1、工商(经企)管理硕士入学考试(GMAT)-3 及答案解析(总分：145.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、单项选择题(总题数：28，分数：145.00)1.Ounce for ounce, blends of different artificial sweeteners match any individual artificial sweetener in sweetening power. When used to sweeten food, blends greatly decrease the likelihood that consumers will exceed acceptab
2、le daily intakes for individual sweeteners. Blends should therefore be used, rather than single sweeteners alone, since blends are clearly more healthful, yet equally effective. The argument above depends on which of the following assumptions?（分数：5.00）A.When ingested together, different artificial s
3、weeteners in the blends do not interact in a way that makes them harmful to human healthB.Different artificial sweeteners, when used together in food, do not contribute a more desirable flavor to the food than would any one of them by itselfC.The acceptable daily intake for any given artificial swee
4、tener is a conservative figure that could probably be greatly exceeded at little or no riskD.Consumers who substitute artificial sweeteners for sugar in their diets generally keep track of their daily intake of different sweetenersE.The ill effects on health produced by the intake of excessive quant
5、ities of any single artificial sweetener cannot be reversed by reducing intake laterQuestions refer to the following graph. 19771978 TEXTB()OK INVENTORY FOR SCHOOLS X AND Y BY YEAR OF PURCHASE (as a percent of the 19771978 inventory) Note：All books were purchased new on July 1 of each year. （分数：10.0
6、0）(1).How many of the inventoried textbooks were purchased by the two schools combined during the years 1974, 1975, and 1976?（分数：5.00）A.495B.940C.1,020D.1,435E.2,800(2).If School X purchased 300 textbooks in 1971 and all of these textbooks either were counted in the inventory or had been discarded b
7、efore the inventory, what percent of these textbooks had been discarded?（分数：5.00）A.10%B.20%C.50%D.80%E.100%2.How many factors of 60 are greater than （分数：5.00）A.TwelveB.NineC.EightD.SevenE.Six3.Neighboring landholders: Air pollution from the giant aluminum refinery that has been built next to our lan
8、d is killing our plants. Company spokesperson: The refinery is not to blame, since our study shows that the damage is due to insects and fungi. Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the conclusion drawn by the company spokesperson?（分数：5.00）A.The study did not measure the quantity o
9、f pollutants emitted into the surrounding air by the aluminum refineryB.The neighboring landholders have made no change in the way they take care of their plantsC.Air pollution from the refinery has changed the chemical balance in the plants“ environment, allowing the harmful insects and fungi to th
10、riveD.Pollutants that are invisible and odorless are emitted into the surrounding air by the refineryE.The various species of insects and fungi mentioned in the study have been occasionally found in the locality during the past hundred years4.Of the science books in a certain supply room, 50 are on
11、botany, 65 are on zoology, 90 are on physics, 50 are on geology, and 110 are on chemistry. If science books are removed randomly from the supply room, how many must be removed to ensure that 80 of the books removed are on the same science?（分数：5.00）A.81B.159C.166D.285E.3245.In respectable periodicals
12、, books are given reviewing space in inverse proportion to the likely size of their sales. Airport and supermarket bookstalls stock only books that are expected to sell in large numbers. Consequently, those who buy books at such bookstalls have to do so without any guidance whatever from the book re
13、viewers whose work is published in respectable periodicals. Which of the following is a valid criticism of the argument above?（分数：5.00）A.Bookstalls like those found at airports and in supermarkets are designed to induce people to buy books on impulseB.The assortment of books available at airport boo
14、kstalls is different from the assortment of books available at supermarket bookstallsC.The fact that a book is expected to sell well does not guarantee that actual sales will be largeD.Many who later come to be respected as book reviewers start their careers by writing for trashy magazinesE.The conc
15、lusion that respectable periodicals never publish reviews of projected bestsellers is unwarranted6.What is the maximum capacity in cups of a pail that contains only sand and is filled to three fourths of its capacity? (1)If one cup of sand were added to the pail, it would be filled to seven eighths
16、of its capacity. (2)If two cups were removed from the pail, it would be filled to one half of its capacity.（分数：5.00）A.条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分B.条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分C.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分D.条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分E.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分7.During his three years in office, the governor of a
