not 【C16】_, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all【C17】_can be expected from one year of hustle. Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to【C18】_ the sick and the disable
15、d. The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a【C19】_ out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The【C20】_with neighboring communities are ongoing and difficult.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.ToB.ByC.OnD.For(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.freshB.obviousC.apparentD.
16、evident(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.visualB.vividC.liveD.lively(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.lessC.moreD.much(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.reluctanceB.rejectionC.denialD.decline(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.naturalB.worldC.socialD.human(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.revisingB.refiningC.rebuildingD.retrieving(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.reviewB.reminderC.c
17、onceptD.prospect(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.preparingB.protestingC.protectingD.prevailing(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.neverB.everC.thenD.before(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.upB.downC.overD.out(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.merelyB.rarelyC.incidentallyD.accidentally(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.surgeB.spurC.surfD.splash(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.ensu
18、edB.tracedC.followedD.occurred(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.whichB.whereC.whatD.when(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.enoughB.certainC.conclusiveD.final(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.butB.asC.thatD.those(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.exileB.evacuateC.dismissD.displace(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.rideB.trailC.pathD.track(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.conventi
19、onsB.notificationsC.communicationsD.negotiations考研英语（完形填空）-试卷 111 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：Over half the world“s people
20、 now live in cities. The latest “Global Report on Human Settlements“ says a significant change took place last year. The report【C1】_this week from U.N. Habitat, a United Nations agency. A century ago, 【C2】_than five percent of all people lived in cities. 【C3】_ the middle of this century it could be
21、seventy percent, or【C4】_six and a half billion people. Already three-fourths of people in【C5】_countries live in cities. Now most urban population 【C6】_is in the developing world. Urbanization can【C7】_to social and economic progress, but also put【C8】_on cities to provide housing and 【C9】_. The new re
22、port says almost two hundred thousand people move【C10】_cities and towns each day. It says worsening inequalities,【C11】_by social divisions and differences in【C12】_ , could result in violence and crime【C13】_ cities plan better. Another issue is urban sprawl. This is where cities【C14】_quickly into rur
23、al areas, sometimes【C15】_a much faster rate than urban population growth. Sprawl is【C16】_ in the United States. Americans move a lot. In a recent study, Art Hall at the University of Kansas found that people are moving away from the【C17】_cities to smaller ones. He sees a 【C18】_toward “de-urbanizatio
24、n“ across the nation.【C19】_urban economies still provide many【C20】_ that rural areas do not.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.came onB.came offC.came overD.came out 解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。come on 意为“加油；上场”；come off 意为“举行；成功”；come over。意为“过来；顺便来访”；come out 意为“发表，发布；出版”，该句的主语是 The report(这个报告)，报告只能是“发表，发布”，故应选 Dca
25、me out。“the report came out this week”指“这周发布报告”。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.moreB.otherC.less D.rather解析：解析：考查短语辨析。根据上下文可知，这里说的是都市人口的增长，强调之前的少和现在的多，所以一个世纪之前，城市人口应该“不到”5。less than 意为“少于，不到”，故选 Cless。more than 意为“多于”；other than 意为“除了”；。rather than 意为“而不是”，均不符合句意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.By B.ThroughC.AlongD.To解析：解析：
26、考查介词辨析。该句意为“到本世纪中叶，城市人口可能上升至 70”，By 在这里表示“截止到某个时间”，故选 ABy。To 表示“到(时间)”时，一般用在 fromto 结构中，故排除。其他两项中，Through 意为“通过”，Along 意为“沿着”，均不符合句意。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.reallyB.barelyC.everD.almost 解析：解析：考查副词辨析。almost 意为“几乎，将近”，almost six and a half billion people“将近 65 亿人”是对前面内容的解释，具体说明城市人口将会有多少。really 意为“真正地”；bare
27、ly 意为“仅仅”；ever 意为“曾经；究竟”，均不符合句意，故排除。故选 Dalmost。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.flourishingB.developed C.thrivingD.fertile解析：解析：考查固定搭配。“developed countries”为固定用法，意为“发达国家”，此处与下句中的 developing world 呼应，分别介绍了发达国家和发展中国家的情况，故应选Bdeveloped。flourishing 意为“繁荣的”；thriving 也指“繁荣的”；fertile 意为“富饶的，肥沃的”，均不符合句意，故排除。(6).【C6】（分数：2.
