1、考研英语-575 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Cigarettes can serio(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.（分数：0.50）A.splashedB.droppedC.fellD.dripped2.（分数：0.50）A.ashB.assC.asD.ah3.（分数：0.50）A.formallyB.normallyC.morallyD.formerly4.（分数：0.50）A.singleB.uniqueC.rareD.only5.（分数：0.50）A.itB.thatC.whic
2、hD.what6.（分数：0.50）A.destroyingB.destroyedC.destructedD.destructing7.（分数：0.50）A.armadaB.lineC.fleetD.group8.（分数：0.50）A.whatB.thatC.whichD.it9.（分数：0.50）A.struckB.foughtC.struggledD.trial10.（分数：0.50）A.luckB.unluckyC.luckyD.unfortunate11.（分数：0.50）A.stillB.everC.neverD.yet12.（分数：0.50）A.evacuatedB.slipC.r
3、unD.rush13.（分数：0.50）A.remindersB.notesC.diariesD.warning14.（分数：0.50）A.sparkB.flashC.blazeD.glow15.（分数：0.50）A.wetB.dryC.drierD.driest16.（分数：0.50）A.chemicalsB.substanceC.chemistryD.element17.（分数：0.50）A.roseB.riseC.raiseD.raised18.（分数：0.50）A.setsB.columnsC.rowsD.arrays19.（分数：0.50）A.mainB.largeC.majorD.
4、principal20.（分数：0.50）A.experimentB.trialC.experienceD.event三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Text 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.The work of a completely uneducated farmer is as important as a professor because_.（分数：2.00）A.without education all of us would live a more meaningless life
5、B.without farmers we would have to grow crops ourselvesC.without farmers we should die of food shortageD.without farmers we would have to do housework ourselves22.All of us must be educated to understand or realize that_.（分数：2.00）A.the more people with university degrees we have, the better life we
6、will haveB.we couldnt live without educationC.everyone should have a chance to be educated at universities or collegesD.one should choose his job according to his ability23.Education should be various because_.（分数：2.00）A.people are rich or poor, clever or foolishB.free education for all doesnt workC
7、.life is variedD.people have different professional backgrounds24.Our purpose of educating children is to_.（分数：2.00）A.accustom them to varied lifeB.choose a proper system of educationC.educate them only for the aim of educating themD.make them intelligent citizens25.Free education for all is not eno
8、ugh because_.（分数：2.00）A.the system of free education fails to solve all the problems of a societyB.the more education people receive, the fewer jobs there areC.people with degrees consider themselves superior to those working with their handsD.people with degrees refuse to do physical work六、Text 2(总
9、题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The estimates in Economic Outlook show that in rich countries_.（分数：2.00）A.heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD.oil price changes have no significant impact on G
10、DP27.From the text we can see that the writer seems_.（分数：2.00）A.optimisticB.sensitiveC.gloomyD.scared28.We can draw a conclusion from the text that_.（分数：2.00）A.oil-price shocks are less shocking nowB.inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC.energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD.th
11、e price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry29.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_.（分数：2.00）A.price of crude risesB.commodity prices riseC.consumption risesD.oil taxes rise30.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price i
12、s_.（分数：2.00）A.global inflationB.reduction in supplyC.fast growth in economyD.Iraqs suspension of exports七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.According to those who support mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because_.（分数：2.00）A.cost reduction is based on competitionB.services call for cross-trade coordinati
