1、考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷 9 及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United State
2、s adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a “common law“, or law made by courts 【B1】_ a monarch or other central governmental 【B2】_ like a legislature. The jury, a【B3】_of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an 【B4】_ part of our common-law system. Use of juries to decide
3、cases is a 【B5】_ feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States. 【B6】_the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result 【B7】_ would be obtained using a judge 【B8】_, as many countries
4、 do. 【B9】_ a jury decides cases after “【B10】_“, or discussions among a group of people, the jury s decision is likely to have the【B11】_from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide【B12】_among【B13】_ci
5、tizens, and criminal cases, which decide cases brought by the government【B14】_that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and【B15】_. Jurors, consisting of【B16】_numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury. The judge【B17】_to the case【B18】_the selection of
6、jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states,【B19】_jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the【B20】_under rules dictated by state law.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.other thanB.rather thanC.more thanD.or rather(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.agenc
7、yB.organizationC.institutionD.authority(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.panelB.crewC.bandD.flock(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.innateB.intactC.integralD.integrated(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.discriminatingB.distinguishingC.determiningD.diminishing(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.InB.ByC.AfterD.Over(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.thatB.whichC.thanD.as(8).【B8】(分
8、数:2.00)A.alikeB.aloneC.altogetherD.apart(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.IfD.While(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.deliberationsB.meditationsC.reflectionsD.speculations(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.outlineB.outcomeC.inputD.intake(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.argumentsB.controversiesC.disputesD.hostilities(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)
9、A.fellowB.individualC.personalD.private(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.assertingB.allegingC.maintainingD.testifying(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.assembledB.evokedC.ralliedD.summoned(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.setB.exactC.givenD.placed(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.allocatedB.allottedC.appointedD.assigned(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.administers
10、B.managesC.overseesD.presides(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.inspectiveB.irrespectiveC.perspectiveD.prospective(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.bodiesB.partiesC.sidesD.unitsSalt, shells or metals are still used as money in out-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange 【B1】_ to use as money, 【B2】_ in
11、 countries where were the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 【B3】_ necessity. Gakes of salt, stamped to show their【B4】_. were used as money in some countries until recent 【B5】_, and cakes of salt 【B6】_ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Sea shells 【B7】_ as money at some tim
12、e 【B8】_ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were【B9】_mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the【B10】_from East to West. Medal, valued by weight,【B11】_coins in many parts of
13、the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries【B12】_paper money. It can either be exchanged【B13】_goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells , was of bronze,【B14】_in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called “cas