17、 state has frequently been accused of having sexist attitudes toward women. Yet he has filled five of the nineteen vacant high-level positions in his administration with women appointees, all of whom are still serving. This shows that the governor is not sexist. Which of the following statements, if
18、 true, would most seriously weaken the conclusion above?（分数：5.00）A.One of the women appointed by the governor to a highlevel position is planning to resign her postB.The platform of the governor“s political party required him to appoint at least five women to high-level positionsC.Forty-seven percen
19、t of the women who voted in the state gubernatorial election three years ago voted for the governorD.A governor of a neighboring state recently appointed seven women to high-level positionsE.The governor appointed two Black Americans, two Hispanic Americans, and one Asian American to high-level posi
20、tions in his administration8.What is the greatest commom divisor of positive integers m and n? (1)m is a prime number. (2)m and n are consecutive integers.（分数：5.00）A.条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分B.条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分C.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分，但条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来充分D.条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分E.条件(1)和条件(2)单独都不充分，条件(1)和条件(2)联合起来也不充分9.Som
21、e people assert that prosecutors should be allowed to introduce illegally obtained evidence in criminal trials if the judge and jury can be persuaded that the arresting officer was not aware of violating or did not intend to violate the law while seizing the evidence. This proposed “good-faith excep
22、tion“ would weaken everyone“s constitutional protection, lead to less careful police practices, and promote lying by law enforcement officers in court. The argument above for maintaining the prohibition against illegally obtained evidence assumes that（分数：5.00）A.defendants in criminal cases should en
23、joy greater protection from the law than other citizens doB.law enforcement authorities need to be encouraged to pursue criminals assiduouslyC.the legal system will usually find ways to ensure that real crimes do not go unprosecutedD.the prohibition now deters some unlawful searches and seizuresE.co
24、urts should consider the motives of law enforcement officers in deciding whether evidence brought forward by the officers is admissible in a trial10.According to official government records, in Greenland the suicide rate (suicides per 1,000 people) was seventeen times greater in 1987 than in 1960. B
25、ecause Greenland changed from a hunting and fishing society to an industrial society between 1960 and 1987, the dramatic increase in suicide must be a result of this societal change. Which of the following, if true, casts the most serious doubt on the conclusion drawn above?（分数：5.00）A.The change fro
26、m a hunting and fishing society to an industrial society sometimes causes a dramatic increase in a society“s crime rateB.Even in a hunting and fishing society, some proportion of the society“s members will choose to commit suicideC.According to official government records, most of those who committe
27、d suicide in Greenland in 1987 were maleD.The life expectancy of Greenland“s inhabitants was not much greater in i987 than it was in 1960, before the societal change occurredE.In 1987 most suicides that occurred in Greenland were reported as suicides to the appropriate government office, whereas in
28、1960 most were not11.A wildlife preserve is being planned for 3,000 rhinoceroses. The preserve is to contain a total of 10,000 acres of watering area, plus 100 acres of grazing area for each rhinoceros. If the number of rhinoceroses is expected to increase by 10 percent, how many thousand acres shou
29、ld the preserve have in order to provide for the increased population?（分数：5.00）A.340B.330C.320D.310E.30012.Inspection system X and inspection system Y, though based on different principles, each detect all product flaws, but they each also erroneously reject three percent of flawless products. Since
30、 false rejections are very costly, money will be saved by installing both systems, instead of either one or the other, and rejecting only products found flawed by both. The argument above requires which of the following assumptions?（分数：5.00）A.The three percent of flawless products that system X reje
31、cts are not all the same products, piece for piece, that system Y erroneously rejectsB.It is less costly to accept a flawed product than to reject a flawless oneC.In their price range, systems X and Y are the least errorprone inspection systems on the marketD.Whichever system performs the second ins
32、pection needs to inspect only products not rejected by the first systemE.Any way of detecting flaws, other than by using either system X or system Y, requires complete disassembly of the products13.An overly centralized economy, not the changes in the climate, is responsible for the poor agricultura
33、l production in Country X since its new government came to power. Neighboring Country Y has experienced the same climatic conditions, but while agricultural production has been falling in Country X, it has been rising in Country Y. Which of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument abov
