1、考研英语-试卷 274及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative pers
2、on who is (1)_ only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, (2)_ embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3)_ the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a c
3、orner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive. (4)_, there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior which, (5)_ broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6)_. It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7)_ for the discussion of thei
4、r weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it (8)_. Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9)_ forecast and hence becomes a source of interest and (10)_ to everyone. This may be so. (11)_ a British cannot have much (12)_ in the weathermen, who, after promisin
5、g fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (13)_ a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street seems to be as accurateor as inaccurateas the weathermen in his (14)_. Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15)_ weathe
6、r that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (16)_ by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn“t it?“ “Beautiful!“ may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?“ (17)_ the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it
7、is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. (18)_ he wants to start a conversation with a British but is (19)_ to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20)_ an answer from even the most reserved of the Briti
8、sh.（分数：40.00）A.relaxedB.frustratedC.amusedD.exhaustedA.yetB.otherwiseC.evenD.soA.experienceB.witnessC.watchD.undergoA.DeliberatelyB.ConsequentlyC.FrequentlyD.ApparentlyA.unlessB.onceC.whileD.asA.suspicionB.oppositionC.criticismD.praiseA.emotionB.fancyC.likenessD.judgmentA.at lengthB.to a great exten
9、tC.from his heartD.by all meansA.followsB.predictsC.defiesD.supportsA.dedicationB.compassionC.contemplationD.speculationA.StillB.AlsoC.CertainlyD.FundamentallyA.faithB.relianceC.honorD.creditA.ifB.onceC.whenD.whereasA.propositionsB.predictionsC.approvalD.defianceA.aboutB.onC.inD.toA.startedB.conduct
10、edC.replacedD.proposedA.SinceB.AlthoughC.HoweverD.Only ifA.Even ifB.BecauseC.IfD.ForA.at a lossB.at lastC.in groupD.on the occasionA.stimulateB.constituteC.furnishD.provoke二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Ans
11、wer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._Some people talk about immigration in terms of politics, some in terms of history. But the core of the matter is numbers. The Labor Department says that immigrants make up about 15 percent of the work force. It“s estimated that a third of t
12、hose are undocumented workers. The Pew Hispanic Center estimates that one in four farmhands in the United States is an undocumented immigrant, and that they make up a significant portion of the people who build our houses, clean our office buildings and prepare our food. America has become a nation
13、dependent on the presence of newcomers, both those with green cards and those without. Business leaders say agriculture, construction, meatpacking and other industries would collapse without them. Sure, it would be great if everyone were here legally, if the immigration service weren“t such a disast
14、er that getting a green card is a life“s work. It would be great if other nations had economies robust enough to support their citizens so leaving home wasn“t the only answer. But at a certain point public policy means dealing not only with how things ought to be but with how they are. Here“s how th
15、ey are: these people work the jobs we don“t want, sometimes two and three jobs at a time. They do it on the cheap, which is tough, so that their children won“t have to, which is good. They use services like hospitals and schools, which is a drain on public coffers, and they pay taxes, which contribu
16、te to them. Immigration is never about today, always about tomorrow, an exercise in that thing some native-born Americans seem to have lost the knack for: deferred gratification. It“s the educated man who arrived in the Washington D.C., area and took a job doing landscaping, then found work as a pai
17、nter, then was hired to fix up an entire apartment complex by someone who liked his work ethic. He started his own business and wound up employing others. Does it matter that he arrived in this country with no work visa if he is now supporting the nation“s economy? If any towns, whose aging populati
18、ons were on the wane before the immigrants arrived, succeed in driving newcomers away, those who remain will find themselves surrounded by empty storefronts, deserted restaurants and houses that will not sell. It“s the civic equivalent of starving to death because you don“t care for the food. But at
19、 least everyone involved can tell themselves their town wasted away while they were speaking English.（分数：10.00）(1).It is estimated that _ of US workforce is made up of undocumented immigrants.（分数：2.00）A.15 percentB.one thirdC.4.5 percentD.one in four(2).What is the image of undocumented immigrants i
20、n the author“s opinion?（分数：2.00）A.illegal and need to be sent back to where they“re from.B.essential to the construction of US economy.C.encouraged to work illegally in US.D.enjoying the public services without contributing to them.(3).According to the text, if all the newcomers are driven away from
21、 a city, it would be possible that _（分数：2.00）A.the economy would be more prosperous because of convenience of management.B.house lease industry may decline due to lack of customers.C.people in the city may starve to death.D.everyone will involve in the process and cheer for it.(4).In the author“s op
22、inion, why do undocumented immigrants straggle for life?（分数：2.00）A.provide services to US citizens.B.do those the US citizens don“t want to do.C.enable their own country be robust enough to support themselves.D.make their children to be legal citizens of the US.(5).The example of the young man in Wa
23、shington D.C. has shown that _（分数：2.00）A.all the illegal immigrants can be successful.B.it doesn“t matter whether an immigrant is legal if he can contribute to the country.C.only educated immigrants can support the development of US economy.D.a work visa is necessary for foreigners to get a job in t
24、he US.Psychotherapy for as long as nine months is significantly more effective than short-term treatment for alleviating depression associated with bipolar disease, new research suggests. The drugs used to treat depression are of limited use in treating the repeating depressive episodes of bipolar i
25、llness, according to background information in the article, published last week in The Archives of General Psychiatry. The researchers studied 293 patients with bipolar disease at 15 medical centers nationwide. They randomly assigned one group of 163 people to one of three kinds of psychotherapy con