28、00）A.extensionB.additionC.raiseD.growth 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。该句意为“现在大多数城市人口增长发生在发展中国家”，growth 有“增长；发展”的意思，故选 D。其他三项中，extension 意为“延期；扩大”；addition 意为“添加”；raise 意为“上升”，均不符合句意。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.keepB.turnC.lead D.refer解析：解析：考查动词短语辨析。keep to 意为“坚持，遵守”；turn to 意为“转向，变成”；lead to意为“导致，引领，推动”；refer to 意为“参考；涉及”。这里
29、说的是城市化能够推动社会和经济的发展，故应选 Clead。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.pressure B.loadC.restraintD.weight解析：解析：考查固定搭配。“put pressure on”为固定搭配，意为“施加压力”，且从下文的描述也可以看出过快的城市化给城市带来了巨大的压力，故选 Apressure。put weight on 意为“强调，着重于”，与句意不符，可排除。load 意为“负载；负荷”；restraint 意为“限制，约束”，这两个词一般不与 puton 连用，故排除。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.surroundingsB.commu
30、nitiesC.concernsD.services 解析：解析：考查名词辨析。本句意为“城市化引领了社会和经济的发展，但同时也增加了城市提供住房和_的压力”。结合句意和选项可知，城市应该是为人们提供住房和“服务”，故选Dservices(服务)。其他三项中，surroundings 意为“环境”；communities 意为“社区”；concerns意为“关注；关注点”，均不符合句意。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.ontoB.into C.aroundD.upon解析：解析：考查介词搭配。该句意为“这份最新报告显示，每天约有 20 万人涌人城镇”，move into意为“移人，迁
31、入”，符合句意，故本题选 Binto。move onto 意为“移到上”；move around 意为“走来走去，绕着来回转”；move upon 意为“逼近”，均不符合句意，故排除。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.pulledB.driven C.drawnD.pressed解析：解析：考查动词辨析。pull，drive，draw 都有“拉，拽”的意思，press 意为“挤，推，施加压力”。这四个词中只有 driven 表示“推动，驱动”，而 driven by 意为“由驱动；由引起”。结合该句意思：“由社会分化和贫富差距引起的日益严重的不平等，最终可能导致暴力和犯罪”可知，只有d
32、riven 符合句意，故选 B。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.situationsB.wealth C.treasureD.category解析：解析：考查名词辨析。wealth 意为“财富”，指大量的东西或大笔的钱，social division and differences in wealth 指“社会分工和财富上的差距”。treasure 意为“金银财宝”，指储藏起来或是搜集起来的财富。其他两项中，situation 意为“情况”，category 意为“种类”，均不符合文意，故本题应选 Bwealth。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.whenB.ifC.unle
33、ss D.whereas解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。该句意为“除非城市规划得更好，否则由社会分化和贫富差距造成的日益严重的不平等，可能会引起暴力和犯罪”，此处为条件关系，unless 意为“除非，如果不”，符合句意，故选 C。If 作连词意为“如果，即使”，if not=unless；when 作连词意为“当时；既然”；whereas意为“然而”，均不符合句意。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.expand B.splitC.invadeD.enlarge解析：解析：考查动词辨析。expand 意为“扩张”；split 意为“劈开”；invade 意为“侵略”，enlarge 意为“扩大
34、”。根据句意“_农村地区”，首先可排除 split 和 invade。再根据前句提到的“另一个问题就是城市的无序扩张”，可知此处说的是“城市扩张到农村地区，即 expand into rural areas，故选 Aexpand。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.inB.beyondC.withD.at 解析：解析：考查固定搭配。at arate 为固定搭配，意为“以的速度”，at a much faster rate 就是“以更快的速度”，故本题选 Dat。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.common B.conventionalC.ordinaryD.frequent解析
35、：解析：考查形容词辨析。common 意为“普遍的，常见的”，表示某事物经常发生或在很多地方都可以见到；conventional 意为“传统的”；ordinary 意为“普通的，平常的”，强调的是“不特殊”：frequent 意为“时常发生的”。从下文的 across America 可知，这种情况是在很多地方都可以见到的，很常见，故选 Acommon。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.essentialB.priorC.primitiveD.major 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。major cities 指“大城市”，与后文中的 smaller cities 形成对比，故选 Dma
36、jor。其他三项中，essential 意为“基本的”，prior 意为“优先的”，primitive 意为“原始的”，均不符合句意，故排除。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.trend B.styleC.directionD.path解析：解析：考查名词辨析。trend 意为“趋势”，style 意为“风格”，direction 意为“方向”，path 意为“道路”。此处是对前面所述情况的概括，a trend toward de-urbanization 表示“一种逆城市化的趋势”，故选 Atrend。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.ThenB.But C.ForD.Whi
37、le解析：解析：考查逻辑关系。这句话说的是城市有农村地区没有的优点，与前面提到的“逆城市化”的趋势是转折关系，所以要用 BBut。Then 表示承接；For 表示原因；While 表示对比，均不符合句意。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.abilitiesB.qualitiesC.possibilities D.realities解析：解析：考查名词辨析。abilities 意为“能力”；qualities 意为“质量”；possibilities 意为“可能性”：realities 意为“现实”。这里表示城市依然能够提供农村所不能提供的可能性，故选Cpossibilities。His
