1、工程硕士(GCT)英语-286 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Vocabulary an(总题数：10，分数：20.00)1.When I try to understand _ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, it seems to me that there are two causes.（分数：2.00）A.why it doesB.what it doesC.what it isD.why it is2._ it left to me
2、to decide, I would never hesitate to choose the former.（分数：2.00）A.IfB.WereC.HadD.Should3.You cannot be _ careful when you drive a car.（分数：2.00）A.veryB.soC.tooD.enough4.All things _ , the planned trip will have to be called off.（分数：2.00）A.consideredB.be consideredC.consideringD.having considered5.Id
3、rather you _ make any comment on the issue for the time being.（分数：2.00）A.dontB.wouldntC.didntD.shouldnt6.Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their flail _.（分数：2.00）A.capacityB.strengthC.lengthD.possibility7.However, at times this balance in nature is _ , resulting
4、 in a number of possibly unforeseen effects.（分数：2.00）A.troubledB.disturbedC.confusedD.puzzled8.Criticism and self-criticism is necessary _ it helps us to find and correct our mistakes.（分数：2.00）A.by thatB.at thatC.on thatD.in that9.The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _ chemists.（分数：
5、2.00）A.eachB.someC.certainD.any10.You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first.（分数：2.00）A.would goB.will goC.wentD.have gone二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)When we conduct foreign trade, the importance of understanding the language of a country cannot be underestima
6、ted. The successful marketer must achieve export requires a thorough understanding of the language as well as the ability to speak it. Those who deal with advertising should be concerned less with obvious differences between languages and more with the exact meanings expressed.A dictionary translati
7、on is not the same as an idiomatic interpretation, and seldom will the dictionary translation meet the needs. A national producer of soft drinks had the companys brand name impressed in Chinese characters which were phonetically (按照发音地) accurate. It was discovered later, however, that the translatio
8、ns literal meaning was “female horse fattened with wax“, hardly the image the company sought to describe. So carelessly translated advertising statements not only lose their intended meaning but can suggest something very different including something offensive or ridiculous. Sometimes, what was tra
9、nslated was not an image the companies had in mind for their products. Many people believe that to fully appreciate the true meaning of a language it is necessary to hve with the language for years. Whether or not this is the case, foreign marketers should never take it for granted that they are aff
10、ectively communicating in another language.（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is the best topic for the passage?（分数：2.00）A.Idiomatic Meanings of Languages.B.Language Problems in Foreign Trade.C.Translation Failures in Foreign Trade.D.Culture Difference between Languages.(2).To an advertiser, which
11、 one should they pay more attention to?（分数：2.00）A.Understanding of a language.B.Ability to speak a language.C.Obvious differences between languages.D.The different idiomatic expressions between languages.(3).What is the main idea of the second paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.Best translation should be the inte
12、nt of the original statement.B.A dictionary translation may not convey the true meaning of an idiom.C.A dictionary will meet the needs.D.Both A and C(4).In terms of communication in another language, marketers should not be too _.（分数：2.00）A.proudB.modestC.self-confidentD.happy(5).The first sentence“
13、., the importance of understanding the language of a country cannot be underestimated“ most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.Understanding of the language of a country is extremely importantB.Understanding of the language of a country is less importantC.Not enough importance is attached to the understand
14、ing of the language of a countryD.Enough importance is attached to the understanding of the language of a countryThe rise of multinational corporations (跨国公司), global marketing, new communications technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have 1ed to an unparalleled increase in global public
15、relations or PR.Surprisingly, since modem PR was largely an American invention, the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Ten years ago, for example, the worlds top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 1991, only one was. The Brit
16、ish in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative. A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate (公司的) planning activities, compared to about one-third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the
17、 capital of PR.Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race? First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European
18、and Asian counterparts (相对应的人) in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshalls U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half or more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people i
19、nvolved irt PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this
20、 country.Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN(Cable News Network). Turner recently announced that the word “foreign“ would no longer be used on CNN news broadcasts. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that ther
21、e is no longer any such thing as foreign.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because（分数：2.00）A.an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companiesB.shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesC.the dec
22、reasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.D.increased efforts of other countries in public relations(2).London could soon replace New York as the center of PR because _.（分数：2.00）A.British companies are more ambitious than U.S. companiesB.British companies place more importance on PR th
23、an U.S. companiesC.British companies are heavily involved in planning activitiesD.four of the worlds top public relations agencies are British-owned(3).The word “provincial“ (Line 2, Par（分数：2.00）A.3) most probably means“ _“.A. limited in outlookB. like people from the provincesC. rigid in thinkingD.
24、 interested in world financial affairs(4).We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industry _.（分数：2.00）A.speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB.are ignorant about world geographyC.are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsD.enjoy reading a great variety
25、 of English business publications(5).What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNN?（分数：2.00）A.American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B.The American PR industry should develop global communications technologies.C.People working in PR should be more fluent in forei
26、gn languages.D.People involved in PR should avoid Using the word “foreign“.Like many of my generation, I have a weakness for hero worship. At some point, however, we aU to question our heroes and our need for them. This leads us to ask: What is a hero?Despite immense differences in cultures, heroes
27、around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.A hero does something worth talking about. A hero has a story of adventure to tell and community who will listen. But a few heroes beyond mere fame.Heroes serve powers or principles larger than themselves.