13、onC.outside competitors will continue to existD.shippers will have the railway by the throat32.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that_.（分数：2.00）A.shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB.there will soon be only one railroad company nationwideC.overcharged shippers are unlikely to ap
14、peal for rate reliefD.a government board ensures fair play in railway business33.According to the text, the cost increase in the rail industry is mainly caused by _.（分数：2.00）A.the continuing acquisitionB.the growing trafficC.the cheering Wall StreetD.the shrinking market34.The word“ arbiters“ (Line
15、6,Paragraph 4) most probably refers to those_.（分数：2.00）A.who work as coordinatorsB.who function as JudgesC.who supervise transactionsD.who determine the price35.What is many captive shippers attitude towards the consolidation in the rail industry? _.（分数：2.00）A.IndifferentB.SupportiveC.IndignantD.App
16、rehensive八、Text 4(总题数：5，分数：10.00)36.The main idea of this passage is_.（分数：2.00）A.studies on the cause of cancerB.controversial viewpoints in the cause of cancerC.the relationship between electricity and cancerD.different ideas about the effect of electricity on cancer37.It can be inferred from physi
17、cal phenomenon _.（分数：2.00）A.the force of the electromagnetic field is too weak to be harmfulB.the force of the electromagnetic field is weaker than the electric field that the cells generateC.electromagnetic field may affect healthD.only more powerful radiation can knock electron out of human body38
18、.Why did the Pentagon and White House object to the release of the report? Because_.（分数：2.00）A.it may stir a great deal of debate among the Bush AdministrationB.every unit of the modern military has depended on the heavy use of some kind of electronic equipmentC.the Pentagons concern was understanda
19、bleD.they had different arguments39.What do you think ordinary citizens may do faster reading the different arguments?_.（分数：2.00）A.They are indifferentB.They are worried very muchC.C .They may exercise prudent avoidanceD.They are shocked40.The viewpoint of the EPA is _.（分数：2.00）A.there is casual lin
20、k between electricity and cancerB.electricity really affects cancerC.controversialD.low frequency electromagnetic field is a possible cause of cancer九、Part B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Laura, who was in fi(总题数：5，分数：10.00)41.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_42.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_43.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_44.（分数：2.00）填空项 1:_45.（分数：2.00）填空
21、项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十二、Psychologically ther(总题数：5，分数：10.00)46.（分数：2.00）_47.（分数：2.00）_48.（分数：2.00）_49.（分数：2.00）_50.（分数：2.00）_十三、Section Writing(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十四、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)51.亲爱的先生：我在今天的西安晚报上看到贵公司招聘电气技术员的广告，有兴趣申请到贵公司工作。如蒙惠寄更为详细资料、告之空缺职务、贵公司拟付薪水及录用条件，我将不胜感激。可否请同时惠告贵公司对资历的要求?期盼回复。此致
22、敬礼西安高等专科学校电气工程系(210053)李明2000年 7月 19日2000/7/19Dear sirs,I saw _in todays Xian Evening and _with you.I would be grateful if_ of the jobs available, the rates of Could you also let me know_._Yours faithfullyLi Ming（分数：10.00）_十五、Part B(总题数：1，分数：20.00)52.Write an essay of 160200 words based on the follo
23、wing drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)（分数：20.00）_考研英语-575 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Cigarettes can serio(总题数：20，分数：10.00)1.
