1、考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷 38及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, advi
2、ser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acting as a(n)【B1】_for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way, it 【B2】_ a variety of functions in human life. The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the【B3】_of leisure
3、: there is less time for games, amusement and rest. 【B4】_ by what is happening on the screen, children not only imitate what they see but directly 【B5】_ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the 【B6】_ of violence in the media and its 【B7】_ harm to children and ado
4、lescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media【B8】_, such as video games, cable television, music videos, and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity, these media,【B9】_television,【B10】_public concern and research attention. Another large societal concern on our young gene
5、ration 【B11】_ by the media, is body image. 【B12】_ forces can influence body image positively or negatively.【B13】_one, societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing【B14】_our concepts of beauty. In the mass media, the images of【B15】_beauty fill magazines and newspapers,【B16】_from our television
6、s and entertain us【B17】_the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media【B18】_on accepted cultural values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain Young adults are presented with a【B19】_defined standard of attractiveness, a (n) 【B20】_ that carries unrealistic physical expectations.(分数:40.00)(1).【B
7、1】(分数:2.00)A.alternativeB.preferenceC.substituteD.representative(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.accomplishesB.fulfillsC.providesD.suffices(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.riskB.mercyC.heightD.expense(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.AbsorbedB.AttractedC.ArousedD.Addicted(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.identifyB.recognizeC.unifyD.equate(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A
8、.abundanceB.incidenceC.prevalenceD.recurrence(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.disposedB.hiddenC.implicitD.potential(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.mergedB.emergedC.immergedD.submerged(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.apart fromB.much asC.but forD.along with(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.promoteB.propelC.promptD.prosper(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.inspiredB.i
9、mposedC.deliveredD.contributed(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.ExternalB.ExteriorC.ExplicitD.Exposed(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.AsB.AtC.ForD.In(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.markB.effectC.impactD.shock(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.generalizedB.regularizedC.standardizedD.categorized(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.boomB.bottomC.brimD.beam(17).【B17】(
10、分数:2.00)A.overB.withC.onD.at(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.playB.takeC.profitD.resort(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.barelyB.carefullyC.narrowlyD.subjectively(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.idealB.imageC.stereotypeD.criterionThe Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country s speed camera network is expan
11、ded. Motoring organizations warned that the【B1】_could become a poll tax on wheels,【B2】_huge number of drivers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism【B3】_cameras. The warnings came 【B4】_a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either【B5】_to expansi
12、on plans or considering【B6】_. Nationwide, the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble,【B7】_ 90 million a year. 【B8】_the scheme, police keep some of the cash from fines to【B9】_the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and【B10】_that existing ones always have film in them. The rest wi
