1、考研英语-421 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、Smoking, which may b(总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.linkedB.connectedC.associatedD.joined2.(分数:0.50)A.“No smoking“B.“Non - smoker“C.“No smoke“D.“Non - smoke“3.(分数:0.50)A.makeB.persuadeC.sayD.talk4.(分数:0.50)A.pleadingB.beggingC.su
2、ggestingD.calling5.(分数:0.50)A.concernB.troubleC.interestD.displeasure6.(分数:0.50)A.thenB.thereforeC.subsequentlyD.so7.(分数:0.50)A.involuntarilyB.differentlyC.directlyD.reluctant8.(分数:0.50)A.alertB.awakeC.awareD.informed9.(分数:0.50)A.endureB.sufferC.undergoD.put10.(分数:0.50)A.entirelyB.totalC.justD.hole1
3、1.(分数:0.50)A.prohibitedB.stoppedC.suppressedD.prevented12.(分数:0.50)A.playingB.demonstratingC.showingD.exhibiting13.(分数:0.50)A.headB.heartC.mindD.sense14.(分数:0.50)A.willB.shouldC.mayD.must15.(分数:0.50)A.onB.inC.withD.to16.(分数:0.50)A.toB.aboutC.withD.of17.(分数:0.50)A.StillB.MoreC.AgainD.Further18.(分数:0.
4、50)A.ThenB.FurtherC.HoweverD.Moreover19.(分数:0.50)A.withB.forC.inD.on20.(分数:0.50)A.likelyB.probableC.capableD.possible三、Section Reading Co(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、Text 1(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.The author wants to write _.(分数:2.00)A.a clog bookB.a cat bookC.a dog and cat bookD.a dog and a ca
5、t book22.Dogs and cats are similar in that _.(分数:2.00)A.people can use them for huntingB.they are associated with man closelyC.they have the same way of livingD.they are equally liked by people23.Cats, according to the author, _.(分数:2.00)A.are not domestic animals at allB.are fiercer than dogsC.are
6、both meek and independentD.can sometimes be very hostile to people24.The passage concludes that _.(分数:2.00)A.dogs are more domesticated than catsB.dogs are more lovable animals than catsC.though different, dogs and cats have their charmsD.both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one house25.We can
7、infer from the passage that the author _.(分数:2.00)A.prefers dogs to catsB.prefers cats to dogsC.likes dogs as well as catsD.likes neither dogs nor cats六、Text 2(总题数:5,分数:10.00)26.In the Renaissance, it was _ that greatly expand literacy.(分数:2.00)A.the religious reformsB.the translation and populariza
8、tion of the BibleC.the availability of printing technology and cheap paperD.the renovations of the teaching methods27.From the first paragraph we know _.(分数:2.00)A.it is fairly easy to determine literacyB.there is no illiteracy in a rich familyC.history sees an even progress towards literacyD.in his
9、tory literacy suffers ups and downs28.The last paragraph is mainly about _.(分数:2.00)A.the religious movements that promoted the literacy of the publicB.the new progress towards literacy initiated by democratic societyC.modern political movement towards a more democratic societyD.political movements
