1、考研英语-865 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、On his fifty-fifth b(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.fleeB.freeC.freshD.fresco2.（分数：0.50）A.to findB.knowC.seeD.to know3.（分数：0.50）A.overgrownB.overrideC.overflowD.overcrowded4.（分数：0.50）A.in the rearB.in frontC.in advanceD.on the he
2、ad5.（分数：0.50）A.stayedB.stayingC.livedD.living6.（分数：0.50）A.a littleB.a fewC.someD.anyway7.（分数：0.50）A.implantingB.impellingC.improvingD.impending8.（分数：0.50）A.arrivedB.came toC.reasonedD.reduced9.（分数：0.50）A.was givenB.was providedC.was orderedD.was offered10.（分数：0.50）A.largeB.longC.wideD.big11.（分数：0.50
3、）A.reloadB.releaseC.relaxD.relate12.（分数：0.50）A.guardedB.protectedC.escortedD.watched13.（分数：0.50）A.goalB.goatC.gaolD.gale14.（分数：0.50）A.withB.forC.awayD.of15.（分数：0.50）A.so asB.so thatC.in order thatD.for the purpose16.（分数：0.50）A.astonishedB.fearedC.beatenD.tortured17.（分数：0.50）A.somebodyB.anyoneC.someo
4、neD.the officers18.（分数：0.50）A.approximatingB.appreciatingC.approachingD.apprehending19.（分数：0.50）A.asB.likeC.sameD.similar20.（分数：0.50）A.ofB.becauseC.forD.at三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.In terms of making decisions, the human brain cannot be comp
5、ared with the computer because_（分数：2.00）A.in the long process of evolution the slow pace of life didnt require such an ability of the human brainB.the human brain is influenced by other factors such as motivation and emotionC.the human brain may sometimes freeze up in a dangerous situationD.computer
6、s imitate life while the human brain does not imitate computers22.Though he thinks highly of the development of computer science, the author doesnt mean that_Acomputers are likely to become a new form of intelligent lifeB. human beings have lost control of computersC. the intelligence of computers w
7、ill eventually surpass that of human beingsD. the evolution of intelligence will probably depend on that of electronic brains（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.What do you suppose was the attitude of Dr. Samuel Johnson towards ladies preaching?_（分数：2.00）A.He believed that ladies , ere born worse preachers than men
8、B.He was pleased that ladies could preach, though not as well as menC.He disapproved of ladies preachingD.He encouraged ladies to preach24.Today, computers are still inferior to man in terms of_（分数：2.00）A.decision makingB.drives and feelingsC.growth of reasoning powerD.information absorption25.Accor
9、ding to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?_（分数：2.00）A.Future man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and bloodB.Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a manC.The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of manD.Future intelligent life may not n
10、ecessarily be made of organic matter六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Which of the following best states the main point of the passage?_（分数：2.00）A.The approach of psychohistorians to historical study is currently in vogue even though it lacks the rigor and verifiability of traditional historical methodB.Tr
11、aditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings ofpsychohistoriansC.Areas of sociological study such as childhood and work are of little interest to traditionalhistoriansD.History is composed of unique and nonrepeating events that must be individually analyzed on the basis
12、 of publicly verifiable evidence27.It can be inferred from the passage that one way in which traditional history can be distinguished from psychohistory is that traditional history usually_（分数：2.00）A.views past events as complex and having their own individualityB.relies on a single interpretation o
13、f human behavior to explain historical eventsC.interprets historical events in such a way that their specific nature is transcendedD.turns to psychological explanations in historical contexts to account for events28.Which of the following does the author mention as a characteristic of the practice o
14、f psychohistorians?_（分数：2.00）A.The lives of historical figures are presented in episodic rather than narrative formB.Archives used by psychohistorians to gather material are not accessible to other scholarsC.Past and current events are all placed within the same deterministic schemaD.Events in the a
15、dult life of a-historical figure are seen to be more consequential than arethose in the childhood of the figure29.The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?_（分数：2.00）A.What are some specific examples of the use of psychohistory in historical interpretation?B.Whe
16、n were the conventions governing the practice of traditional history first established?C.What sort of historical figure is best suited for psychohistorical analysis?D.What is the basic criterion of historical evidence required by traditional historians?30.It can be inferred from the passage that the
