1、考研英语-331 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、A common assumption (总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.uniqueB.unparalleledC.exclusiveD.only2.(分数:0.50)A.disorganizationB.breakdownC.malfunctioningD.disorder3.(分数:0.50)A.clarityB.transparencyC.densityD.purity4.(分数:0.50)A.calledB.dec
2、idedC.tookD.looked5.(分数:0.50)A.alternativeB.optionC.substituteD.preference6.(分数:0.50)A.ongoingB.outgoingC.precedingD.underway7.(分数:0.50)A.acquaintedB.admittedC.allowedD.permitted8.(分数:0.50)A.attributed toB.resulted fromC.followed byD.accounted for9.(分数:0.50)A.deprivationB.deformationC.deficiencyD.de
3、terioration10.(分数:0.50)A.engagementB.intercourseC.investmentD.involvement11.(分数:0.50)A.departureB.viewC.discussionD.debate12.(分数:0.50)A.specimenB.exampleC.designationD.sample13.(分数:0.50)A.retreatB.revokeC.withdrawD.recall14.(分数:0.50)A.withoutB.aboutC.forD.with15.(分数:0.50)A.thinkingB.supposingC.suppo
4、seD.given16.(分数:0.50)A.disadvantagedB.disabledC.discriminatedD.privileged17.(分数:0.50)A.desolateB.bleakC.ingeniousD.delicate18.(分数:0.50)A.conceivedB.maintainedC.retainedD.perceived19.(分数:0.50)A.toB.byC.withD.through20.(分数:0.50)A.In additionB.On the contraryC.In effectD.In general三、Section Reading Co(
5、总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Part A(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、Text 1(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.Besides applying for breathing space from creditors, managers in American firms can also(分数:2.00)A.take advantage of legal procedures.B.ask for the governments interventions.C.damage the creditors potential assets.D.talk with their ster
6、n debtors abroad.22.According to what is beyond the ability of Europes firms now is(分数:2.00)A.to have access to more relaxed approach to bankruptcy.B.to submit a plan of reorganization to a judge on request.C.to negotiate with their creditors when going bankrupt.D.to sell assets to others who might
7、manage them efficiently.23.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?(分数:2.00)A.The achievement of Lisbons goals would precede the elimination of chaos.B.The best way to help European firms may be to make it easier for them to fail.C.It is high time that the rigid bankruptcy laws in the U
8、.S. were radically changed.D.Shutting a weak American company means ending up with a big chunk of assets.24.One of goals set by the European Unions Lisbon summit is(分数:2.00)A.to strive for the lead in the worlds economy.B.to subject more companies to bankruptcy.C.to revise an approach to bankrupt st
9、ipulations.D.to have advantage over American firms.25.The word “weaklings“ (Paragraph 2) most probably means(分数:2.00)A.irrational creditors.B.competitive rivals.C.efficient negotiators.D.indebted firms.六、Text 2(总题数:5,分数:10.00)26.According to the author, the Saudi education system is characterized by
10、 its excessive emphasis on(分数:2.00)A.marketable skills.B.intellectual curiosity.C.traditional values.D.creative thinking.27.The wild behavior depicted in the first paragraph is intended to(分数:2.00)A.to advocate traditional values in Saudi.B.to introduce the change of Saudi youths.C.to criticize thei
11、r nonconformist image.D.to praise Saudi youth tactical retreat.28.What would the section following this text probably deal with?(分数:2.00)A.The higher proportion of local youths in the workforce.B.More restrictions placed on the private firms in Saudi.C.Another reason for the difficulty in managing p
12、eople pressure.D.The commitment to motivating youth participation in the task29.The word “lopsided“ (Paragraph 4) most probably means(分数:2.00)A.Detrimental.B.Misguided.C.Outdated.D.Disproportionate.30.The basic problem of people pressure facing the Saudi authority lies in(分数:2.00)A.its surging workf