10、at the end of the Middle Ages fighting illiteracy29.According to the passage, what is the major driving force behind the progress toward more literacy?(分数:2.00)A.The amount of education.B.The availability of reading materials.C.The economic development.D.The necessity to read.30._ ,There was a reviv
11、al in literacy.(分数:2.00)A.The early Middle AgesB.The late Middle AgesC.The Middle AgesD.None of all七、Text 3(总题数:5,分数:10.00)31.In a department store, the purpose of showing clients bait priced items is to _.(分数:2.00)A.demonstrate the bad quality of these itemsB.get them to purchase some other article
12、sC.earn some dirty money from these itemsD.persuade them to buy what they don t really need32.In a bidding deal, _.(分数:2.00)A.the buyer search from place to place for desired objectB.the government selects the best itemsC.the government transacts with an individualD.the sellers compete with each oth
13、er for the bid33.We learn from the second paragraph, _.(分数:2.00)A.reducing cost is the surest way to increase profitsB.profits depend on how fast goods are movingC.fair markup promise the greatest profitsD.lower markup brings reasonable profits34.Odd even pricing method _.(分数:2.00)A.is often used wi
14、th very expensive itemsB.is only effective on potential car customersC.is the most popular way of pricing a productD.is the most effective way of selling low-priced products35.If you want to sell a car about $ 80,000, you d better set the price at _.(分数:2.00)A.¥80,000B.¥75,000C.¥78,000D.¥79,995八、Tex
15、t 4(总题数:5,分数:10.00)36.It is obvious that the opinion of famous people _.(分数:2.00)A.is often ignored by the publicB.is seldom expressed to the pointC.is often imposed on the publicD.has a strong influence on people37.The second paragraph is mainly about _.(分数:2.00)A.the influence of gender on people
16、s viewB.the influence of people s status on their viewC.the influence of living standard on people s viewD.the influence of different ranks on people s view38.Which of the following is TRUE .according to the passage?(分数:2.00)A.TV programs have a strong influence on governmental policy.B.Chats on tel
17、evisions are chief means for running for presidency.C.More and more people show interest in politics because of TV.D.Before the use of TV, people showed little interest in politics.39.The opinions of the people are controlled by several factors: _.(分数:2.00)A.individual circumstancesB.the mass mediaC
18、.special interest groups, and opinion leadersD.A1L of them40.The expression “follow the headlines“ shows _.(分数:2.00)A.people seldom have time to read newspaper articlesB.people think the headlines contain the most important informationC.people often get their opinions from newspapers or televisionD.
19、most people look on newspapers or TV as misleading九、Part B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十、Earthquakes may righ(总题数:5,分数:10.00)41.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_42.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_43.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_44.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_45.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十二、Immediately after th(总题数:5,分数:10.00)46.(分数:2.00)_47.(分数:2.00)_48.(分
