1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-290 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.The Mona Lisa,_ in Italy, is now in the Louvre, a museum in Paris.（分数：2.00）A.who paintedB.who has paintedC.which paintedD.which was painted2.The local people could hardly think of any good way to _poverty they had endu
2、red.（分数：2.00）A.shake offB.ward offC.put offD.take off3.Only by understanding the Web deeply _hope for people to grasp its full potential.（分数：2.00）A.can there beB.can be thereC.be there canD.there can be4.The issue _at the conference is very important and it will create a sensation nationwide.（分数：2.0
3、0）A.discussedB.being discussedC.is being discussedD.has been discussed5.Her story shows how gentle ._and an indifference to honors and fame can lead to great achievements.（分数：2.00）A.persuasionB.determinationC.devotionD.reservation6.By the time you have completed the essential training, you _exposed
4、to virtually every new feature of the course.（分数：2.00）A.will have beenB.will beC.would have beenD.would be7.More thunderstorms ._in summer than any other time of the year.（分数：2.00）A.happenedB.have happenedC.happenD.will happen8.The_ he said it he knew what a mistake he had made.（分数：2.00）A.momentB.ti
5、meC.occasionD.hour9.Bob believes that the invasion of the marketplace into the university is undermining fundamental academic values, and that we must act now to _ this decline.（分数：2.00）A.laceB.plugC.ceaseD.digest10.I dont think Mr. Matson will come here again today. Please give the ticket to _ come
6、s here first.（分数：2.00）A.whomeverB.whomC.whoD.whoever二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：10.00)During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk an
7、d new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripe
8、s have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Todays families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachuted they once had in times of financial setbacka back-
9、up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect“ could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes ca
10、n no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry ab
11、out interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-ac- count model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depe
12、nding on in- vestment returns. For younger families the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risenand newly fashionable health-saving plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and
13、 a large new dose of investment risk for families future healthcare.Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent-and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistancehave jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-
14、class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the whole- sale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has b
15、egun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.（分数：10.00）(1).Todays double-income families are at greater financial risk in that_.（分数：2.00）A.the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.B.their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.C.they are more vulnerable to changes in fami
16、ly economics.D.they are deprived of unemployment or disability insuranc(2).As a result of President Bushes reform, retired people may have _.（分数：2.00）A.a higher sense of security,B.less secured payments.C.less chance to invest.D.a guaranteed futur(3).According to the author, health-savings plans wil
17、l_.（分数：2.00）A.help reduce the cost of healthcare.B.popularize among the middle class.C.compensate for the reduced pensions.D.increase the families investment risk.(4).It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.B.the middle class may
18、face greater political challenges.C.financial problems may bring about political problems.D.financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.(5).Which of the following is the best title for this text?（分数：2.00）A.The Middle Class on the Alert.B.The Middle Class on the Cliff.C.The Middle Cl
19、ass in Conflict.D.The Middle Class in Ruins.四、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：10.00)It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational cortstraints(约束) influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain: your chances of getting the raise you feel you dese
20、rve are less if you dont at least ask for it. Men tend to ask for more, and they get more,and this holds true with other resources,not just pay increases. Consider Beths stoly:I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it. We had cubiele(小隔间) offices and window offices. I sat in the cubicles
21、 with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices,while I re- mained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for an office and that it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess
22、 they thought me content to stay in the cubicles since I did not voice my opinion either way.It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice“ isnt a quality at- tributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you11 probabl
23、y have to ask for it.Performance is your best bargaining chip(筹码) when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to dem- onstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give your boss something he or she needs(a new client or a sizable contract,for example) just
24、before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the ap
25、propriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage,before taking a job, a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.demonstrate his capabilityB.give his boss a good impressionC.ask for as much money as he canD.ask for the salary he
26、 hopes to get(2).What can be inferred from Beths story?（分数：2.00）A.Prejudice against women still exists in some organizations.B.If people want what they deserve,they have to ask for it.C.People should not be content with what they have got.D.People should be careful when negotiating for a jo(3).We ca
27、n learn from the passage that_.（分数：2.00）A.unfairness exists in salary increasesB.most people are overworked and UnderpaidC.one should avoid overstating ones performanceD.most organizations give their staff automatic pay raises(4).To get a pay raise,a person should_.（分数：2.00）A.advertise himself on th
28、e job marketB.persuade bis boss to sign a long-term contractC.try to get inside information about the organizationD.do something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions(5).To be successful in negotiations, one must_.（分数：2.00）A.meet his boss at the appropriate timeB.arrive at the fiegotia