13、orce.B.its religious values.C.its private firms.D.its rebellious youths.七、Text 3(总题数:5,分数:10.00)31.Which of the following can be a disadvantage of U.S. “Big Steel“ as pointed out in the text?(分数:2.00)A.Lower efficiency.B.Lack of protection.C.Corporate structures.D.Lobbyist addiction.32.According to
14、Anne Krueger, long-term government protection given to steel companies(分数:2.00)A.will increase the state wealth.B.will threaten trade monopoly.C.will raise their competitiveness.D.will ultimately hurt consumers.33.The authors attitude towards the measure adopted by the President seems to be that of(
15、分数:2.00)A.approval.B.optimism.C.opposition.D.indifference.34.The U.S. integrated steel companies complain that, to modernize their technologies, they are in need of(分数:2.00)A.the sacrifice from U.S. consumers.B.the governments financial support.C.the reduction of steel product prices.D.the compromis
16、e from the labor force.35.We can draw a conclusion from the text that the overall U.S. economy(分数:2.00)A.must guard against foreigners selling their steel at shocking prices.B.had difficulty in sustaining development in face of foreign competitors.C.can benefit enormously from the steel lower prices
17、 in world markets.D.took advantage of the governments protection to enhance efficiency八、Text 4(总题数:5,分数:10.00)36.Concerning health-care systems in Britain, the author is likely to agree to the statement that(分数:2.00)A.the Labor government conducted a review about how to cut down on costs.B.the money
18、 pouring into the NHS did bring with it productivity and quality.C.the problem of funds put into medical care should be thoroughly reexamined.D.the health-care systems in Britain will become the envy of the rest of the world.37.The basic problem of health-care systems in Britain as pointed out by th
19、e writer seems to lie in(分数:2.00)A.restrained freedom.B.shortage of funds.C.patients complaints.D.radical changes.38.The views of Alan Milburn and David Culter on the reforms of heal-care systems are(分数:2.00)A.compatible.B.opposite.C.complementary.D.identical.39.The proposed “alternative funding mod
20、els“ (Paragraph 2) might be more clearly based on(分数:2.00)A.cost-sharing between insurers and patients.B.moderate constraints on medical budgets.C.delivering consumers costs to tax-payers.D.generous allocations of money to hospitals.40.In contrast to Britain, France is funding their medical care(分数:
21、2.00)A.more extravagantly.B.more cautiously.C.more consistently.D.more reasonably.九、Part B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十、(41) What do you nee(总题数:5,分数:10.00)41.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_42.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_43.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_44.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_45.(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_十一、Part C(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十二、The long and progres(总题数:5,分数:10.00
22、)46.(分数:2.00)_47.(分数:2.00)_48.(分数:2.00)_49.(分数:2.00)_50.(分数:2.00)_十三、Section Writing(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十四、Part A(总题数:1,分数:10.00)51.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming“ instead. You do not need to write the address. (10 poin
23、ts)(分数:10.00)_十五、Part B(总题数:1,分数:20.00)52.“An Air-conditioner Price Battle“(分数:20.00)_考研英语-331 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、A common assumption (总题数:20,分数:10.00)1.(分数:0.50)A.unique B.unparalleledC.exclusiveD.only解析:考核知识点 形容词辨析解析 Aunique 独特的,惟一的 Bunparalleled 无比的,无双的