14、h“. The【B15】_of these are between three thousand and four thousand years oldolder than the earlist coins of the eastern Mediterranean. Nowadays, coins and notes have【B16】_nearly all the more picturesque【B17】_of money, and【B18】_in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep it for futur
15、e use on ceremonial【B19】_such as weddings and funerals, examples of【B20】_money will soon be found only in museums.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.objectB.articleC.substanceD.category(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.butB.andC.soD.even(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.abstractB.advantageousC.abundantD.absolute(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.weig
16、htB.valueC.roleD.size(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.timesB.eventsC.situationsD.conditions(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.evenB.alsoC.stillD.never(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.had been usedB.are usedC.would be usedD.would have been used(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.andB.butC.yetD.or(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.collectedB.producedC.grownD.raised(10).【B10】(分
17、数:2.00)A.cityB.districtC.communityD.continent(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.processedB.producedC.precededD.proceeded(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.in spite ofB.instead ofC.along withD.in line with(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.againstB.asC.inD.for(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.oftenB.seldomC.reallyD.much(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.earlierB.earli
18、estC.betterD.best(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.replacedB.reproducedC.reflectedD.recovered(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.sizesB.shapesC.formatsD.forms(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.whileB.althoughC.becauseD.if(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.eventsB.gatheringsC.occasionsD.assemblies(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.originalB.primitiveC.historicalD.crude
19、考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷 9 答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United Sta
20、tes adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a “common law“, or law made by courts 【B1】_ a monarch or other central governmental 【B2】_ like a legislature. The jury, a【B3】_of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an 【B4】_ part of our common-law system. Use of juries to decid
21、e cases is a 【B5】_ feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States. 【B6】_the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result 【B7】_ would be obtained using a judge 【B8】_, as many countri
22、es do. 【B9】_ a jury decides cases after “【B10】_“, or discussions among a group of people, the jury s decision is likely to have the【B11】_from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right. Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide【B12】_among【B13】_
23、citizens, and criminal cases, which decide cases brought by the government【B14】_that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and【B15】_. Jurors, consisting of【B16】_numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury. The judge【B17】_to the case【B18】_the selection o
24、f jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states,【B19】_jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the【B20】_under rules dictated by state law.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.other thanB.rather than C.more thanD.or rather解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格前后是两个并
25、列的名词 courts 和 a monarch,所在句子的含义为:“共同法”是由法庭_君主制定。根据常识可知,美国是民主制国家,法律不由君主制定。因此空格处填入的连接词应肯定前者而否定后者,所以正确答案为 Brather than“而不是”,即“法庭而不是君主”。other than 通常用在否定句中,表示排除意义,即“除了”,相当于 except;more than 连接名词时除了表示“多于,超过以上”,也可以表示“不仅仅,不只是”,相当于。not only:or rather 表示“更确切的说法是”,相当于 more exactly,均不符合题意。(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.ag