26、sisting of up to 3050-minute sessions over nine months. A second group of 130 patients was assigned to “collaborative care“, three sessions over six weeks designed to offer a brief version of the most common psychological and behavioral strategies shown to be beneficial in bipolar illness. The parti
27、cipants, whose average age was 40, were followed for one year, and all were also being treated with mood-stabilizing medicines. Cognitive behavioral therapy focuses on challenging and controlling negative thoughts. In interpersonal and social rhythm therapy, patients concentrate on stabilizing daily
28、 routines and resolving interpersonal problems. Family therapy engages family members to help solve problems related to the illness, like failing to take medication properly, and to reduce the number of negative family interactions. Therapists at each of the 15 medical centers received brief trainin
29、g in the therapies they administered. “The study included real-world patients experiencing the early phases of a depressive episode“, said David J. Miklowitz, the study“s lead author. “And the therapists who delivered the treatment were trained by experts in the field with low-intensity training, wh
30、ich is typical of what“s available in real-life practice“. Recovery rates after one year were a combined average of 64 percent for the intensive therapy groups, but only 52 percent for those who had brief therapy. In any given month, a patient undergoing longer-term therapy was more than one and a h
31、alf times as likely to be well as one who had short-term treatment. Family therapy was slightly more effective than interpersonal or cognitive behavioral therapy, but the differences among the types of intensive treatment were not statistically significant. “This is a monumental study“, said a profe
32、ssor of psychiatry who was not involved in the work. “There are no pharmaceutical companies willing to pay for research in psychotherapy, so we don“t have many clinical trials“. But, she added: “Psychosocial treatment for bipolar illness is not an alternative to medication. It“s a supplement“. The c
33、ost of long-term therapy is high, and insurance companies are reluctant to cover it. But according to the professor, the cost of not covering it could be higher. “It isn“t just the cost of the therapy. It“s the long-term cost. Bipolar illness has devastating effects on families as well as on the pat
34、ients themselves“.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “bipolar“ (Line 2, Paragraph 1) most probably means _（分数：2.00）A.a disease that is the same as depression.B.a disease that demonstrates alternative depression and its opposite.C.a disease that can be cured purely by psychotherapy.D.a disease that may be cured
35、by medicine used for depression.(2).It has been found in the research that _ are more likely to be well.（分数：2.00）A.patients with intensive psychotherapy treatment for 9 months.B.patients undertaken brief psychotherapy courses.C.patients with the help of family to take medicine.D.patients taken medic
36、ine regularly without psychotherapy treatment.(3).The most prevailing types of psychotherapy don“t include _（分数：2.00）A.collaborative care therapy.B.cognitive behavioral therapy.C.interpersonal therapy.D.family therapy.(4).According to the text, the study is considered as monumental in that _（分数：2.00
37、）A.psychotherapy researches cannot get fund from pharmaceutical companiesB.psychosocial treatment for bipolar illness is a supplementC.clinical studies on psychotherapy are rare and preciousD.the finding of the research has overthrown belief in the past(5).It is better for insurance companies to cov
38、er the cost of long-term therapy because（分数：2.00）A.the cost of the long-term therapy is high.B.bipolar illness is very costly.C.the adverse effects of bipolar illness are higher.D.long-term insurance is beneficial.A curious election will take place in St Louis on April 3rd. Seven candidates will com
39、pete for two seats on the city“s school board. The polls will open at 6 a.m. and stay open until 7 p.m. Staffing the polling stations and counting the electronic ballots will cost taxpayers at least $260,000. Two happy candidates will celebrate and take officejust in time to have the state of Missou
40、ri complete the takeover of the district“s schools and give them and the other board members nothing to do for several years. This election to nothing comes after years of falling test scores, revolving superintendents, screaming matches between board members at public meetings and a growing dissati
41、sfaction with every aspect of public education. The state board of education voted on March 22nd to take over the school district, effective in mid-June. Some prominent figures endorsed this course, including the mayor of St Louis, and even some members of the St Louis school board. Others in the ci
42、ty, though, are deeply opposed and ready to fight about it. Although the city schools overall have an amply deserved reputation for low standards, there are some good schools and many good students. The best students have the most to lose, fearing that the turmoil could damage their chances of getti
43、ng into good universities. When the state education board voted on the takeover, a group of angry students, teachers and other members of the public tried to disrupt the meeting. Protesters are still trying to use the courts to stop the action, and the teachers“ union has threatened a strike. Under
44、Missouri law the city“s schools will now be placed under a three-member board appointed by the governor, the mayor and the president of the board of aldermen. Governor Matt Blunt“s choice of Rick Sullivan, the head of a building firm, has already been attacked because of Mr. Sullivan“s lack of exper
45、ience in education and because he lives in one of the wealthiest suburbs outside the city. Mr. Sullivan and the other members, who have yet to be appointed, have an almost impossible task before them. The district, which in the past five years has turned a $52m surplus into a $24.5m deficit, has alr
46、eady closed schools, cut services and squeezed spending hard. But as its critics point out, the elected school board still found plenty of money for tours and public relations. The trickle of voters turning out for the pointless board election will pass banners celebrating the new season of the worl
47、d baseball champions. St Louis has made huge progress in attracting a new generation of young professionals to its downtown area, building new business developments and installing new infrastructure. The great failure in its schools puts all that in danger.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “curious“ (Line 1, P
48、aragraph 1) most probably implies that _（分数：2.00）A.the election is very eager to understand the unknown world.B.the election is extremely careful and significant.C.the election is strange for its expensive cost and pointless result:D.the election is held by children who are curious of the world.(2).Which of the following is the most result of winners of the election?（分数：2.00）A.reverse the tendency of declination of education in St. Louis.B.do nothing that can improve the current circumstances in St. Loui
