1、考研英语-试卷 136 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_At the moment the second plane was slamming into the south tower, President Bush was
2、(1)_ to the second-graders of Emma E. Booker Elementary in Sarasota FTA. When he arrived at the school he had been whisked (2)_ a holding room: National Security Advisor Condoleezza Rice needed to (3)_ to him. But he soon appeared in the classroom and listened (4)_ as the children went through their
3、 reading drill. As he was getting ready to pose (5)_ pictures with the teachers and kids, chief of staff Andy Card entered the room, walked (6)_ to the President and whispered in Ms right ear. The President“s face became (7)_ tense and serious. (8)_ nodded, Card left and for several minutes the Pres
4、ident seemed distracted and somber but then he (9)_ his interaction with the class. “Really good readers, whew!“ he told (10)_ “These must be six-graders!“ Meanwhile, in the room (11)_ Bush was scheduled to give his remarks, about 200,people, (12)_ local officials, school personnel and students, wai
5、ted under the hot lights., Word of the crash began to (13)_ reporters called their editors, but details were sparse until someone (14)_ there was a TV in a nearby office. The President finally entered, about 35 minutes later, and (15)_ his brief comments. “This is a (16)_ time for America,“ he began
6、. He ordered a massive (17)_ to “hunt down the folks (18)_ committed this act.“ Meanwhile the bomb dogs took a few extra passes through Air Force One, and an extra fighter escort was added. (19)_ the President too was going to have trouble (20)_ home.（分数：40.00）A.to introduceB.introducedC.introducing
7、D.being introducedA.intoB.forC.inD.atA.talkB.speakC.sayD.discussA.appreciativelyB.attentively.C.happilyD.absent-mindedlyA.toB.fromC.atD.forA.overB.forwardC.backwardD.soonA.visuallyB.visiblyC.virtuallyD.vitallyA.CardB.SheC.HeD.TheyA.assumedB.resumedC.consumedD.assuredA.the teachersB.themC.the kidsD.b
8、othA.thatB.whenC.whereD.in thatA.in additionB.includingC.excludingD.exceptA.circulateB.speakC.appearD.keepA.traced backB.rememberedC.memorizedD.conceivedA.presentedB.tookC.hadD.madeA.horribleB.terribleC.difficultD.frighteningA.experimentB.researchC.examinationD.investigationA.andB.whoC.thatD.whatA.B
9、utB.InsteadC.FurthermoreD.DespiteA.to helpB.gettingC.to getD.helping二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._One key answer to the problem of finding and
10、 keeping customersand turning their good will into salesis having good customer relationship management (CRM). CRM“s goal is to create a cooperation among sales, marketing, and customer-service activities within an organization in order to obtain and retain customers. CRM on the Internete-CRMuses We
11、b technology to create such a cooperation. E-CRM means different things to different companies. Some enter e-CRM through traditional contact-management and sales-force automation software from such vendors as Gold Mine Software Corp. or Interact Commerce Corp. Many companies see e-CRM as a natural e
12、xtension of their call centers. In an ideal system, historical information, such as customers“ buying preferences, or circumstantial information, such as customer-contract volumes, can launch actions and data screens. Finally, companies with corporate enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems see e
13、-CRM as a natural part of computer-facilitated management. You don“t need to begin on a grand scale; you can take small steps toward a comprehensive e-CRM system with experienced contact management companies such as Commence Corp. Gold Mine Software Corp., Interact Commerce Corp., and Multiactive So
14、ftware. GoldMine 5.0 is aimed at teams of 1 to 50 users who want to track, refer, and act on telephone and e-mail contacts from customers. The users needn“t reside on a local network to coordinate an action. All each user needs is an IP address. Gold Mine Front Office offers templates for specific i
15、ndustries; these define roles and relationships and include rules for workflow processes. Similarly, Interact Commerce Corp. has a multi-layer product family, including ACT2000 and SalesLogix2000. Each can integrate the activities of sales, marketing, and support teams. Smaller organizations can als
16、o take advantage of the services of dot-com companies such as and UpS, which focus primarily on sales-force automation. These companies will put your basic e-CRM services online for under $50 per user per month. On the downside, you don“t get much customization or integration. Some e-CRM companies