20、数:2.00)_49.(分数:2.00)_50.(分数:2.00)_十三、Section Writing(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十四、Part A(总题数:1,分数:10.00)51.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Wang Ling“ instead.(10 points)(分数:10.00)_十五、Part B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)52.You should write about 160-
21、200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)(分数:20.00)_考研英语-421 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、Smoking, which may b(总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.linkedB.connectedC.associatedD.joined 解析:试题分析 本题是一道近义词辨析题。详细解答 link 的含义为“联系”,搭配介词为 with;connect 含义为“连结”,搭配介词为 to和with;as
22、sociate 的含义为“将联系起来”,搭配介词为 with;join 的含义为“参加”搭配介词为“in”。因此正确答案为 D。2.(分数:0.50)A.“No smoking“ B.“Non - smoker“C.“No smoke“D.“Non - smoke“解析:试题分析 本题是一道理解题。详细解答 此处根据上下文要填入“不许吸烟”一词。C 项、D 项的用法不对,B 项的含义为“不吸烟者”;A 项含义为“不许吸烟”。因此正确答案为 A。3.(分数:0.50)A.makeB.persuade C.sayD.talk解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 make 的含义为“做,使
23、”;persuade 的含义为“劝说”;say 的含义为“说”;talk 的含义为“交谈”。根据此处文意,B 项最合适。4.(分数:0.50)A.pleadingB.beggingC.suggestingD.calling 解析:试题分析 本题是一道介词搭配题。详细解答 本题要求填一个与“on”相搭配使用的词语。plead 的含义为“再三恳求、请求”与“with”搭配;beg 的含义为“乞求,露恳求”与“for”搭配;suggest 的含义为“建议”是及物动词;call on的含义为“恳求或促使某人(做某事)”。因此,本题正确为 D。5.(分数:0.50)A.concern B.trouble
24、C.interestD.displeasure解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 concern 的含义为“焦虑、关心”;trouble 的含义为“麻烦”;interest 的含义为“兴趣”;displeasure 的含义为“不乐意,不愉快”。根据句意,此处选 A项最合适。6.(分数:0.50)A.thenB.therefore C.subsequentlyD.so解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 then 的含义为“然后”;therefore 的含义为“因此”;subsequently 的含义为“后来,随后”;so 的含义为“所以”。根据上下文,此处选 B最合适。7
25、.(分数:0.50)A.involuntarily B.differentlyC.directlyD.reluctant解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 involuntarily 的含义为“非有意地,不自觉地”;differently 的含义为“不相同地”;directly的含义为“直接地”;reluctant 的含义为“勉强的。”此处要求填入副词,因此正确答案为A。8.(分数:0.50)A.alertB.awakeC.aware D.informed解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 alert 的含义为“警觉的,机警的”;awake 的含义为“醒着的”;awar
26、e 的含义为“意识到的”;informed 的含义为“被通知剖的”。根据句意,此处选 C最合适。9.(分数:0.50)A.endureB.suffer C.undergoD.put解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 endure 的含义为“忍受,忍耐”;suffer 的含义为“受苦,吃苦头”;undergo 的含义为“接受,承受”;put 的含义为“使处于某种状态”。根据句意;此处选 B最合适。10.(分数:0.50)A.entirely B.totalC.justD.hole解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 entirely 的含义为“完全地”;total 的含义为
27、“完全的,全部的”just 的含义为“正好,恰好”;whole 的含义为“整个,的”。根据文意,此处要填个副词,因此 A项为正确答案。11.(分数:0.50)A.prohibited B.stoppedC.suppressedD.prevented解析:试题分析 本题是一道近义词辨析题。详细解答 prohibit 的含义为“禁止”;Stop 的含义为“使停止”;suppress 的含义为“镇压,平定”;prevent 的含义为“防止”。根据文意,此处选 A项最合适。12.(分数:0.50)A.playingB.demonstratingC.showing D.exhibiting解析:试题分析