13、ll go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed【B11】_at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by【B12】_a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe【B13】_
14、fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possible. Some forces are also expected to【B14】_the “threshold“ speeds at which cameras are【B15】_to the absolute legal minimum-15 mph in a 10 mph limit, and 26 mph in a 20 mph zone. This could encourage drivers to stare at their speedometers instead of conc
15、entrating on the road, and【B16】_to more accidents. Sue Nicholson, head of campaigns at the RAC, said, “We dont have a problem with speed cameras 【B17】_. But we do have concerns about【B18】_they are sited. Police risk losing credibility【B19】_motorists if cameras are seen as revenue-raising【B20】_safety
16、 devices.“(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.promotionsB.punishmentsC.penaltiesD.payments(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.isolatingB.separatingC.alienatingD.detaching(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.towardsB.againstC.beforeD.over(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.soB.onceC.asD.where(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.subjectedB.engagedC.intendedD.committed(6).【B6】(
17、分数:2.00)A.taking partB.keeping silenceC.making exceptionD.paying respect(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.financingB.profitingC.fundingD.netting(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.FromB.UnderC.OnD.With(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.hideB.coverC.concealD.veil(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.pledgingB.assuringC.confirmingD.ensuring(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.esse
18、ntiallyB.stronglyC.wholeheartedlyD.purely(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.in allB.fewer thanC.at mostD.up to(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.butB.whereasC.thoughD.while(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.fitB.putC.setD.fix(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.leveredB.gearedC.handledD.triggered(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.leadB.addC.contributeD.resort(17).【B17】(
19、分数:2.00)A.any lessB.by itselfC.after allD.as such(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.whoB.whenC.whereD.which(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.inB.withC.againstD.for(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.in spite ofB.far fromC.rather thanD.by means of考研英语一(完形填空)模拟试卷 38答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of
20、EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:The mass media is a big part of our culture, yet it can also be a helper, adviser and teacher to our young generation. The mass media affects the lives of our young by acti
21、ng as a(n)【B1】_for a number of institutions and social contacts. In this way, it 【B2】_ a variety of functions in human life. The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the【B3】_of leisure: there is less time for games, amusement and rest. 【B4】_ by what is happening on the screen,
22、children not only imitate what they see but directly 【B5】_ themselves with different characters. Americans have been concerned about the 【B6】_ of violence in the media and its 【B7】_ harm to children and adolescents for at least forty years. During this period, new media【B8】_, such as video games, ca
23、ble television, music videos, and the Internet. As they continue to gain popularity, these media,【B9】_television,【B10】_public concern and research attention. Another large societal concern on our young generation 【B11】_ by the media, is body image. 【B12】_ forces can influence body image positively o
