1、考研英语-6 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.Culture itself must be transmitted, and the most effective way is through the family. Parents teach their ch
2、ildren the ideas and traditions they U U 1 /U /Ufrom their own parents. For this reason the U U 2 /U /Ubecame increasingly important; the practical applications of cultural tradition, such as hunting for food, U U 3 /U /Uchildren and tending the sick, may have been the obvious methods to use when mo
3、re than one family came together in a joint activity.Families provide friends, people who can be trusted, and trust can be U U 4 /U /Uthrough intermarriage. Thus the whole societies come to be formed, in which the relationships between kin act U U 5 /U /Uguidelines for daily behavior and establish i
4、mportant social values. Sometimes traditional ways even become U U 6 /U /Uinto laws. The original reasons may be lost, but a process is U U 7 /U /U.The society survives where others fail U U 8 /U /Uits members behavior is controlled for the benefit of all U U 9 /U /Ulaws, customs, and traditional be
5、liefs.Furthermore, in cultural traditions U U 10 /U /Ufrom generation to generation, humans have a kind of cultural capital on which to draw. By U U 11 /U /Uaccount of past wisdom we can look into the future and plan for events that are not always U U 12 /U /U. The fact that we make U U 13 /U /Urepe
6、atedly to a standard pattern, and use them to make other tools, U U 14 /U /Uus clearly from other animals. It indicates cultural factors at work U U 15 /U /Uinstinct. A sea otter may learn to break shellfish open with rocks, but it will not U U 16 /U /Uto change an unsatisfactory stone. The differen
7、ce U U 17 /U /Uthe power of the human brain not only to U U 18 /U /Uthe outside world, to see and react to it, but also to conceive of what it might be. That is-to U U 19 /U /Ua world unseen and unknown, and to foresee possibilities within it. Imagination enables us to U U 20 /U /Uour own world.（分数：
8、10.00）(1). A. obtained B. learned C. procured D. acquired（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2). A. school B. society C. parents D. family（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3). A. educating B. rearing C. training D. bringing（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4). A. weakened B. supposed C. reinforced D. increased（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5). A. as B. from C.
9、with D. like（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6). A. civilized B. formalized C. categorized D. centralized（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7). A. recorded B. found C. established D. reversed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8). A. but B. so C. though D. because（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9). A. for B. by C. in D. from（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10). A. passed B. co
10、me C. moved D. delivered（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11). A. making B. giving C. taking D. keeping（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12). A. convenient B. possible C. available D. predictable（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13). A. tools B. fires C. food D. clothes（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14). A. tells B. differs C. distinguishes D. identities（分数：0
11、.50）A.B.C.D.(15). A. but B. besides C. than D. beyond（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16). A. attempt B. experiment C. strive D. struggle（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17). A. holds up B. lies in C. rests with D. contributes to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18). A. perceive B. recognize C. sense D. observe（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19). A. assume B
12、. dream C. imagine D. guess（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20). A. make B. create C. invent D. design（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BText 1/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In an ideal world, the nations elite schools would enroll the most qualified students. But thats not how it work
13、s. Applicants whose parents are alumni get special treatment, as so athletes and rich kids. Underrepresented minorities are also given preference. Thirty years of affirmative action have changed the complexion of mostly white universities; now about 13 percent of all undergraduates are black or Lati
14、no. But most come from middle-and upper middle-class families. Poor kids of all ethnicities remain scarce. A recent study by the Century Foundation found that at the nations 146 most competitive schools, 74 percent of students came from upper-middle-class and wealthy families, while only about 5 per
15、cent came from families with an annual income of roughly $ 35,000 or less.Many schools say diversityracial, economic and geographicis key to maintaining intellectually vital campuses. But Richard Kahlenberg of the Century Foundation says that even though colleges claim they want poor kids, “they don
16、t try very hard to find them.“ As for rural students, many colleges dont try at all. “Unfortunately, we go where we can generate a sizable number of potential applicants, “ says Tulane admissions chief Richard Whiteside, who recruits aggressivelyand in person-from metropolitan areas. Kids in rural a
17、reas get a glossy brochure in the mail.Even when poor rural students have the grades for top colleges, their high schools often dont know how to get them there. Admissions officers rely on guidance counselors to direct them to promising prospects. In affluent high schools guidance counselors often h
18、ave personal relationships with both kids and admissions officers. In rural areas, a teacher, a counselor or even an alumnus “can help put rural students on our radar screen,“ says Wesleyan admissions dean Nancy Meislahn. But poor rural schools rarely have college advisers with those connections; wi
19、thout them, admission “ Ucan be a crapshoot,/U“ says Carnegie Mellons Steidel.In the past few years some schools have begun to open that door a little wider. At MIT its something of a mission for Marilee Jones, the dean of admissions. Twenty years ago, 25 percent of each MIT class was first-generati
20、on college goers from poor backgrounds who used the celebrated engineering school as a ticket out of the blue-collar world. Five years ago, when that number dipped below 10 percent, Jones began scouring the country for bright kids, and then paired the potential applicants with MIT faculty and studen
21、ts who could answer questions about college life. In four years Jones has doubled the number of poor first-generation students at MT.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, American schools _. A. favor the most competent students B. enroll the children of their alumni C. dont conform to some nationa
22、l law D. discriminate against lower-class students（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Colleges go to cities to enroll students because _. A. they think students in urban areas have more intellectual potential B. they dont want to travel far to search for applicants in rural areas C. students in rural areas may hav
23、e many economic problems D. it is much easier to find enough prospective students in cities（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).By saying “can be a crapshoot“ (Line 6, Para.3), the author suggests _. A. rural students have an access to college B. poor rural students cant afford admission fees C. it is very hard for
24、 rural students to go to college D. poor rural schools are not on good terms with colleges（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).At MIT, many first-generation poor students _. A. were grateful to the college for their enrollment B. regarded the college as an opportunity to change fate C. were glad to get away from th
25、eir poor families D. got some help from MIT faculty and students（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following might Marilee Jones agree with? A. Colleges should spare no efforts to look for brilliant poor students. B. Renowned universities certainly attract brilliant poor students. C. Colleges can ben
26、efit greatly from the enrollment of poor students. D. Many colleges have realized the importance of enrolling poor students.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Business travelers used to be the cash cows of the hotel business. Armed with corporate credit cards and expense accounts, theyd hap
27、pily lay down hundreds of dollars per night for the privilege of a Godiva chocolate on their pillow and a sunken whirlpool tub in their bathroom. But just as prolonged corporate belt tightening has forced road warriors to use budget airlines, more and more of them are now eschewing five-star lodging
28、 in favor of cheaper accommodations. Indeed, earlier this year the US-based National Business Travel Association released figures showing that 61 percent of corporate travel managers planned to book their people into lower-priced hotels in the coming year.Heres the good news: penny-pinching is trans
29、lating into better deals at cheap and up-market hotels alike. Services at middle-market hotels are rising to accommodate a new wave of more demanding corporate customers. And luxury hotels are working harder to keep business travelers coming, offering lower rates, special packages and extra services
30、. Even though business-travel volume is set to rise by more than 4 percent in 2004 after three dismal years, hotels will continue to be under pressurein large part because a weak dollar is forcing American business travelers to search for value.Some of the best deals are coming from the big chains.