28、 本题是一道近义词辨析题。详细解答 本题是要填入一个与“film”相搭配的动词。play 的含义为“玩,玩耍”;demonstrate 的含义为“示范,集会”;show 的含义为“表演”;exhibit 的含义为“展览”。根据上下文,此处选 C项最合适。13.(分数:0.50)A.headB.heartC.mind D.sense解析:试题分析 本题是一道搭配题。详细解答 本题是要填入适合与 have sth/sbin搭配的词。四个选项中,C 项可以与之搭配构成“have sb/sthin mind”,含义为“考虑某人(某事物)”。因此正确答案为 C。14.(分数:0.50)A.willB.s
29、houldC.may D.must解析:试题分析 本题是一道理解题。详细解答 此处要表达的含义是“在一些可能有火险的地方禁止吸烟”。will 的含义是“将”,should的含义为“必要”;may 的含义为“可能”;must 的含义为“必须”。因此,根据上下文意,此处选 C最合适。15.(分数:0.50)A.on B.inC.withD.to解析:试题分析 本题是一道介词搭配题。详细解答 本题是要填入一个与 effect相搭配的介词。当 effect表达“(对事物的)效应,结果,影响”时,与之搭配的介词为“on“。因此,本题的正确答案为 A。16.(分数:0.50)A.toB.aboutC.wi
30、thD.of 解析:试题分析 本题是一道介词搭配题。详细解答 本题是要填入一个与“the health”相搭配的介词。表示所属相关的介词一般都用“of”。此处,考生从后面“but also of those who”也可以得出 D项为正确答案。17.(分数:0.50)A.StillB.MoreC.AgainD.Further 解析:试题分析 本题是一道同义辨析题。详细解答 此处要填一个副词,still 的含义为“然而,尽管这样”;more 的含义为“越来越,更加”;again的含义为“再一次,又一次”;further 含义为“此处,而且更进一步地”。根据句意,此处选 D项最合适。18.(分数:
31、0.50)A.ThenB.Further C.HoweverD.Moreover解析:试题分析 本题是一道词义辨析题。详细解答 then 的含义为“然后,以后”;further 的含义为“进一步地,此外,而且”;however 的含义为“然而”;moreover 的含义为“再说,而且”。根据上下文意,此处选 B项最合适。19.(分数:0.50)A.withB.for C.inD.on解析:试题分析 本题是一道介词搭配题。详细解答 本题要求填入一个与“concern”相搭配的介词。concern 作名词表示“对的担心,关切”时,与之搭配的介词用“for”。因此,本题的正确答案为 B。20.(分数
32、:0.50)A.likelyB.probableC.capableD.possible 解析:试题分析 本题是一道近义词辨析题。详细解答 likely 的含义为“预期的,可能的”;probable 的含义为“有望发生或实现的”;capable的含义为“有能力实现的”;possible 的含义为“能够做到的,可能的,合理的”。根据句意此处选 D项最合适。三、Section Reading Co(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、Text 1(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.The author wants to write _.(分数:2.00)A
33、.a clog bookB.a cat bookC.a dog and cat book D.a dog and a cat book解析:试题分析 这是一道文章细节分析题。详细解答 由文章最后一段“Business like friends have advised me to write a dog book and a cat book separately,because dog lovers often dislike cats and cat lovers frequently abhor dogsBut l consider it the finest test of genui
34、ne love and understanding of animals if a person has sympathies for both these creatures,and can appreciate in each its own special virtue”可知,作者并不想把猫和狗分开写。因此答案 C是对的。22.Dogs and cats are similar in that _.(分数:2.00)A.people can use them for hunting B.they are associated with man closelyC.they have the
35、 same way of livingD.they are equally liked by people解析:试题分析 这是一道事实分析题。详细解答 A 文章第一段提到它们的共同处:它们不是作为人的囚徒,不像马、牛被强行豢养,它们均属于食肉动物(carnivore),它们都以其猎取能力为人所用。猫与狗虽然有许多共同点,但在许多方面,特别是在与人的关系方面二者有天壤之别 (as different as the night from the day)。从第二段第二句可知,猫与狗的生活方式也不同,从最后一段我们知道,作者既喜欢狗也喜欢猫,但这不等于说所有的人都是这样。23.Cats, accor
36、ding to the author, _.(分数:2.00)A.are not domestic animals at allB.are fiercer than dogsC.are both meek and independent D.can sometimes be very hostile to people解析:试题分析 这是一道事实分析题。详细解答 C 文章第二、三段描述了猫的某些性格特征。第二段第二句指出,猫虽然与人共处已久,其本性却改变甚微。许多人认为,除了几种珍奇类外,猫根本不能算是家养动物,而是一种彻头彻尾的野生动物。在作者看来,这种说法有些道理。在保持其独立性的同时,它
37、栖身在人居住的地方,仅仅是因为那里老鼠更多。猫没有与人建立密切的关系,当它在谷仓内猎取老鼠时,它表现得像虎豹一样桀骜不驯(uncompromising independence);当它轻柔地摩挲着女主人的腿或满意地睡在火炉旁时,它却依然保持着自己的神秘感与疏远心理(remote),这正是猫的魅力(the appeal of the cat)所在。第三段第一句指出,对作者来说,打着呼噜睡在火炉旁的猫象征着心理的平静与安全感。24.The passage concludes that _.(分数:2.00)A.dogs are more domesticated than catsB.dogs a