17、 methods used by psychohistorians probably prevent them from_（分数：2.00）A.presenting their material in chronological orderB.producing a onesided picture of an individuals personality and motivationsC.uncovering alternative explanations that might cause them to question their own conclusionsD.offering
18、a consistent interpretation of the impact of personality on historical events七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.A lie detector find out that the subject is telling a lie_（分数：2.00）A.by detecting and analyzing the subjects physical changesB.by increasing the subjects pulse rate, sweating and breathing rateC.b
19、y analyzing the answers of the subject to certain questionsD.All of the above32.What do Charles Honts laboratory studies suggest?_（分数：2.00）A.Highly-educated college students can beat the polygraphB.College students do not want to beat the polygraphC.Polygraph is reliableD.Polygraph failed to detect
20、the lies of college students33.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?_（分数：2.00）A.Lie detection evidence has been barred in US military courts since President Bush banned it in 1991B.Really guilty defendants are more clever than college studentsC.Leonard Saxe believes tha
21、t people are more nervous lying than telling the truthD.David Faigman is against the use of lie detection evidence in US courts34.Why has President Bushs ban on lie detector evidence in military courts in 1991 been overturned?_（分数：2.00）A.Because lie detection is surrounded by uncertaintiesB.Because
22、it restricts the defendants rights to prove that they are innocentC.Because 12 states also allow lie detection evidence to be heard in courtsD.Because federal judges from the Supreme Court make their decisions on the basis of lie detection evidence35.According to the passage, which organizations rai
23、sed the proposal to stop the practice of lie detection evidence in military court?_（分数：2.00）A.Federal GovernmentB.US Supreme CourtC.Department of JusticeD.Military Courts八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.Frederick IIs experiment was_（分数：2.00）A.to prove that children are born with the ability to speakB.to d
24、iscover what language a child would speak without hearing any human speechC.to find out what role careful nursing would play in teaching a child to speakD.to prove that a child could be damaged without learning a language37.The most probable reason for some children backward in speaking is_（分数：2.00）
25、A.they are incapable of learning language rapidlyB.they are exposed to too much language at onceC.their mothers respond inadequately to their attempts to speakD.their mothers are not intelligent enough to help them38.What is incredible about a child is that_（分数：2.00）A.he is born with the capacity to
26、 speakB.he has a brain mole complex than an animalsC.he can produce his own sentencesD.he owes his speech ability to good nursing39.If a child starts to speak later than others, he will_ in future.（分数：2.00）A.have a high IQB.be less intelligentC.be insensitive to verbal signalsD.not necessarily be ba
27、ckward40.Which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?_（分数：2.00）A.The faculty of speech is inborn in manB.Encouragement is anything but essential to a child in language learningC.The childs brain is highly selectiveD.Most children learn their language in definite stages九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.
28、00)十、Forty years ago, a h(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Do animals have righ(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、
29、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.1. inform your illness;2. provide doctors certificate;3. try to resume your study after recovery.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Martin“ instead. You do not need to write the address. ( 10 points)（分
30、数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.1. Spring Festival is a wonderful time of a year to spend with ones family.2. Spring Festival is also a great time for students to visit old friends.3. It is also a nice time by yourself（分数：20.00）_考研英语-865 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0
31、.00)二、On his fifty-fifth b(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.fleeB.free C.freshD.fresco解析：setfree“释放”，为固定搭配。2.（分数：0.50）A.to findB.knowC.seeD.to know 解析：该句意为，当一个年轻的警官从警车出来，想知道有什么问题，Marl 敏捷地从他的右耳下方将他刺死。3.（分数：0.50）A.overgrownB.overrideC.overflowD.overcrowded 解析：该句意为，人不太多，在这个小州的 30 个拥挤的监狱中的 20 个各挑出一个。overcro