24、 Cexclusive 专用的,不公开的,排斥的 Donly 惟一的根据文意选 unique“独特的,惟一的”,其他不合文意或语法,only 作惟一的时,常作定语。2.(分数:0.50)A.disorganizationB.breakdownC.malfunctioning D.disorder解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Adisorganization 瓦解,解体 Bbreakdown 崩溃,衰弱 Cmalfunctioning 发生功能障碍,机能失常 D disorder 失调,混乱根据下文可知公立学校在管理运作上存在着问题,所以选 Cmalfunctioning“发生功能障碍,机能失
25、常”,其他不合文意。3.(分数:0.50)A.clarity B.transparencyC.densityD.purity解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Aclarity 清澈,清晰 Btransparency 透明 Cdensity 浓度,密度 Dpurity 纯度,纯洁本句意为:大多数家长利用透明度察觉到了这种差别,clarity 与 crystal 搭配,故选答案 A。4.(分数:0.50)A.called B.decidedC.tookD.looked解析:考核知识点 词组辨析解析 Acalled on 拜访,参观 Bdecided on 决定,选定 Ctook on 承担,呈现 D
26、looked on 旁观,看待研究者突然地参观了一些学校,因此选项 Acall on 合乎文意,其他不合乎文意。5.(分数:0.50)A.alternative B.optionC.substituteD.preference解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Aalternative 可供选择的事物,替换物 Boption 选择 Csubstitute 代替品 Dpreference 对的喜爱/偏爱这句是过渡句,在讲述公立学校的问题后,作者反问是否还有其他选择,进而过渡到这段主要讲述私立学校的好处。alternative 常与 to 连用,an alterative to sth/doing“对
27、某事的其他选择”,其他不合文意或搭配。option 常与 of 连用;substitute 常与 for 连用;preference 常与 to或 for 连用,在此处不合题意。6.(分数:0.50)A.ongoingB.outgoingC.precedingD.underway 解析:考核知识点 形容词辨析解析 Aongoing 正在进行的 Boutgoing 即将离职的,对人友好的 Cpreceding 在前的,前述的 Dunderway 起步的,进行中的此句意思为:印度正在进行几个开发项目。所以选 underway“在进行中,启动的”,其他不合文意或语法。 ongoing“进行的,前进的
28、”,通常作定语,如:ongoing negotiations“正在进行的谈判”。7.(分数:0.50)A.acquaintedB.admitted C.allowedD.permitted解析:考核知识点 动词辨析解析 Aacquainted 使认识,使了解 Badmitted 承认 Callowed 允许 Dpermitted 许可,允许本句意为:调查报告不情愿地承认私立学校没有上述的问题,所以选 B,其他不合文意。8.(分数:0.50)A.attributed to B.resulted fromC.followed byD.accounted for解析:考核知识点 词组辨析解析 Aat
29、tributed to 把归因于 Bresulted from 因造成 Cfollowed by 被效仿 Daccounted for 说明原因本句意为:教学水平的下降不是与教师有关,而是归因于简单的忽视。9.(分数:0.50)A.deprivationB.deformationC.deficiencyD.deterioration 解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Adeprivation 剥夺 Bdeformation 变形 Cdeficiency 缺乏,缺陷 Ddeterioration 恶化,变坏本句意为:教学水平的退化,故 D符合题意。10.(分数:0.50)A.engagementB
30、.intercourseC.investmentD.involvement 解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Aengagement 约定,订婚 Bintercourse 交往,交流 Cinvestment 投资 Dinvolvement 牵连,投入,参与根据短文主旨,应该鼓励私立机构参与对贫困阶层的服务,所以选 involvement“牵连,投入,参与”,其他不合文意。11.(分数:0.50)A.departure B.viewC.discussionD.debate解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Adeparture 启程,出发,离开 Bview 观点,看法 Cdiscussion 讨论 D
31、debate 辩论a point of departure 意为“新起点,出发点”;鉴于这句的过渡作用,其他选项不合逻辑。12.(分数:0.50)A.specimenB.exampleC.designationD.sample 解析:考核知识点 名词辨析解析 Aspecimen (动物或植物)标本,样本 Bexample 说明解释用的实例 Cdesignation 指明,指出 Dsample 抽样,样本 random sample 意为“随机选定的样本”,故选 Dsample,其他不合文意。13.(分数:0.50)A.retreatB.revokeC.withdraw D.recall解析:考
32、核知识点 动词辨析解析 Aretreat 使退出 Drevoke (正式)撤消(决定) Cwithdraw 使退出 Drecall 回忆,回想家长可以把孩子带走,所以选 withdraw“使退出”,其他不合文意。14.(分数:0.50)A.withoutB.aboutC.forD.with 解析:考核知识点 短语搭配解析 have/ be to do with 意为“跟有关”;be/have nothing to do with“跟无关”;do without“没有也行”。根据文意只能选 D。15.(分数:0.50)A.thinkingB.supposingC.supposeD.given 解
33、析:考核知识点 动词辨析解析 given 意为“供给,鉴于”,其他不合文意或语法要求。thinking 不合用法;supposing 和 suppose 的意思为“如果,假设”,通常接句子,在此处不合语法要求。16.(分数:0.50)A.disadvantaged B.disabledC.discriminatedD.privileged解析:考核知识点 形容词辨析解析 Adisadvantaged 不利条件,缺点 Bdisabled 使残废,使失去能力,丧失能力 Cdiscriminated 歧视 D privileged 有特权本题考察的是 the+形容词或过去分词形式表示一类人,下文反复
34、提到 the poor“穷苦人”,所以选disadvantaged,这里作“下层社会的,贫困的”讲,其他不合文意。17.(分数:0.50)A.desolateB.bleak C.ingeniousD.delicate解析:考核知识点 形容词辨析解析 Adesolate 荒凉的,无人烟的 Bbleak 荒凉的,凄凉的,黯淡的 Cingenious 机灵的,有独创性的 D delicate 精致的,微妙的根据文意,政府描绘了一幅公立学校对贫困生运转障碍的悲凉画面,即 paints a very bleak picture。所以选 B“荒凉的,没有希望的”,其他不合文意。18.(分数:0.50)A.
35、conceivedB.maintainedC.retainedD.perceived 解析:考核知识点 动词辨析解析 Aconceived 构思,怀孕 Bmaintained 维持,坚持 Cretained 保持 Dperceived 感知,觉察本句意为:大多数家长都清楚地看到政府学校与私立学校的差别,因此答案选 D。19.(分数:0.50)A.toB.byC.withD.through 解析:考核知识点 介词辨析解析 教师对管理者负责,通过管理者对家长负责,through“通过,利用”,其他不合文意。to 强调方向性;by“通过”,强调某种工具;with“和起”。20.(分数:0.50)A.