26、encyB.organizationC.institutionD.authority 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词和 governmental 搭配,表示“像立法机关这样的中央政府_”。Dauthority 可表示“有权力做决定或在某个地区有特别责任范围的人们或组织”,即“当局,当权者”。文中 legislature 指“有权制定或修改法律的一群人”,即“立法机关”。因此 D 项为最佳答案。agency 一般指“服务机构,尤其是代理或经销机构”;也可以指(提供特别服务)的政府专门机构,如 the Central Intelligence Agency(美国中央情报局);organ
27、ization 泛指各种组织、团体和机构;institution 多指“大规模的用于特殊目的的组织”,如 educational institution(教育机构);或者指各种慈善机构和社会福利机构,均不符合题意。(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.panel B.crewC.bandD.flock解析:解析:考查名词辨析。panel 指“一组(给予意见和观点的人)”,如 a panel of experts 专家组;crew 指“(有专门技术的)一组工作人员,一起工作的一群人”;band 指“(因为某种共同的目的而组成且有首领的)一帮人”;flock 指 a crowd,large num
28、ber of people。而空格所在部分指的是陪审团小组就被告有罪无罪给出观点的一组人,因此 Apanel 正确。(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.innateB.intactC.integral D.integrated解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格所在部分的含义是:陪审团是共同法系统_部分。Cintegral意为“必需的,不可或缺的”,符合语境,为正确答案。innate 意为“天生的,先天的(品质、情感等)”;intact 意为“完整无缺的”:integrated 意为“各部分密切协调的,完整的,综合的”,均不符合题意。(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.discriminati
29、ngB.distinguishing C.determiningD.diminishing解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格部分填入的形容词作定语修饰 feature,表示“使用陪审团来裁决案件是美国法律系统的一个_特征”。四个选项都是现在分词转换而成的形容词,discriminating 意为“有识别力的;有辨别力的;有鉴赏力的”,如 a discriminating customer(有鉴赏力的顾客),它不和 feature 搭配;distinguishing 意为“显著的,有区别的”,a distinguishing feature 意为“显著的特征”;determining 意为“决定性
30、的”,如 determining factors(决定因素);diminishing 意为“缩小的,减少的”。下文提到,很少有其他国家像美国一样使用陪审团制度,因此它是美国法律系统的一个较突出的特征,因此 Bdistinguishing 正确。(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.InB.ByC.AfterD.Over 解析:解析:考查介词辨析。in,by,after 都应与表示具体某个世纪的名词搭配,如 inbyafter the twentieth century(在 20 世纪到 20 世纪20 世纪以后)。over 接时间名词时相当于 during,表示“在期间”,over the c
31、enturies 表示“几个世纪以来”,符合语义,故选 DOver。(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.thatB.whichC.than D.as解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格前是一个结构完整的句子 juries reach a fairer and more just result,空格后是 would be obtained using a judge alone。显然这里包含了一个从句,由空格处的词来连接。前文已经出现了 fairer 和 more just,它们只能和 than 构成比较级。故 Cthan 为正确答案。整个主从句的含义为:在大多数情况下陪审团比单独一位法官达到的结果
32、更公平、公正。that 可代替先行词 result,which 和 as 可代替前面整个句子,但代入后句子意为“陪审团可达到更公平、公正的结果,这个(结果)可单独使用一位法官而达到”,显然不符合逻辑。(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.alikeB.alone C.altogetherD.apart解析:解析:考查副词辨析。Balone 用在名词或代词之后可以表示“唯有、唯独”之意,文中ajudgealone 表示“仅有一名法官”,符合语境,所以正确答案为 B。alike 意为“十分相似地;同样地”:altogether 意为“完全,全部;总共,一共”;apart 意为“分开,分离;除外”,
33、均不符合题意。(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.AlthoughB.Because C.IfD.While解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。逻辑连接词的选择需要分析前后两句话之间的语义关系。“_a jury decides cases after“_”,or discussions among a group of people,”(陪审团裁决案件是在一群人讨论后);“theurys decision is likely to have the 疗 om many different people fromdifferent backgrounds”(陪审团的决定可能有不同背景的不同人的)根据分析
34、可知,这里应是因果关系,故选 BBecause。Although“虽然”,表让步;If“如果”,表条件;While“当的时候:虽然,尽管”,表时间或让步,均不符合题意。(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.deliberations B.meditationsC.reflectionsD.speculations解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格处的名词和 discussions 由连词 or 连接,两者形成了平行结构,语义相近,指“一群人的行为”。对比四个选项可知,Adeliberations 和 discussions 同义,常用作复数,意为“商议,审议”,是正确答案。meditation
35、 作不可数名词时,意为“(尤指宗教的)沉思,冥想”,作可数名词时,意为“沉思录”;reflection 作不可数名词时,意为“沉思,审慎的思考”,作可数名词时,意为“思考,回忆”;speculations 指“推测,猜测”,均不符合题意。(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.outlineB.outcomeC.input D.intake解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格所在句子的意思为:陪审团的决定可能有来自不同背景的不同人的_。要填入的单词受到 from many different people from different backgrounds,who must as a group
36、 decide what is right 的限定,既然这些人“能够决定事情的对错”,那么他们的决定一定是有影响力的,因此 Cinput 是正确答案,可表示“影响”。outline 意为“概述,略述,轮廓”;outcome 一般指“(事件或行为的)结果,效果”;intake 意为“摄取量,接收入数”,均不符合题意。(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.argumentsB.controversiesC.disputes D.hostilities解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词是动词 decide 的宾语,表示“陪审团用来裁决公民之间发生的_”。Cdisputes 除了指“争论,