32、wded“拥挤的”。4.（分数：0.50）A.in the rearB.in frontC.in advance D.on the head解析：该句意为，没有人被事前告知他即将获得自由。in advance“事前”，符合题意。5.（分数：0.50）A.stayedB.stayingC.livedD.living 解析：该句意为，他是个反应迟钝的人，没有健在的亲戚，除了狱友，没有其他朋友。living“活着的，健在的”。6.（分数：0.50）A.a little B.a fewC.someD.anyway解析：Sink a little“稍作思考”。表示抽象意义用“little”。7.（分数：
33、0.50）A.implantingB.impellingC.improvingD.impending 解析：impending“迫近，即将发生的”，符合题意。(A)implanting“灌输”；(B)impelling“迫使的”(C)improving“改善的”。8.（分数：0.50）A.arrivedB.came to C.reasonedD.reduced解析：come to a decision 为固定短语，意为“作出一个决定”。9.（分数：0.50）A.was given B.was providedC.was orderedD.was offered解析：该句意为，Mario 没有机
34、会向任何人告别，而警卫护送他到监狱大门，祝他平安。give opportunity to somebody“给某人以机会”。10.（分数：0.50）A.largeB.long C.wideD.big解析：该句意为，他们在监狱待了很长时间。表示长时间应用“long”11.（分数：0.50）A.reloadB.release C.relaxD.relate解析：release prisoner 为习惯用法，意为“释放罪犯”。例如，Four prisoners were released四名犯人被释放了。12.（分数：0.50）A.guardedB.protectedC.escorted D.wat
35、ched解析：escort“护送”。13.（分数：0.50）A.goalB.goatC.gaol D.gale解析：该句意为，他在监狱中渡过了几乎三分之一的生命，以刺死一个警察为由被判终身监禁。 (A)goal“球门”；(B)goat“山羊”；(C)gaol“监狱”；(D)gale“大风”。ingaol“在监狱中”。14.（分数：0.50）A.withB.forC.awayD.of 解析：absence of“缺乏，没有”，这里意为“来往的交通、不停的噪音、看不到监狱牢固的围墙，这些使他感到惧”。15.（分数：0.50）A.so as B.so thatC.in order thatD.for
36、 the purpose解析：so as to“如此以至于”，后面接表示目的的动词不定式。16.（分数：0.50）A.astonished B.fearedC.beatenD.tortured解析：该句意为，当有一天 Mario 惊讶地被叫到办公室，并被告知他将第二天被释放。17.（分数：0.50）A.somebodyB.anyone C.someoneD.the officers解析：否定句中用 anyone。18.（分数：0.50）A.approximatingB.appreciatingC.approaching D.apprehending解析：see something approa
37、ching“看见某物靠近”。该句意为，最后他看见一辆警车靠近。19.（分数：0.50）A.asB.likeC.same D.similar解析：ofthe same age“同一年龄”。例如，We are of the Same age我们一样大。20.（分数：0.50）A.ofB.becauseC.for D.at解析：表示原因用“for”。可以表示原因又可以用于提出说明，语气比 because 轻得多。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.In terms o
38、f making decisions, the human brain cannot be compared with the computer because_（分数：2.00）A.in the long process of evolution the slow pace of life didnt require such an ability of the human brain B.the human brain is influenced by other factors such as motivation and emotionC.the human brain may som
39、etimes freeze up in a dangerous situationD.computers imitate life while the human brain does not imitate computers解析：第四段第二句指出，由于人类的生活节奏很慢，人类的大脑具有固有的缺陷，不能同时接受多项信息并迅速决策。22.Though he thinks highly of the development of computer science, the author doesnt mean that_Acomputers are likely to become a new
40、form of intelligent lifeB. human beings have lost control of computersC. the intelligence of computers will eventually surpass that of human beingsD. the evolution of intelligence will probably depend on that of electronic brains（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：第五段第一句指出尽管计算机的能力在以惊人的速度提高，我们仍处于控制地位。23.What do you
41、 suppose was the attitude of Dr. Samuel Johnson towards ladies preaching?_（分数：2.00）A.He believed that ladies , ere born worse preachers than menB.He was pleased that ladies could preach, though not as well as menC.He disapproved of ladies preaching D.He encouraged ladies to preach解析：第一段第一句指出，Samuel
42、Johnson 在谈到妇女布道说教时，感到非常惊讶。24.Today, computers are still inferior to man in terms of_（分数：2.00）A.decision makingB.drives and feelings C.growth of reasoning powerD.information absorption解析：第三段第一句作者认为计算机缺少生物的能动性和情感。25.According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?_（分数：2.00）A.Future
43、 man will be made of silicon instead of flesh and bloodB.Some day it will be difficult to tell a computer from a manC.The reasoning power of computers has already surpassed that of manD.Future intelligent life may not necessarily be made of organic matter 解析：最后一段指出，一种新的物种可能由人类产生，超过人类的成就。只有热心碳合物者认为新的
44、物种应该是人类血肉的后裔；新的智能生命更可能来自于硅元素。可见未来智能生命不一定是由有机物构成。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.Which of the following best states the main point of the passage?_（分数：2.00）A.The approach of psychohistorians to historical study is currently in vogue even though it lacks the rigor and verifiability of traditional historica
45、l method B.Traditional historians can benefit from studying the techniques and findings ofpsychohistoriansC.Areas of sociological study such as childhood and work are of little interest to traditionalhistoriansD.History is composed of unique and nonrepeating events that must be individually analyzed
46、 on the basis of publicly verifiable evidence解析：本文主要讨论心理历史学给历史研究带来的变革，第三段将心理历史学与传统历史学作了比较。第四段指出了心理历史学的随意性同时有悖于传统历史学原则。(A)传达了本文的主旨。27.It can be inferred from the passage that one way in which traditional history can be distinguished from psychohistory is that traditional history usually_（分数：2.00）A.views past events as complex and having their own individuality B.relies on a single interpretation of human behavior to explain historical eventsC.interprets historical events in such a way that their specific nature is transcendedD.turns to psychological explanations in historical contexts to a