36、In additionB.On the contrary C.In effectD.In general解析:考核知识点 短语辨析及上下文逻辑关系解析 AIn addition 此外 BOn the contrary 相反,然而 CIn effect 实际上 DIn general 通常,大体上根据上句的 common assumption 和这句中的 opposite direction,可以确定这两句有转折关系,所以选 on the contrary“相反地”,其他不合逻辑。故答案选 B。三、Section Reading Co(总题数:0,分数:0.00)四、Part A(总题数:0,分
37、数:0.00)五、Text 1(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.Besides applying for breathing space from creditors, managers in American firms can also(分数:2.00)A.take advantage of legal procedures. B.ask for the governments interventions.C.damage the creditors potential assets.D.talk with their stern debtors abroad.解析:题干问:“在美国公
38、司的经理除了可以申请喘息的空间得到债权人的宽容外,还能。”根据文章对欧美公司的对比看出,美国公司有法律的援助,而欧洲公司没有,所以选择A。而选项B“要求政府干预”这是欧洲公司的,C“破坏债权人潜在的资产”文章中有重复概念的词汇,但是没有此含义,D“和比较严厉的债务人在国外进行和谈”与文章意思相反,原文讲的是债权不是债务,所以皆不符合题意。22.According to what is beyond the ability of Europes firms now is(分数:2.00)A.to have access to more relaxed approach to bankruptcy
39、.B.to submit a plan of reorganization to a judge on request.C.to negotiate with their creditors when going bankrupt. D.to sell assets to others who might manage them efficiently.解析:题干问:“根据本文,欧洲的公司现在还没有能力。”根据文章第 5自然段的明显阐述,这是欧美公司的对比,美国公司有的欧洲公司没有,所以选择“当他们破产的时候与他们的债权人讨论、协商”。而选项A“能够有权利获得破产的更加宽松的途径”,B“在需要
40、的时候把公司的计划交给法官”以及D“把资产卖给能有效管理的人”这些都是美国公司具有的,而不是欧洲公司具有的,所以皆不符合题意。23.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?(分数:2.00)A.The achievement of Lisbons goals would precede the elimination of chaos.B.The best way to help European firms may be to make it easier for them to fail. C.It is high time
41、 that the rigid bankruptcy laws in the U.S. were radically changed.D.Shutting a weak American company means ending up with a big chunk of assets.解析:题干问:“根据原文,下列正确的是。”本文的中心是“帮助欧洲的公司的最好途径就是如何使他们的破产变得容易或宽容一些”,选项B表达了此意思。而选项A“实现里斯本目标应该先消除暴乱”与原文意思相反, C“在美国,应该早就产生一种严格的破产法,对美国加以改变”原文指的是改变的不是美国,而是欧洲,D“关闭一家没有
42、能力的美国公司就意味着结束很多资产和债务”与原文事实不符,所以皆不符合题意。24.One of goals set by the European Unions Lisbon summit is(分数:2.00)A.to strive for the lead in the worlds economy. B.to subject more companies to bankruptcy.C.to revise an approach to bankrupt stipulations.D.to have advantage over American firms.解析:题干问:“欧联邦在里斯本
43、的最高会议的目的是。”本题考查的是文章的背景。从文章第一句看出,他们的目的是“想得到世界经济的主导地位”。而选项B“让更多公司破产”不符合原文题意,C“改变破产的方法”不是里斯本最高会议的目标,D“比美国公司更具有优势”在原文有提及,但不符合本题题意。25.The word “weaklings“ (Paragraph 2) most probably means(分数:2.00)A.irrational creditors.B.competitive rivals.C.efficient negotiators.D.indebted firms. 解析:题干问:“第 2自然段的weaklin
44、gs意思是。”根据第 2自然段的词汇概念的重复可以看出“weaklings”指“陷入债务的公司”。而选项A“不通情理的债权人”,B“有竞争力的对手”以及C“有效的谈判者”虽然在原文都有提及,但不符合本题题意。六、Text 2(总题数:5,分数:10.00)26.According to the author, the Saudi education system is characterized by its excessive emphasis on(分数:2.00)A.marketable skills.B.intellectual curiosity.C.traditional valu
45、es. D.creative thinking.解析:题干问:“作者认为沙特教育体系的特征是以过分强调。”根据原文,这种教育特征是对“传统价值观”的过分强调。而选项A“营销的技巧”,B“对知识的好奇”以及D“创造性思维”皆不符合题意。27.The wild behavior depicted in the first paragraph is intended to(分数:2.00)A.to advocate traditional values in Saudi.B.to introduce the change of Saudi youths. C.to criticize their n
46、onconformist image.D.to praise Saudi youth tactical retreat.解析:题干问:“文章第 1自然段中说明的年轻人的狂野行为是。”作者在第 1自然段阐述年轻人的狂野行为是为了“引入沙特年轻人的改变”。而选项A“倡导沙特的传统价值”,C“批评他们不墨守成规的形象”以及 D“赞扬沙特年轻人所持有的战略性撤离”皆不符合题意。28.What would the section following this text probably deal with?(分数:2.00)A.The higher proportion of local youths in the workforce.B.More restrictions placed on the private firms in Saudi.C.Another reason for the difficulty in managing people pressure. D.The commitment to motivating youth participation in the task解析