29、tion table punctuallyC.be good at influencing the outcome of the interactionD.be familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes五、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Sea horses have unusual parents. The female sea horses lay the eggs, but unlike other creatures. Its the males that give birth to the young.Ma
30、le sea horses have a fold of skin on their bellies that forms a pocket, called a brood pouch. During the breeding season, the sea horses pouch swells to receive eggs. A female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time in the pouch. Then she swims off, leaving her male partner to care for the developin
31、g eggs and give birth to young sea horses. The female will return every day to check on her mate and the eggs, but she doesnt stay long,nor does she take part in the birth.It takes from five to six weeks for the eggs in the males pouch to develop. During this time the male avoids open water and hide
32、s in sea grass. His big pouch makes it difficult from him to swim, so the male often uses his tall to grasp a piece of sea grass. Firmly, gripping the grass, he will stay perfectly still for hours or even days. The male sea horse will change Iris color to blend with his surroundings and avoid being
33、seen by predators who will try to eat him or poke holes in his pouch to get the eggs.The eggs hatch inside the males pouch. When the babies begin moving around, the mate sea horse knows its time for them to be born. He grabs a sea grass stem with his tail and begins rocking, bending his body back an
34、d forth, this causes the opening to enlarge until wide enough for the first baby sea horse to shoot out. the father sea horse continues rocking, bending, and stretching his body so that the rest of the babies can be born. Sometimes he has to press his pouch against a rock or some stiff seaweed to fo
35、rce the young out.Sea horse babies are born in groups of five or more. Sometimes it takes two days for the father sea horse to give birth to all his young. He is very tiered when its over.Soon after giving birth to one brood, the male will approach his mat and show her his empty pouch. This tells he
36、r he is ready to receive eggs again.（分数：10.00）(1).What part does the female sea horse play in having babies?（分数：2.00）A.Receive eggs.B.Laying eggs.C.Hatching eggs.D.Protecting eggs.(2).What can be learned from the passage about giving birth to baby sea horse?（分数：2.00）A.It is dangerous for fenmle.B.It
37、 happens once a year.C.It is hard work for the male.D.It occurs in the deep se(3).To protect himself and his eggs, the male sea horse does all the following EXCEPT_.（分数：2.00）A.changrng his colorB.gripping a piece ofgrassC.staying motionlessD.enlarging his pouch(4).The author suggests when sea horse
38、babies are ready to be born_.（分数：2.00）A.the male sea horse seems very happyB.it is difficult for them to come outC.the female sea horse joins the maleD.they need large space in the pouch(5).Which fact does the author want the reader to remember most?（分数：2.00）A.The male sea horse gives birth to the y
39、oung.B.The female sea horse lays up to 200 eggs at a time.C.Baby sea horses are born in groups of five or more.D.The female will return every day to check on the eggs.六、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Elephants who paint arent new. Paintings by Ruby, an Asian elephant who lived at the Phoenix Zoo in Ari
40、zona, sold for up to $ 5,000 in the late 1980s, said Dick George, a consultant with the zoo.“Ruby was about seven months old when she first came to the zoo,“ said George. “She lived with a goat and some chickens, but she didnt have an elephant companion for a number of years. She spent a lot of time
41、 drawing in the dirt with a stick to make her days more stimulating. Her keeper bought her some art sup- plies.“ George said, “Ruby was excited about painting right from the beginning.“The elephants at the art academies in the Southeast Asia are taught to hold a paintbrush with the tip of their trun
42、ks. Initially, the keeper guides the elephants trunk over the canvas(画布) and offers rewards for good performance.“It only takes a few hours to a day to teach them,“ said Mia Fineman, an art historian whose book When Elephants Paint is an illustrated history of the Asian Elephant Art and Consrvation
43、Project.（分数：10.00）(1).Ruby was an Asian elephant _.（分数：2.00）A.who was sold for a price as high as $ 5,000B.who was famous for being the first painting elephantC.whose paintings sold for as high as $ 5,000D.who started painting in the late 1980s(2).Why did Ruby start painting according to Dick George
44、?（分数：2.00）A.Because she was seven years old.B.Because she was the first to come to the zoo.C.Because she learned a lot from the goat and the chickens.D.Because she had no elephant partners to play wit(3).How did Ruby paint at the very beginning?（分数：2.00）A.She used a stick to draw in the dirt.B.She s
45、pent much time in the dirt.C.She stimulated herself every day.D.She painted with her keepers art supplies.(4).To encourage the elephants to paint well, the keeper _.（分数：2.00）A.bought them a lot of art suppliesB.made them excited at the beginningC.taught them to hold a paintbrush with their trunksD.r
46、einforced the desired behaviors with rewards(5).When Elephants Paint is a book_.（分数：2.00）A.on the history of artsB.about the painting elephants in AsiaC.explaining how to teach elephants to paintD.chiefly theorizing about elephant art七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Adult education is the practice of tea
47、ching and educating adults. This is often done in the workplace, or (31) “continuing education“ courses at secondary schools, or at a college or university.Educating adults differs from educating (32) in several ways. One of the most important (33) is that adults have gained knowledge and experience
48、 which can (34) add value to a learning experience or interfere with it.Another important difference is that adults frequently must apply their knowledge in some (35) fashion in order to learn effectively there must be a (36) and a reasonable expectation that the new knowledge will help them further
49、 that goal. One example, (37) in the 1990s, was the spread of computer training courses in (38) adults, most of them office workers, could enroll These courses would teach basic use of the operating system or specific application (39) . Because the skills (40) to interact with a PC were so new, many people who had been working white-collar jobs for ten years or more eventually took such training courses, either of their own will (to gain computer sk