17、have fewer options, and often concentrate on vertical markets. Janna Systems, for example, specializes in e-CRM solutions for the financial services industry. Some companies, such as eGain Communications Corp. and Talisma Corp. specialize in e-mail based CRM and offer both hosted and online services
18、. Socrates Technologies Corp. takes the online ASP approach and offers the SalesLogix2000 suite on the Web along with other e-business applications.（分数：10.00）(1).In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by（分数：2.00）A.posing a contrast.B.making a comparison.C.explaining a term.D.defin
19、ing an invention.(2).Companies working on CRM aim at（分数：2.00）A.getting and keeping customers and thus promoting sales.B.controlling the activities of sales, marketing and customer service.C.taking advantage of the web technology to improve business performance.D.enhancing their competitive ability a
20、nd upgrading their customer service.(3).To which of the following statements would the author most likely agree?（分数：2.00）A.GoldMine Software Corp. is a model of successful e-CRM.B.ERP is more advanced than e-CRM which is commonplace in computer-facilitated management.C.To get the service from experi
21、enced companies, you need your own IP and an accessible local network.D.ACT2000 is an e-CRM software with the function of integrating sales, marketing and customer support.(4).The phrase “On the downside“(Paragraph 4) denotes（分数：2.00）A.in an advantageous aspect.B.in a downward direction.C.in a disad
22、vantageous aspect.D.on a downward path.(5).We learn from the passage that dot-com companies（分数：2.00）A.usually focus on a specific aspect of e-CRM.B.offer perfect service to smaller organizations at a low rate.C.have more advantages in both hosted and online services.D.provide different services for
23、different enterprises from those offered by larger companies.The energy crisis, which is being felt around the world, has dramatized how the careless use of the earth“s resources has brought the whole world to the brink of disaster. The over-development of motor transport, with its increase of more
24、cars, more highways, more pollution, more suburbs, more commuting, has contributed to the near-destruction of our cities, the breakup of the family, and the pollution not only of local air but also of the earth“s atmosphere. The disaster has arrived in the form of the energy crisis. Our present situ
25、ation is unlike war, revolution or depression. It is also unlike the great natural disasters of the past. Worldwide resources exploitation and energy use have brought us to a state where long-range planning is essential. What we need is not a continuation of our present serious state, which endanger
26、s the future of our country, our children, and our earth, but a movement forward to a new norm in order to work rapidly and effectively on planetary problems. This country has been falling back under the continuing exposures of loss morality and the revelation that lawbreaking has reached into the h
27、ighest places in the land. There is a strong demand for moral revival and for some devotion that is vast enough and yet personal enough to enlist the devotion of all. In the past it has been only in a way in defense of their own country and their own ideals that people have been able to devote thems
28、elves wholeheartedly. This is the first time that we have been asked to defend ourselves and what we hold dear in cooperation with all the other inhabitants of this planet, who share with us the same endangered air and the same endangered oceans. There is a common need to reassess our present course
29、, to change that course and to devise new methods through which the world can survive. This is a priceless opportunity. To grasp it we need a widespread understanding of nature if the crisis confronting us and the world is no passing inconvenience, no byproduct of the ambitions of the oil-producing
30、countries, no environmentalists“ mere fears, no byproduct of any present system of government. What we face is the outcome of the invention of the last four hundred years. What we need is a transformed life style. This new life style can flow directly from science and technology, but its acceptance
31、depends on a sincere devotion to finding a higher quality of life for the world“s children and future generation.（分数：10.00）(1).Which condition does the author feel has nearly destroyed our cities?（分数：2.00）A.Lack of financial planning.B.The breakup of the family.C.Natural disasters in many regions.D.