24、r negatively.【B13】_one, societal and cultural norms and mass media marketing【B14】_our concepts of beauty. In the mass media, the images of【B15】_beauty fill magazines and newspapers,【B16】_from our televisions and entertain us【B17】_the movies. Even in advertising, the mass media【B18】_on accepted cultu
25、ral values of thinness and fitness for commercial gain Young adults are presented with a【B19】_defined standard of attractiveness, a (n) 【B20】_ that carries unrealistic physical expectations.(分数:40.00)(1).【B1】(分数:2.00)A.alternativeB.preferenceC.substitute D.representative解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格所在部分填入一个名词,表示“
26、大众媒体作为许多机构和社会交往的而影响年轻人的生活”。substitute 作名词时意为“代替物,代替者”,常和介词 for搭配,代入句中意为“大众媒体可以代替机构和社会交往”,符合句意,因此答案为 Csubstitute。alternative 作名词时意为“可供选择的办法或事物”;preference 和介词 for搭配,指“对的偏爱,爱好”,将它放人文中显然不符合逻辑;representative 一般指人,即“被选举或委派代表某人或某团体的人”,三项均不符合题意。(2).【B2】(分数:2.00)A.accomplishesB.fulfills C.providesD.suffices
27、解析:解析:考查动词辨析。从四个选项来看,能够和后面的宾语 functions搭配且符合上下文语义的动词只有 Bfulfills,意为“起作用”,放入文中指“大众媒体在人们生活中起到了各种各样的作用”。accomplish意为“完成,实现,达到”,后面一般接“计划、任务、目的”,不和 functions搭配;provide与 function搭配,指“提供功能”,但根据上文可知,大众媒体对影响年轻人的生活,是“发挥功能作用”,而非“提供功能”;suffice 指“足够,足以”,为不及物动词。故答案为 B。(3).【B3】(分数:2.00)A.riskB.mercyC.heightD.expen
28、se 解析:解析:考查上下文语义及介词短语辨析。空格处所在句子的后半部分指出 there is less time for games(用于游戏的时间减少了),这句话是对本题所在句子 The time spent in front of the television screen is usually at the_of leisure的补充和说明。空格处的名词构成的短语是 at theof。at the expense of 意为“以为代价”,符合语境,表示“在电视屏幕前耗费的时间常常是以休闲为代价的”。故 Dexpense 为正确答案。at the risk of 意为“冒的危险”:at
29、the mercy of意为“受支配”;at the height 意为“在的最盛时,在的高潮中”,均不符合题意。(4).【B4】(分数:2.00)A.AbsorbedB.Attracted C.ArousedD.Addicted解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格部分是过去分词结构作状语,表示“被屏幕上呈现的东西所孩子们模仿他们所看到的”。因此空格处填入的分词要和后面的介词 by搭配,而且要符合上下文意。Attract 常和介词 by搭配,意为“被吸引,对感兴趣”。在文中意为“由于被电视屏幕上的东西吸引”,符合句意和语法要求。故选 BAttracted。Absorb 常与介词 in搭配,表示“注意
30、力集中于,被吸引”;Arouse意为“使行动起来,激发”;Addict 意为“使入迷,使成瘾”,和介词 to搭配,均不符合题意。(5).【B5】(分数:2.00)A.identify B.recognizeC.unifyD.equate解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词构成的搭配是oneself with,表示“孩子们直接将自己和(电视中的)不同人物_”。identify sbwith sth表示“把某人视为”,文中表示的含义是“孩子们直接将自己视为电视中的各种不同的人物”,符合句意,故选 Aidentify。recognize 的搭配是 recognize sbas sth,意为“认
31、可,接受某人为”;unify 是及物动词,意为“统一,使一元化”;equate 的搭配只能是 equate sthwith sth,意为“使等同”,均不符合题意。(6).【B6】(分数:2.00)A.abundanceB.incidenceC.prevalence D.recurrence解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词说明“暴力”的特点。abundance 是褒义词,指“大量,丰富,充裕”,它一般不和 violence搭配;incidence 指“发生率,影响范围或程度”,是中性词,常常由形容词修饰后表示褒贬,如 an area with a high incidence of c
32、rime(犯罪率高的地区);prevalence指“普遍,盛行”,放入文中指“媒体里暴力的普及”。recurrence 表示“重现,复发”。由上下文可知,美国人应担忧媒体中暴力的“普及”,而非“发生率”或“重现”。故选Cprevalence。(7).【B7】(分数:2.00)A.disposedB.hiddenC.implicitD.potential 解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。disposed 只作表语,意为“倾向于,有意于”;hidden 意为“隐藏的;神秘的”,强调不外露,不明显,如 hidden illness(隐疾);implicit 意为“(语言上)含蓄的,不直接言明的”;pot
33、ential 意为“潜在的,可能的”,指将来可能形成的。由上下文中的 concern about和for at least forty years可知,人们担忧的是一种潜在的危害。因此,Dpotential 为正确答案。(8).【B8】(分数:2.00)A.mergedB.emerged C.immergedD.submerged解析:解析:考查动词辨析。从结构上来看,空格处所在句子的前后文形成了例证关系。再从语义上来看,media的修饰词是 new,因此要填入的单词应当表达“出现”的含义,Bemerged“出现”符合句意,是正确答案。merge 意为“结合,融合”;immerge 意为“浸入
34、”;submerge 意为“淹没,完全掩盖”,均不符合题意。(9).【B9】(分数:2.00)A.apart fromB.much asC.but forD.along with 解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格上文指的是 these media“这些(新的)媒体”,空格后是television“(旧的媒体)电视”,前后是并列关系,由于文中对两者是同等的强调,并没有突出新旧媒体的不同,因此应选 Dalong with“连同一起,随同一起”,表示“这些媒体连同电视一起”。apart from意为“除之外”;much as 意为“尽管”,一般引导让步句子;but for 意为“要不是”,多用虚拟语气
35、,均不符合题意。(10).【B10】(分数:2.00)A.promoteB.propelC.prompt D.prosper解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词的主语是 these media,宾语是 public concern and research attention。prompt 意为“促使,导致,激起”,放入文中表示“这些媒体引起了公众的担忧和研究的注意”,符合文意,故选 Cprompt。promote 意为“促进,推动”;propel 本义指“推进”,用于抽象含义时只能是 propel sbinto sth,表示“驱使某人进入一种状态”;prosper 意为“(使)繁荣,昌