38、re more lovable animals than catsC.though different, dogs and cats have their charms D.both dogs and cats can be kept as pets in one house解析:试题分析 这是一道文章主旨分析题。详细解答 从文章中不难看出作者对猫和狗是同样的喜爱。猫和狗有着它们各自的特点,但它们都是一样很有魅力的。同时作者认为是否二者都受到怜爱并被欣赏,是检验人们对动物是否真正热爱和理解的最好标准。因此答案 C是正确的。25.We can infer from the passage tha
39、t the author _.(分数:2.00)A.prefers dogs to catsB.prefers cats to dogsC.likes dogs as well as cats D.likes neither dogs nor cats解析:试题分析 这是一道事实分析题。详细解答 C 作者指出,他既喜欢自己房间里的猫,也喜欢跟在身后的狗。自他长大以后,他的身边总是有猫也有狗。许多人喜欢其一而不喜欢其二,但是,在他看来,是否二者都受到怜爱并被欣赏,是检验人们对动物是否真正热爱和理解的最好标准。六、Text 2(总题数:5,分数:10.00)26.In the Renaissanc
40、e, it was _ that greatly expand literacy.(分数:2.00)A.the religious reformsB.the translation and popularization of the BibleC.the availability of printing technology and cheap paper D.the renovations of the teaching methods解析:试题分析 这是一道事实分析题。详细解答 C 意为:“印刷技术的进步和纸张的便宜”。第四段实际上谈的也是文艺复兴时期文化的进步,众所周知,文艺复兴时期欧洲
41、的文化获得空前的普及和提高。27.From the first paragraph we know _.(分数:2.00)A.it is fairly easy to determine literacyB.there is no illiteracy in a rich familyC.history sees an even progress towards literacyD.in history literacy suffers ups and downs 解析:试题分析 这是一道段落大意概括题。详细解答 D 意为:“文化水平历史上有起伏”。第一段指出,从古至今,文化水平的增长并非是一
42、帆风顺的(a story of unbroken progress),某个社会的人的阅读和写作水平受许多因素的制约,如:经济状况,阅读材料的多少,受教育机会(the amount of education available),阅读能力的实用性这一基本问题。第二段提到古希腊和古罗马人较高的文化水平,第三段提到中世纪人们文化水平的下降,以及文艺复兴以后文化水平的再次提高,等等,可见人们的文化水平并非随着时代直线上升。28.The last paragraph is mainly about _.(分数:2.00)A.the religious movements that promoted th
43、e literacy of the publicB.the new progress towards literacy initiated by democratic society C.modern political movement towards a more democratic societyD.political movements at the end of the Middle Ages fighting illiteracy解析:试题分析 这是一道段落大意概括题。详细解答 B 意为:“由民主社会促成的新的文化进步”。最后一段指出,所产生的广泛的宗教启蒙运动(religiou
44、s enlightenment)之后是几个世纪的政治启蒙。那些支持天赋人权(maternal rights of man)纲领的政治理论家号召向文盲宣战,政治革命特别是美国和法国的革命促进了一个新时代的诞生:为了其自身利益,各社会阶层的人被号召关心国家政策,在这种背景下,出现了文化普及运动。29.According to the passage, what is the major driving force behind the progress toward more literacy?(分数:2.00)A.The amount of education.B.The availabilit
45、y of reading materials.C.The economic development.D.The necessity to read. 解析:试题分析 这是一道事实分析题。详细解答 D 意为:“阅读的需要”。第二段第一句指出,在所有(制约文化水平的)因素中,实用性(usefulness)是关键的因素。从以下几段的分析不难看出,这里所说的实用性即指:学会阅读有什么直接用途。30._ ,There was a revival in literacy.(分数:2.00)A.The early Middle AgesB.The late Middle Ages C.The Middle
46、AgesD.None of all解析:试题分析 这是一道文章细节分析题。详细解答 由文章第三段“But in the late Middle Ages,in the period of the Renaissance,the great expansion of commerce and banking led to a revival in literacy for the same reason that had caused it to increase in the ancient world usefulness”可知,答案 B是正确的。七、Text 3(总题数:5,分数:10.00)31.In a department store, the purpose of showing clients bait priced items is to _.(分数:2.00)A.demonstrate the bad quality of these itemsB.get them to purchase some