1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-4 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Vocabula(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The local people could hardly think of any good way to _poverty they had endured.（分数：2.00）A.shake offB.ward offC.put offD.take off2.The issue _at the conference is very important and it will create a sensation nationwide.（分数
2、：2.00）A.discussedB.being discussedC.is being discussedD.has been discussed3.The Mona Lisa,_ in Italy, is now in the Louvre, a museum in Paris.（分数：2.00）A.who paintedB.who has paintedC.which paintedD.which was painted4.Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is underminin
3、g fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to _ this decline.（分数：2.00）A.laceB.plugC.ceaseD.digest5.I dont think Mr. Matson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to _ comes here first.（分数：2.00）A.whomeverB.whomC.whoD.whoever6.By the time you have completed the essential train
4、ing, you _exposed to virtually every new feature of the course.（分数：2.00）A.will have beenB.will beC.would have beenD.would be7.The_ he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.（分数：2.00）A.momentB.timeC.occasionD.hour8.More thunderstorms ._in summer than any other time of the year.（分数：2.00）A.happened
5、B.have happenedC.happenD.will happen9.Only by understanding the Web deeply _hope for people to grasp its full potential.（分数：2.00）A.can there beB.can be thereC.be there canD.there can be10.Her story shows how gentle ._and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.（分数：2.00）A.pe
6、rsuasionB.determinationC.devotionD.reservation二、BPart Reading (总题数：4，分数：40.00)BDirections:/BIn this part there are 4 passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers. Choose the one you think is the best answer. Mark your choice on the Answer Sheet by drawing
7、 with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.BPassage One/BDuring the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink
8、slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social i
9、mplications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Todays families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachuted they once had in times of financial setbacka back-up earner (usually Mom) who
10、 could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect“ could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with
11、 extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock m
12、arket fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-ac- count model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on in- vestment retur
13、ns. For younger families the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risenand newly fashionable health-saving plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of invest
14、ment risk for families future healthcare.Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent-and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistancehave jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-class family perspective, m
15、uch of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the whole- sale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fal
16、lout may not be far behind.（分数：10.00）(1).Todays double-income families are at greater financial risk in that_.（分数：2.00）A.the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.B.their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.C.they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.D.they are dep
17、rived of unemployment or disability insurance.(2).As a result of President Bushes reform, retired people may have _.（分数：2.00）A.a higher sense of security,B.less secured payments.C.less chance to invest.D.a guaranteed future.(3).According to the author, health-savings plans will_.（分数：2.00）A.help redu
18、ce the cost of healthcare.B.popularize among the middle class.C.compensate for the reduced pensions.D.increase the families investment risk.(4).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.B.the middle class may face greater political
19、challenges.C.financial problems may bring about political problems.D.financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this text?（分数：2.00）A.The Middle Class on the Alert.B.The Middle Class on the Cliff.C.The Middle Class in Conflict.D.The M
20、iddle Class in Ruins.BPassage Two/BIt is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational cortstraints(约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you dont at least ask
21、for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more,and this holds true with other resources,not just pay increases. Consider Beths stoly:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubiele(小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by
22、one they were moved into window offices,while I re- mained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in th
23、e cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice“ isnt a quality at- tributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you11 probably have to ask for it.Performance is yo
24、ur best bargaining chip(筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to dem- onstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs(a new client or a sizable contract,for example) just before merit pay decisions are being m
25、ade, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use com
26、munication style to guide the direction of the interaction.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage,before taking a job, a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he hopes to get(2).What can be inferred
27、from Beths story?（分数：2.00）A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B.If people want what they deserve,they have to ask for it.C.People should not be content with what they have got.D.People should be careful when negotiating for a job.(3).We can learn from the passage that_.（分数：2
28、.00）A.unfairness exists in salary increasesB.most people are overworked and UnderpaidC.one should avoid overstating ones performanceD.most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises(4).To get a pay raise,a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.advertise himself on the job marketB.persuade bis boss to s