24、（分数：0.50）A.splashedB.dropped C.fellD.dripped解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Asplashed 溅湿，飞溅 Bdropped 投放，放下，掉下 Cfell 下降 Ddripped(使)滴下文中提出把水和减缓火势的化学药品，只能是投放到火灾区。因此选 B。 2.（分数：0.50）A.ash B.assC.asD.ah解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Aash 灰，(pl)骨灰 Bass 驴，愚人 Cas Dah 感叹词(表快乐、悲伤、吃惊、哀鸣)该题根据上下文，容易选出答案 A。3.（分数：0.50）A.formallyB.normally C.mora
25、llyD.formerly解析：考核知识点 形似词辨析解析 Aformally 正式地，形式上，拘泥礼仪 Bnormally 正规地，正常地 Cmorally 道德上地，有道德地 Dformerly 以前的，从前根据题意“按照常规，现在应该是雨季，但雨却很少”，可见 A、C、D 均不符合题意。4.（分数：0.50）A.single B.uniqueC.rareD.only解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析解析 Asingle Bunique Crare Donly文中提到，消防队员认为大火是由一根丢弃的香烟引起的，选项中只有 A符合。5.（分数：0.50）A.it B.thatC.whichD.wh
26、at解析：考核知识点 指代关系解析 Ait Bthat Cwhich Dwhat该句前面讲到往年这个时候应是雨季，但今年的 12月份却只有 1毫米的降雨量，可见这都在讲天气，所以此处应选 A。it 指代天气和其后的 driest 构成双宾语。6.（分数：0.50）A.destroyingB.destroyed C.destructedD.destructing解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析解析 Adestroying Bdestroyed Cdestructed Ddestructing选项中 destroy为“破坏，毁坏，消灭”，而 destruct一般指“自毁”。可见只有 B符合。7.（分数
27、：0.50）A.armadaB.lineC.fleet D.group解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Aarmada 舰队(西班牙无敌舰队) Bline 线，直线 Cfleet 船只，舰队，团或队 Dgroup 团或队，群，组，集团该题很容易排除 A、B 选项，而 C常用 a fleet of. 表示汽车队或飞机队，可见只有 C符合。8.（分数：0.50）A.what B.thatC.whichD.it解析：考核知识点 语法知识解析 Awhat Bthat Cwhich D. it本句中 of后应是一宾语从句，而引导宾语从句的词还应在句中作 take宾语，可见只有 A符合。9.（分数：0.50
28、）A.struckB.foughtC.struggled D.trial解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Astruck 打，撞击 Bfought Cstruggled 努力，奋斗，挣扎 Dtrial 审判，考验根据题意应是讲 800名消防官兵奋战大火，只有 C符合。10.（分数：0.50）A.luckB.unluckyC.lucky D.unfortunate解析：考核知识点 上下文语篇知识解析 Aluck Bunlucky Clucky Dunfortunate根据前面 Mary Titus所说的话，应选 C1ucky“幸运的”。11.（分数：0.50）A.stillB.ever C.nev
29、erD.yet解析：考核知识点 副词用法解析 Astill Bever Cnever Dyet选项 A用于现在时态，B 可用于过去，现在和将来时态，C、D 语义不通，因此选 B。12.（分数：0.50）A.evacuated B.slipC.runD.rush解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Aevacuated 疏散，撤出 Bslip 滑到，悄悄塞入 Crail Drush 冲奔根据题意，650 多人应该是撤出或被疏散，只有 A符合。13.（分数：0.50）A.reminders B.notesC.diariesD.warning解析：考核知识点 上下文语义环境解析 Areminders 提示
30、物或人，备忘录 Bnotes 通知，注释，便条 Cdiaries 日记 Dwarning 警告根据上句内容，Mary Titus 写下的应该是提醒自己以后面对类似情况的反应，可见应是备忘录，因此只有 A。14.（分数：0.50）A.sparkB.flashC.blaze D.glow解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析解析 Aspark 火花，火星，闪光 Bflash 闪光，闪现Cblaze 火焰，烈火，大火 Dglow 赤热，红光，光辉全篇都在讲述一场大火，所以此处只能选 C。 15.（分数：0.50）A.wetB.dryC.drierD.driest 解析：考核知识点 上下文逻辑关系解析 Awet
31、 Bdry Cdrier Ddriest根据上下文，很容易排除 A、B、C。16.（分数：0.50）A.chemicals B.substanceC.chemistryD.element解析：考核知识点 词汇辨析解析 Achemicals 化学药品 Bsubstance 物质，实质Cchemistry 化学(作用) Delement 元件，元素根据文章内容，投放到火灾区的只能是化学药品，只有它能缓解火势，因此选 A。 17.（分数：0.50）A.rose B.riseC.raiseD.raised解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析及时态解析 Arose Brise Craise Draised选项中
32、 A、B 为不及物动词，C、D 为及物动词，烟柱升起应是不及物动词，再有. and sent. 可见and 两边对等，所有答案为 A。18.（分数：0.50）A.setsB.columns C.rowsD.arrays解析：考核知识点 词汇搭配解析 Asets 套，组 Bcolumns 柱，烟柱，专栏 Crows 排 Darrays 整列，排列本题涉及词汇知识，从搭配中很容易看出 columns of smoke 烟柱。19.（分数：0.50）A.main B.largeC.majorD.principal解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析解析 Amain 最重要的，主要的 Blarge 多数的，广
33、大的 Cmajor 较大的(数、量、程度)，主要的 Dprincipal 首要的，主要的“ main homes“为常见表达法“主要住宅区”。20.（分数：0.50）A.experimentB.trialC.experience D.event解析：考核知识点 近义词辨析解析 Aexperiment 实验 Btrial 审判，考验 Cexperience 经验(历)，体验 Devent 事件该句前句讲到主要住宅区和牧场遭受野火的破坏，可见这是种经历或经验，只有 C合题意。三、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Te
34、xt 1(总题数：5，分数：10.00)21.The work of a completely uneducated farmer is as important as a professor because_.（分数：2.00）A.without education all of us would live a more meaningless lifeB.without farmers we would have to grow crops ourselvesC.without farmers we should die of food shortage D.without farmers