34、e?（分数：5.00）A.Industrial production also is declining in Country XB.Whereas Country Y is landlocked, Country X has a major seaportC.Both Country X and Country Y have been experiencing drought conditionsD.The crops that have always been grown in Country X are different from those that have always been
35、 grown in Country YE.Country X“s new government instituted a centralized economy with the intention of ensuring an equitable distribution of goods14. （分数：5.00）A.6B.7C.12D.14E.1715.Naturally occurring chemicals cannot be newly patented once their structures have been published. Before a naturally occ
36、urring chemical compound can be used as a drug, however, it must be put through the same rigorous testing program as any synthetic compound, culminating in a published report detailing the chemical“s structure and observed effects. If the statements above are true, which of the following must also b
37、e true on the basis of them?（分数：5.00）A.Any naturally occurring chemical can be reproduced synthetically once its structure is knownB.Synthetically produced chemical compounds cannot be patented unless their chemical structures are made publicC.If proven no less effective, naturally occurring chemica
38、ls are to be preferred to synthetic compounds for use in drugsD.Once a naturally occurring compound has been approved for use as a drug, it can no longer be newly patentedE.A naturally occurring chemical cannot be patented unless its effectiveness as a drug has been rigorously established16.A compan
39、y that ships boxes to a total of 12 distribution centers uses color coding to identify each center. If either a single color or a pair of two different colors is chosen to represent each center and if each center is uniquely represented by that choice of one or two colors, what is the minimum number
40、 of colors needed for the coding? (Assume that the order of the colors in a pair does not matter.)（分数：5.00）A.4B.5C.6D.12E.2417.Public reports by national commissions, governors“ conferences, and leadership groups have stressed the great need for better understanding of international affairs by the c
41、itizenry. If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, the need is undeniable. If there is such a need for the citizenry to have a better understanding of international affairs, then all of our new teachers must be prepared to teach their subject matter wi
42、th an international orientation. If all of the statements in the passage are true, which one of the following must also be true?（分数：5.00）A.If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, then new teachers must be prepared to teach their subject matter with an
43、 international orientationB.If new teachers are prepared to teach their subject matter with an international orientation, then the country will remain a leading nation in an era of international competitivenessC.If there is better understanding of international affairs by the citizenry, then the cou
44、ntry will remain a leading nation in an era of international competitivenessD.If the country is to remain a leading nation in an era of international competitiveness, then there is no need for the citizenry to have a better understanding of international affairsE.Public reports from various groups a
45、nd commissions have stressed the need for a more international orientation in the education of teachers18. （分数：5.00）A.10%B.20%C.30%D.40%E.50%19.Board member: As a longtime member of the college“s board of trustees, I believe that the board has functioned well in the past because each of its members
46、has had a broad range of experience and interests. Thus, if in the future any members are elected primarily to press for a particular policy, such as reducing tuition, the board will function leas well. In drawing the conclusion above, the board member must have been making which of the following as
47、sumptions?（分数：5.00）A.The college will suffer financially if the board reduces tuitionB.The college will not be able to operate if and when the board functions leas well than it does currentlyC.The board functions well because its members are primarily interested in particular academic policies rathe
48、r than in financial policies such as the level of tuitionD.In order to be elected as a member of the board, one must have a broad range of experience and interestsE.Each of the people who would be elected to the board primarily to press for a particular policy lacks a broad range of experience or in
49、terests20.The population of elephant seals, reduced by hunting to perhaps a few dozen animals early in this century, has soared under federal protection during the last few decades. However, because the species repopulated itself through extensive inbreeding, it now exhibits a genetic uniformity that is almost unparalleled in other species of mammals, and thus it is in far greater danger of becoming extinct than are most other species. Given the information in the passage above, which of the following is most likely the reason that other species of mammals are leas likely than elep