31、In January Starwood Hotels announced it would upgrade its global middle-market brand, Four Points, by rolling out free high-speed wireless Internet access in all guest rooms. On the flip side, upscale brands like Inter Continental and Ritz Carlton are selling empty rooms at discount rates via online
32、 services. That has the effect of depressing luxury-room prices, because corporate travel managers can now demand that hotels match their own discount prices all the time. Inter Continental hotels in France and Germany have been hit so hard that they are actually repricing their rooms to reflect rat
33、es before the dollar began falling. Upscale hotels like Waldorf-Astoria, Sofitel are also trying to offer extra services.But beware of new, hidden fees. In an effort to make up some of their fast revenue, hotels are starting to charge corporate travelers for things that used to be freeincluding brea
34、kfast, banquet or meeting rooms.Aside from saving companies money, the trend in frugal business travel may give rise to a whole new market segment: the buy-to-let hotel room. Last week in London, British property developer Johnny Sandelson launched GuestInvest, a hotel in Notting Hill where users ca
35、n purchase a room for 235,000, use it for a maximum of 52 nights a year themselves, then rent it out the rest of the time to make extra money. It seems an idea whose time has come: GuestInvest says it has already fielded hundreds of calls from business people interested in making a cheaper hotel the
36、ir second home.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, business travelers used to _. A. take budget airlines B. book lower-priced hotels C. enjoy privileges in hotels D. be customers of luxurious hotels（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How do hotels react to the penny-pinching policy? A. They have to raise their
37、 rates. B. They charge more on extra services. C. They offer better deals for travelers. D. They are suffering successive dismal.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Travelers can now demand hotels to match their own prices because _. A. travelers only have limited budget B. hotels are trying hard to keep good busi
38、ness C. hotels are trying to depress their prices D. travelers demand far extra services（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Compared with traditional hotels, the buy-to-let hotel _. A. provides better room and service B. attracts more attentions from travelers C. costs less and can be profitable D. make travelers
39、feel more at home（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Traditional hotels will suffer more pressure than they used to. B. GuestInvest has made a great success. C. Business travelers will spend less time in hotels. D. Traditional hotels will lose many customers.（分数：2.0
40、0）A.B.C.D.六、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Harvard University plans to spend at least $ 50 million over the next decade to create a more diverse academic community in all disciplines, including throughout the sciences. President Lawrence Summers announced the outlay this week after receiving two reports c
41、ommissioned in February following his comments about the ability of women to do science, which triggered a national debate.The initiative will tackle all aspects of gender and minority issues, from the safety of women working late at night at research labs to the need for a high-level advocate withi
42、n the Harvard administration. Such a comprehensive strategy is essential, say the chairs of the two task forces that reported to Summers. “Women need to see careers in science as desirable and realistic life choices,“ says Barbara Grosz, a computer scientist who led one of the task forces that focus
43、ed on science and engineering. A second task force, led by science historian Evelynn Hammonds, examined challenges facing all women faculty.Outside researchers are impressed with the breadth of the recommendations.“ This is very encouraging,“ says Donna Nelson, a chemist at the University of Oklahom
44、a, Norman, who tracks the status of women and minority academic scientists. “If they can implement this, they can take a leadership role.“Harvard has long been criticized by its lack of diversity of science faculty in several disciplines, a situation made worse by Harvards decentralized structure an
45、d its policy not to grant tenure to junior faculty, task force members said. Last year, for example, 4 women and 28 men in the school of arts and sciences received tenure offers. But the long-simmering issue did not come to a head until Summerss comments at a January workshop on women in science bec
46、ame public. The resulting outcry triggered a faculty vote of no confidence in Summers, who apologized repeatedly.Hammondss committee called for a senior provost for diversity and faculty development to work with Harvard deans to promote gender and ethnic equity. Harvard Provost Steven Hyman hopes to
47、 name that person-who likely would come from within Harvardby September. The panel also proposed two funds, one to provide partial salary support for hiring scholars who increase diversity, the second to fund their labs. It said Harvard should begin to gather systematic data on faculty hiring, retention, and other measures and make the academic culture more family-friendly, through enhanced maternity leave practices, child-care support, and adjustments to the tenure clock. Groszs panel urged the university to set up summer research programs f