35、 we would have to do housework ourselves解析：考核题型 细节题解析 本题可用排除法得出答案为 C，另外在第三段第二句中以及第五段第二句作者提出对 C的同义转述。22.All of us must be educated to understand or realize that_.（分数：2.00）A.the more people with university degrees we have, the better life we will haveB.we couldnt live without educationC.everyone shoul
36、d have a chance to be educated at universities or collegesD.one should choose his job according to his ability 解析：考核题型 细节题解析 该题答案在最后一段，作者在这段中指出每个人都可以从事适合于自己能力的任何工作。23.Education should be various because_.（分数：2.00）A.people are rich or poor, clever or foolishB.free education for all doesnt workC.life
37、is varied D.people have different professional backgrounds解析：考核题型 细节题解析 本文在首段第四句中用一倒装句 life is varied；so is education 意为“生活是多样化的，教育也是如此”。可见答案只能是 C。24.Our purpose of educating children is to_.（分数：2.00）A.accustom them to varied lifeB.choose a proper system of educationC.educate them only for the aim o
38、f educating themD.make them intelligent citizens 解析：考核题型 细节题解析 文章在第一段第二句中提到我们并非仅仅为了教育孩子而教育孩子，我们的目的是要使他们适应生活，可见适应生活要有能力，从而选择答案 D。25.Free education for all is not enough because_.（分数：2.00）A.the system of free education fails to solve all the problems of a societyB.the more education people receive, th
39、e fewer jobs there areC.people with degrees consider themselves superior to those working with their hands D.people with degrees refuse to do physical work解析：解析 答案可从第二段第五句后找出，文中指出有大学学历的人数远远超过所愿从事工作的需要量，而这些人由于有学历而拒绝做那些他们认为是“低下”的工作。可见只有 C合题意。六、Text 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)26.The estimates in Economic Outlook
40、 show that in rich countries_.（分数：2.00）A.heavy industry becomes more energy-intensiveB.income loss mainly results from fluctuating crude oil pricesC.manufacturing industry has been seriously squeezedD.oil price changes have no significant impact on GDP 解析：考核题型 细节题解析 作者在第四段中提到如果油价与 1998年的 13美元每桶相比，连续
41、一年价格都维持在 22美元每桶的话，这也只会使发达国家的石油进出口支出在 GDP中所占的比例增加 0.250.5 个百分点，可见油价的上涨也并没有对这些发达国家的 GDP有什么重大影响，因此答案为 D。27.From the text we can see that the writer seems_.（分数：2.00）A.optimistic B.sensitiveC.gloomyD.scared解析：考核题型 作者观点题解析 文中总体讲述油价上涨并没有给人们带来多大的恐慌，可见作者是抱以乐观态度，所以答案为A。28.We can draw a conclusion from the tex
42、t that_.（分数：2.00）A.oil-price shocks are less shocking now B.inflation seems irrelevant to oil-price shocksC.energy conservation can keep down the oil pricesD.the price rise of crude leads to the shrinking of heavy industry解析：考核题型 推断题解析 本文中作者在第一、二两段均提到油价上涨，而在接下来的三段中用大量事实表明如今的油价上涨并不会给经济带来太大影响，那么看来油价上涨
43、带来的恐慌已经没有过去那么严重了。因此答案为 A。29.It can be inferred from the text that the retail price of petrol will go up dramatically if_.（分数：2.00）A.price of crude risesB.commodity prices riseC.consumption risesD.oil taxes rise 解析：考核题型 推理题解析 作者在第三段末句中提到，多数国家原油价格只占汽油价格的一小部分，而税收却占了五分之四。由此可以推断要使汽油价格大幅度上涨，就只能使税收上涨，答案为 D
44、。30.The main reason for the latest rise of oil price is_.（分数：2.00）A.global inflationB.reduction in supply C.fast growth in economyD.Iraqs suspension of exports解析：考核题型 细节题解析 作者在第一段提到自从欧佩克在 3月决定减少原油供应，油价就上涨了以及第二段中又提到由于伊拉克暂停石油出口，使油价进一步上涨。不难看出主要原因应是 B。七、Text 3(总题数：5，分数：10.00)31.According to those who su
45、pport mergers, railway monopoly is unlikely because_.（分数：2.00）A.cost reduction is based on competitionB.services call for cross-trade coordinationC.outside competitors will continue to exist D.shippers will have the railway by the throat解析：考核题型 细节题解析 作者在第二段中提到那些支持组建大型铁路集团的人认为，兼并有好处。但在公路运输激烈竞争面前，垄断的威
46、胁已经不复存在。可见即使铁路合并，仍然存在其它方面的竞争。所以答案为 C。32.It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that_.（分数：2.00）A.shippers will be charged less without a rival railroadB.there will soon be only one railroad company nationwideC.overcharged shippers are unlikely to appeal for rate relief D.a government board ensures fair play in ra