29、ign a long-term contractC.try to get inside information about the organizationD.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions(5).To be successful in negotiations, one must_.（分数：2.00）A.meet his boss at the appropriate timeB.arrive at the fiegotiation table punctuallyC.be good at in
30、fluencing the outcome of the interactionD.be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikesBPassage Three/BSea horses have unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures. Its the males that give birth to the young.Male sea horses have a fold of skin on their bellies
31、that forms a pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horses pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developing eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The fema
32、le will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesnt stay long,nor does she take part in the birth.It takes from five to six weeks for the eggs in the males pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hides in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult fr
33、om him to swim, so the male often uses his tall to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly, gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change Iris color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke h
34、oles in his pouch to get the eggs.The eggs hatch inside the males pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the mate sea horse knows its time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending his body back and forth, this causes the opening to enlarge until w
35、ide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. the father sea horse continues rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to force the young out.Sea horse babies are born in grou
36、ps of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tiered when its over.Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mat and show her his empty pouch. This tells her he is ready to receive eggs again.（分数：10.00）(1).W
37、hat part does the female sea horse play in having babies?（分数：2.00）A.Receive eggs.B.Laying eggs.C.Hatching eggs.D.Protecting eggs.(2).What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horse?（分数：2.00）A.It is dangerous for fenmle.B.It happens once a year.C.It is hard work for the male
38、.D.It occurs in the deep sea.(3).To protect himself and his eggs, the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.changrng his colorB.gripping a piece ofgrassC.staying motionlessD.enlarging his pouch(4).The author suggests when sea horse babies are ready to be born_.（分数：2.00）A.the male
39、sea horse seems very happyB.it is difficult for them to come outC.the female sea horse joins the maleD.they need large space in the pouch(5).Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most?（分数：2.00）A.The male sea horse gives birth to the young.B.The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs a
40、t a time.C.Baby sea horses are born in groups of five or more.D.The female will return every day to check on the eggs.BPassage Four/BElephants who paint arent new. Paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant who lived at the Phoenix Zoo in Arizona, sold for up to $ 5,000 in the late 1980s, said Dick George
41、, a consultant with the zoo.“Ruby was about seven months old when she first came to the zoo,“ said George. “She lived with a goat and some chickens, but she didnt have an elephant companion for a number of years. She spent a lot of time drawing in the dirt with a stick to make her days more stimulat
42、ing. Her keeper bought her some art sup- plies.“ George said, “Ruby was excited about painting right from the beginning.“The elephants at the art academies in the Southeast Asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip of their trunks. Initially, the keeper guides the elephants trunk over the ca
43、nvas(画布) and offers rewards for good performance.“It only takes a few hours to a day to teach them,“ said Mia Fineman, an art historian whose book When Elephants Paint is an illustrated history of the Asian Elephant Art and Consrvation Project.（分数：10.00）(1).Ruby was an Asian elephant _.（分数：2.00）A.wh
44、o was sold for a price as high as $ 5,000B.who was famous for being the first painting elephantC.whose paintings sold for as high as $ 5,000D.who started painting in the late 1980s(2).Why did Ruby start painting according to Dick George?（分数：2.00）A.Because she was seven years old.B.Because she was th
45、e first to come to the zoo.C.Because she learned a lot from the goat and the chickens.D.Because she had no elephant partners to play with.(3).How did Ruby paint at the very beginning?（分数：2.00）A.She used a stick to draw in the dirt.B.She spent much time in the dirt.C.She stimulated herself every day.
46、D.She painted with her keepers art supplies.(4).To encourage the elephants to paint well, the keeper _.（分数：2.00）A.bought them a lot of art suppliesB.made them excited at the beginningC.taught them to hold a paintbrush with their trunksD.reinforced the desired behaviors with rewards(5).When Elephants
47、 Paint is a book_.（分数：2.00）A.on the history of artsB.about the painting elephants in AsiaC.explaining how to teach elephants to paintD.chiefly theorizing about elephant art三、BPart Cloze/(总题数：1，分数：20.00)BDirections:/BFor each blank in the following passage, choose the best answer from the choices giv
48、en below. Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet by drawing with a pencil a short bar across the corresponding letter in the brackets.Adult education is the practice of teaching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, orU (31) /U“continuing education“ courses at secondary schools, o
49、r at a college or university.Educating adults differs from educatingU (32) /Uin several ways. One of the most importantU (33) /Uis that adults have gained knowledge and experience which canU (34) /Uadd value to a learning experience or interfere with it.Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in someU (35) /U