28、Like high-voltage transformers, heroes take the energy of higher powers and step it down so that it can be used by ordinaryThe hero lives a life worthy of imitation. Those who imitate a genuine, hero experience life with new depth, enthusiasm, and meaning. A sure test for would-be heroes is what or
29、whom do they serve? What are they willing to live and die for? If the answer or evidence suggests they serve only their own fame, they may be famous persons but not heroes. Madonna and Michael Jackson are famous, but who would claim that their fans find life more abundant?Heroes are catalysts (催化剂)
30、for change. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated (隔离的) buses, resta
31、urants, and parks: It may be possible for largescale change to occur without leaders with magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meetings endless.（分数：10.00）(1).Although heroes may come from different cultures, they.“（分数：2.00）A.generally
32、possess certain inspiring characteristicsB.probably sham some weaknesses of ordinary peopleC.are often influenced by previous generationsD.all unknowingly attract a large number of fans(2).According to the passage, heroes are compared to high-voltage transformers in that _.（分数：2.00）A.they have a vis
33、ion from the mountaintopB.they have warm feelings and emotionsC.they can serve as concrete examples of noble principlesD.they can make people feel stronger and mine confident(3).Madonna and Michael Jackson are not considered heroes because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are popular only among certain groups of p
34、eopleB.their performances do not improve their fans morallyC.their primary concern is their own financial interestsD.they are not clear about the principles they should follow(4).Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _.（分数：2.00）A.are good at demonstrating thei
35、r charming charactersB.can move the masses with their forceful speechesC.are capable of meeting all challenges and hardshipsD.can provide an answer to the problems of their people(5).The author concludes that historical changes would _.（分数：2.00）A.be delayed without leaders with inspiring personal qu
36、alitiesB.not happen without heroes making the necessary sacrificesC.take place if there were heroes to lead the peopleD.produce leaders with attractive personalitiesI have an infatuation (迷恋) with autumn. The colors of the season, and the smells, have always thrilled me. I have always found joy in t
37、his time of year. The last few autumns of my life, however, I recollect in shades of gray rather than cheerful oranges and yellows.When I became a single mother, every aspect of life took on new meaning. Since I was used to carrying out most of the parental duties without much help during my marriag
38、e, I truly did not foresee how different parenting would become after the marriage was over. But suddenly I realized I was a statistic. The daily routine was not changed so much; it was the angle at which I had begun to look at life.I believed my ex-husbands lawyer was tracking every grade the child
39、ren made, and I was under a microscope in this new town where the Children and I moved our “broken home.“ I feared having to eventually establish my family with each new teacher and each new term as a single-parent family. I just wanted to be us again, without the stigma (特征) of the label that put o
40、n us.During those few gray years, I would reassure myself that soon things would be better, and that I would someday be able to feel whole again. There is no mathematical equation of adults proportioned to children to equal a stable, loving family. Every family has its strengths. In fact, studies sh
41、ow that in families who read together, eat together and communicate openly, children are likely to succeed academically, as well as socially and emotionally. I am sure these habits are just as effective when practiced in single-parent families. I realize now that I am not a statistic. We are an acti
42、ve, vital family in this charming community, where we are not marked by any stigma of any statistics of any focus groups.We are given opportunity, all of us. We are surrounded by beauty and immersed in possibility. There is joy to be found here, in what we see around us and in creating our own rendi
43、tion of how we want to be seen. There is strength and grace in our own willingness to break free from conformity without falling behind the barriers of self-imposed limitations or preconceived notions of where we should fit in this world according to research.（分数：10.00）(1).What does the last sentenc
44、e of paragraph one imply?（分数：2.00）A.The author moved to a new place.B.The climate changed greatly in the last few years.C.In the last few years, the authors mood changed.D.There were some natural disasters.(2).After the divorce, _.（分数：2.00）A.there wasnt any change, since she used to play a main part
45、 in taking care of the childrenB.she became interested in statisticsC.everything in her life was changedD.it was the way by which she looked at life that changed(3).According to the passage, _ brought the unpleasant change in her life.（分数：2.00）A.a kind of discrimination against single-parent familie
46、sB.her ex-husbandC.social scientistsD.the feeling about autumn(4).In the few gray years, the author _.（分数：2.00）A.felt helpless and sadB.had the help from her friendsC.never lost hope, and believed that everything would change somedayD.became very nervous and silent(5).What is the authors main point?
47、（分数：2.00）A.Every family has its happiness and unhappiness.B.Her family has suffered a lot.C.Her ex-husband is not a good man.D.Every family has its strength and can create its happiness.七、Part Cloze(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Until recently most historians spoke very critically of the Industrial Revolution. The
48、y (31) that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the (32) man. But they insisted that its (33) results during the period from 1740 to 1840 were widespread poverty and misery for the (34) of the English population. (35) contrast, they saw in the preceding hundre
49、d years from 1640 to 1740, when England was still a (36) agricultural country, a period of great abundance and prosperity.This view, (37) , is generally thought to be wrong. Specialists (38) history and economics, have (39) two things: that the period from 1640 to 1740 was (40) by great poverty, and that industrialization certainly did not worsen and may have actually improved the conditions for the majority of the populace.（分数：20.00）A.admittedB.believedC.claimedD