36、盛”均不符合题意。(11).【B11】(分数:2.00)A.inspiredB.imposed C.deliveredD.contributed解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的过去分词表被动,其主语是 the media,宾语是 societal concern。impose sthonupon sbsth表示“迫使,把强加于”。将 impose代入文中,指“媒体使年轻一代受到的另一方面的社会关注是身体形象”,符合文意,故答案为 Bimposed。inspire 后跟sth的搭配是 inspire sthin sb,意为“鼓舞,激励,激起(错觉或情感)”;deliver 的搭配是deli
37、ver sthto sbsth,意为“递送,交付”;contribute 作及物动词时的搭配是 contribute sthto sth,意为“增加,增进”,这三项均不符合题意。(12).【B12】(分数:2.00)A.External B.ExteriorC.ExplicitD.Exposed解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。External 意为“外界的,外来的”,指与其他物体分离或没有关系的外部,不涉及内容,如 a combination of internal and external factors(内外因结合);Exterior 意为“外部的外表的,外面的”,强调位于事物的外表以上,但仍
38、是该事物的一部分,如 Exterior wallssurfaces(外墙,外层表面);Explicit 意为“清楚明白的,直截了当的”;Exposed 常用来修饰“地方或人”,意为“无遮蔽的,无保护的”。因此能和 forces搭配的是 external,指“外部力量”。故选 AExternal。(13).【B13】(分数:2.00)A.AsB.AtC.For D.In解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格处所在的前后文形成了例证关系,上文提到,外部力量影响身体形象;空格下文则具体解释说明社会文化标准和大众媒介的营销对我们关于美的观念有影响。因此下文是对上文的具体举例说明。选项中的介词和 one都可以构
39、成固定搭配。as one 意为“一致,一齐”;at one(with sbsth)表示“完全一致,是的一部分”;for one 表示“作为其中一个,举例来说”;in one表示“集于一身(或一体);多功能,多用途”。因此表达这种逻辑关系的是 for one。故选CFor。(14).【B14】(分数:2.00)A.markB.effectC.impact D.shock解析:解析:考查动词辨析。mark 作及物动词时意为“表明,是的迹象征兆”;effect 作动词意为“使发生,实现,引起”;impact 可作及物动词,意为“对有影响,有作用;冲击”;shock 作动词时接人作宾语,表示“使(某人
40、)震惊气愤厌恶”。由下文可知,文章主要论述了媒体中“以瘦为美”的宣传影响着青少年的审美价值观。因此,本题应选 Cimpact,表示“社会文化标准和大众媒体的营销冲击着我们关于美的观念”。(15).【B15】(分数:2.00)A.generalizedB.regularizedC.standardized D.categorized解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。standardized 意为“标准的,定型的”,它用在文中指“标准的美女”,符合语境,故选 Cstandardized。generalized 意为“笼统的,普遍的,概括性的”;regularized 意为“合法化的,正式存在的”;cat
41、egorized 意为“分类的,归类的”,均不符合题意。(16).【B16】(分数:2.00)A.boomB.bottomC.brimD.beam 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处填入的动词的主语是 the images,状语是 from our televisions。Dbeam 表示“发射电波,播送”,放入文中表示“标准美女的形象从电视中播放出来”,符合句意,是正确答案。boom 意为“迅速发展,繁荣昌盛”;bottom 意为“达到底部,降到最低点”;brim意为“(使)满,盛满”,均不符合题意。(17).【B17】(分数:2.00)A.overB.withC.onD.at 解析:解析:考
42、查介词搭配。the movies 相当于 cinema(电影院)。用在地点、地名前,at 可以表示抽象概念,at the movies 意为“在看电影”,代入文中,表示“在看电影时(其中的)标准的美女形象娱乐着我们”,符合句意,故选 Dat。其他三项均不符合题意。(18).【B18】(分数:2.00)A.play B.takeC.profitD.resort解析:解析:考查词语搭配。空格处填入的动词应和介词 on搭配,符合上下文意。play onupon sth表示“利用(感情等),代入文中表示“在广告中,大众媒介利用公认的瘦和健康的文化价值来赢得商业利润”,符合句意,故选 Aplay。tak
43、e on sth表示“呈现,具有(特征、外观等);承担,同意负责”;profit 和介词 byfrom 搭配,表示“获益,得到好处”;resort 和介词 to搭配,表示“求助于,依靠,诉诸”,这三项均不符合题意。(19).【B19】(分数:2.00)A.barelyB.carefullyC.narrowly D.subjectively解析:解析:考查副词辨析。barely 意为“仅仅,勉强能;几乎不,几乎没有”,和 defined搭配表示“几乎无法界定的”;carefully 意为“仔细地,谨慎地”,和 defined搭配意为“仔细地定义确定”;narrowly意为“狭隘地,严格地”:su
44、bjectively 意为“主观地”。由上文可知,“吸引力的标准”指的是“以瘦为美”,强调其标准的狭隘,因此应选 Cnarrowly。(20).【B20】(分数:2.00)A.ideal B.imageC.stereotypeD.criterion解析:解析:考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词是 a narrowly defined standard of attractive的同位语:空格后 that引导的定语从句对该词进行了解释说明,即“包含着对外形的不切实际的期望”。ideal作名词时意为“理想,看似完美的思想和标准”,符合文意,即狭隘的“美”的标准是不切实际的,是一种难以达到的完美标准。故
45、选 Aideal。image 意为“形象,印象”;stereotype 意为“模式化观念或形象”;criterion 意为“(评判或作决定的)标准,准则,原则”,均不符合题意。The Treasury could pocket 20 million a year in extra fines once the country s speed camera network is expanded. Motoring organizations warned that the【B1】_could become a poll tax on wheels,【B2】_huge number of dri
46、vers. There could be many more incidents of vandalism【B3】_cameras. The warnings came 【B4】_a Daily Mail survey found almost all the 23 police forces in England and Wales were either【B5】_to expansion plans or considering【B6】_. Nationwide, the number of speeding tickets is expected to treble,【B7】_ 90 m
47、illion a year. 【B8】_the scheme, police keep some of the cash from fines to【B9】_the costs of fitting and maintaining extra cameras and【B10】_that existing ones always have film in them. The rest will go to the Treasury. Both Ministers and police insist the scheme is aimed【B11】_at making roads safer. They point to trials in eight areas which cut collisions by a quarter and deaths and serious injuries by【B12】_a half. But motoring organizations fear cameras will be sited on relatively safe【B13】_fast stretches to catch as many drivers as possib