32、The excessive growth of motors.(2).According to the author, what is one example of our loss of morality?（分数：2.00）A.Disregard for law.B.Lack of devotion.C.Lack of cooperation.D.Exploitation of resources.(3).By comparing past problems with present ones, the author draws attention to the（分数：2.00）A.sign
33、ificance of this crisis.B.inadequacy of governments.C.similarity of the past to the present.D.hopelessness of the situation.(4).What contribution does the author feel people must make now?（分数：2.00）A.Search for new energy sources.B.Ban motor transportation.C.Accept a new life style.D.Adopt a new form
34、 of government.(5).The author wrote the passage in order to（分数：2.00）A.call for cooperation of the whole world.B.inform the readers of the fact that we are facing energy crisis.C.recommend a new life style.D.call for devotion to the nature and our future generation.Science is the never-ending struggl
35、e to find truth. You may dismiss this statement as the rambling of an amateur philosopher, but it holds some practical value. Truth is a temporary phenomenon. It is limited by human communication systems, technology, and skills. For example, during the Dark Ages in Europe, the world was perceived as
36、 flat. This flatness was acceptable as “truth“ because travel and human knowledge of celestial phenomena were so limited that no other concept was needed. A family lived in a small area and confined its activity to a small region. This region appeared to be flat, so for all practical purposes, the e
37、arth was flat, too. When travel and exploration became widespread, and especially when ships were able to sail far out on the Atlantic, the vision of a flat earth had to change. Many observations of stars and planets and of ships“ movements at sea led to new principles and to a new truth. Those who
38、were in the position to do so could exploit the new truth about the earth“s shape and turn it into riches. The Spanish, knowing they would not fall off the edge of a flat earth, found the New World and brought gold and silver back to Spain. The situation has not changed much since the Dark Ages. Tru
39、th is still sought because it has value, and the scientific method remains the most systematic way of pursuing it. The method starts with a problem. Once the problem is well defined, information that might have an effect on it is gathered. The information is sorted and analyzed, and that which is us
40、eful is keptto be used as a basis for general principles. In the social sciences, the principles are often used to help formulate policies. The policies ultimately are aimed at removing the problem and improving people“s lives. In economics (and in other social sciences), the pursuit of truth is slo
41、wed because human behavior cannot be subjected to the kinds of controlled experiments that are possible with white rats and guinea pigs. The economist must follow the steps in a search for new truths about economic behavior, but following them is frustrating and often leads up blind alleys. Neverthe
42、less, problems, facts, principles, and policies must be considered in a systematic way.（分数：10.00）(1).What can we infer from the fact that the world was perceived as flat?（分数：2.00）A.Most people during the Dark Ages were illiterate.B.People during the Dark Ages were lacking in social knowledge.C.Peopl
43、e today were more knowledgeable than those during the Dark Ages.D.People“s cognition of the world was related to the scientific development.(2).What does the author mean by “turn it into riches“(Paragraph 1)?（分数：2.00）A.Make lots of profits.B.Make the land more fertile.C.Help poor people become riche
44、r.D.Turn the land into an area of gold.(3).According to the passage, truth（分数：2.00）A.is often found by chance.B.has little effect on people“s life.C.will never be changed since it is found.D.may be changed as more and more information about the earth is gathered.(4).Policies in the social sciences t
45、arget to（分数：2.00）A.lay the foundation of finding new truth.B.lay the foundation of fining new principles.C.solve some practical problems existing in human lives.D.analyze problems occurring along the development of societies.(5).The writer suggests that the way of finding new truths about economic b
46、ehavior（分数：2.00）A.should better be conducted systematically.B.has nothing to do with the way of finding new principles.C.should be opposite to the way of finding economic principles.D.is similar to the way of finding new principles in that both are conducted casually.The age at which young children
47、begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Until recently, child psychologists supported pioneer developmentalist Jean Piaget in his hypothesis that because of their im
48、maturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for offences on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences cause. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, the