38、torically, humans get serious about avoiding disasters only after one has just struck them. 【C1】_ that logic, 2006 should have been a breakthrough year for rational behavior. With the memory of 9/11 still【C2】_ in their minds, Americans watched hurricane Katrina, the most expensive disaster in U.S. h
39、istory, on 【C3】_TV. Anyone who didn “t know it before should have learned that bad things can happen. And they are made【C4】_ worse by our willful blindness to risk as much as our 【C5】_to work together before everything goes to hell. Granted, some amount of delusion is probably part of the 【C6】_ cond
40、ition. In A.D. 63, Pompeii was seriously damaged by an earthquake, and the locals immediately went to work 【C7】_, in the same spotuntil they were buried altogether by a volcano eruption 16 years later. But a 【C8】_of the past year in disaster history suggests that modern Americans are particularly ba
41、d at 【C9】_ themselves from guaranteed threats. We know more than we【C10】_ did about the dangers we face. But it turns【C11】_that in times of crisis, our greatest enemy is 【C12】_ the storm, the quake or the【C13】_itself. More often, it is ourselves. So what has happened in the year that【C14】_ the disas
42、ter on the Gulf Coast. In New Orleans, the Army Corps of Engineers has worked day and night to rebuild the floodwalls. They have got the walls to【C15】_ they were before Katrina, more or less. That“s not 【C16】_, we can now say with confidence. But it may be all【C17】_can be expected from one year of h
43、ustle. Meanwhile, New Orleans officials have crafted a plan to use buses and trains to【C18】_ the sick and the disabled. The city estimates that 15,000 people will need a【C19】_ out. However, state officials have not yet determined where these people will be taken. The【C20】_with neighboring communitie
44、s are ongoing and difficult.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.ToB.By C.OnD.For解析：解析：考查上下文语义及介词辨析。前句提到，人只有在遭受灾难之后才会重视如何避免灾难。本句的意思应该是“根据这一逻辑，2006 年本该是理性行为有所突破的一年”。By 可以表示“根据，按照”的意思，正确。故选 BBy。选项 To 为“对来说”；On 为“在上面”；For 为因果连词，均不符合语境。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.fresh B.obviousC.apparentD.evident解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。fresh 表示“
45、新的，(记忆)清晰的”，可与 memory 搭配，表示记忆并没有随着时间的流逝而变得模糊。故选 Afresh。obvious 意为“显然的”；apparent 意为“显然的，外观上的”；evident 意为“明显的，显然的”，均不符合题意。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.visualB.vividC.live D.lively解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。visual“看的，视觉的，形象的”；vivid“生动的，鲜明的，鲜艳的，大胆的，清晰的，活泼的”；live“活的，生动的，精力充沛的，实况转播的”；lively“活泼的，活跃的”。本句要表达人们通过电视实况转播观看飓风卡特丽娜，以此选
46、Clive。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.littleB.lessC.moreD.much 解析：解析：考查语法知识。在修饰形容词或副词的比较级时，可用副词 much 表示程度，故选Dmuch。文中要表达的意思是：灾害本来就造成了巨大的损失，再加上人为的因素，如主观上视而不见或不愿与他人合作，损失就更加惨重了，这里的 much 是修饰 worse 的。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.reluctance B.rejectionC.denialD.decline解析：解析：考查名词辨析。空前的 blindness 和 risk 表明，本空应填一个含有否定意义的词，后三项reject
47、ion，denial，decline 都表示“拒绝”，故均可排除。Areluctance 意为“不情愿，勉强”，表示否定意义，符合语境。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.naturalB.worldC.socialD.human 解析：解析：考查形容词辨析。此处意为“错觉可能是人类的部分状态”。human 意为“人的，人类的”，human condition 表示“人的状况”，符合语境。natural“自然的”；world“世界的”；social“社会的”，均不符合题意。故选 Dhuman。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.revisingB.refiningC.rebuilding D.retrieving解析：解析：考查动名词辨析。文中提到庞贝城被地震严重毁坏，接着人们应该展开重建工作，因此应选Crebuilding，表示“重建”。revising 意为“修订，修正”；refining 意为“精炼，精制”；retrieving 意为“重新得到，找回”，均不符合题意。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.review B.reminderC.conceptD.prospect解析：解析：考查名词辨析。由 the past year in disaster