37、辩论”,也可指“各方围绕某一问题产生的争端,纠纷”,代入文中指“公民之间的纠纷”,符合文意。故正确答案为 C。argument 指“辩论双方均以事实或理由来说服对方的辩论”:controversy 多指“对引起广泛兴趣或非常重要的问题的公开的辩论”;hostility作不可数名词时意为“敌意,对抗”,作可数名词时常用复数形式,意为“敌对行为,战争行为”,由于它指具体行为,不与 decide(解决,裁决)搭配,三项均不符合题意。(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.fellowB.individualC.personalD.private 解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格所在部分的含义是:民
38、事案件裁决_公民之间的纷争。Dprivate 可表示“与工作或官职无关的,普通的,平民的”,private citizens 指“普通公民”,符合文意。故正确答案为 D。做形容词时,fellow 意为“同类的,同事的,同伴的”,如 fellow citizens指“同胞”;individual 意为“单独的,个别的”,后面只接单数可数名词或不可数名词,如eachindividual memberfreedom(每个成员个人自由);personal 意为“个人的,私人的”,不与citizens 搭配,三项均不符合题意。(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.assertingB.allegin
39、g C.maintainingD.testifying解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的现在分词做定语修饰名词 cases,表示“由政府带来的刑事案件_个人犯罪”。因此关键是辨析几个核心动词。assert 主观意味强,指“明确肯定,断言”,即自认为某事就是如此而不管事实如何;allege 多指“不提供证据的断言或宣称”;maintain 指“坚决维护某种主张或观点”;testify 多指“在法庭作证,庄严地宣称自己所说属实”。由于文中提到的案件是在陪审团作出裁决前由政府提出诉讼的案件,因此 Balleging“指控”为正确答案。(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.assembledB
40、.evokedC.ralliedD.summoned 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的过去分词和上文的 selected 并列,表示“陪审团成员被选出并被_”。Dsummoned 指“传唤,传讯(出庭)”,符合文意,为正确答案。assemble 修饰人时表示“召集、集合”;evoke 指“引起,唤起(感情、记忆)”;rally 指“(为了帮助和支持某人或某事)召集、集合”,均不符合题意。(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.set B.exactC.givenD.placed解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格所在部分的含义是:陪审团由_人数组成。set 意为“安排好的,确定的,固定的”
41、,文中强调陪审团人数是固定的,因此应选 Aset。exact 意为“精确的,严密的”;given 意为“(事先)已经安排好的,规定的”;placed 意为“有名次的,已获胜的”,均不符合题意。(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.allocatedB.allottedC.appointedD.assigned 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格所在部分应填入过去分词作定语,修饰 the judge,其搭配为_the judge to the case。assign 表示“分配(某物),分派(工作、任务)等”时,其搭配是 assign sthto sb;表示“指定,指派;委任,派遣”时,其搭配是
42、 assign sbto sth。放入文中表示“被指派负责案件的法官”,符合文意,故 Dassigned 为正确答案。allocate 意为“分配(给),划(归)”,其搭配是 allocate sthto sbsth,一般接事物作直接宾语;allot 意为“分配,配给(时间、钱财等);分配(任务)”,其搭配是 allot sthto sbsth,一般也接事物作直接宾语;appoint 意为“任命,委任”,其搭配是 appoint sbtoas sth,但其中 sth一般指的是职位,三项均不符合题意。(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.administersB.managesC.overs
43、ees D.presides解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词的主语是 the judge,其宾语是 the selection of jurors,即表示“法官_陪审团成员的选举”。Coversee 意为“监督,监视(以确保某项工作或活动的恰当完成)”,oversee the elections 表示“监督选举”。由于法官并不直接参与陪审团的选举,因此 Coversee 为正确答案。administer 意为“管理(公司、组织、机构),治理(国家);施行,执行”;manage 表示“管理,负责(公司、球队、组织等)”;preside 是不及物动词,和介词 over 或 at 搭配表示
44、“主持(会议、仪式等);管理”,均不符合题意。(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.inspectiveB.irrespectiveC.perspectiveD.prospective 解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格处填入的形容词,修饰 jurors,根据上下文可知,这里表示的含义是“一些州(在选举陪审团成员时),_陪审团成员由法官询问”。inspective 意为“检查的,视察的;留神的”;irrespective 意为“不考虑的,不顾的”;perspective 意为“透视,远景,观点”;prospective 意为“未来的,预期的”。显然 Dprospective 符合文意。(20
45、).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.bodiesB.parties C.sidesD.units解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格所在部分表达的含义是:在另一些州,陪审团成员遵照州法律规定的法规接受代表_的律师的询问。四个选项都可以指人的群体。party 指“(条约、会议、诉讼等)当事人,参与者,一方”,符合文意,故答案为 Bparties。body 指“团体,社团,群体”;side 指“辩论或商务安排中的一方”;unit 指“班组,小队”,如 armypolice units(陆军警察分队),均不符合题意Salt, shells or metals are still used as money
46、 in out-the-way parts of the world today. Salt may seem rather a strange 【B1】_ to use as money, 【B2】_ in countries where were the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an 【B3】_ necessity. Gakes of salt, stamped to show their【B4】_. were used as money in some countries until recent 【B5】_
47、, and cakes of salt 【B6】_ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa. Sea shells 【B7】_ as money at some time 【B8】_ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were【B9】_mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the【B10】_from East to West. Medal, valued by weight,【B11】_coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries【B12】_paper money. It can