1、GCT工程硕士（英语）-试卷 92及答案解析(总分：134.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：11，分数：22.00)1.Part I Vocabulary and StructureDirections: There are ten incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence. Mark your a
2、nswer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：2.00）_2.We“ll visit Europe next year _ we have enough money.（分数：2.00）A.lestB.untilC.unlessD.provided3.My father seemed to be in no _ to look at my school report.（分数：2.00）A.moodB.emotionC.attitudeD.feeling4.The price of beer _ from 4
3、0 cents to $4 per liter during the summer season.（分数：2.00）A.alteredB.rangedC.separatedD.differed5.His remarks left me _ about his real purpose.（分数：2.00）A.wonderedB.wonderC.to wonderD.wondering6.I have heard both teachers and students _ well of him.（分数：2.00）A.to speakB.spokenC.to have spokenD.speak7.
4、Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body“s need for it from natural sources without turning _ the salt bottle.（分数：2.00）A.upB.toC.onD.over8.He always did well at school _ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.（分数：2.00）A.in spite ofB.regardless ofC.on account ofD.i
5、n case of9.It is important that the hotel receptionist _ that guests are registered correctly.（分数：2.00）A.has made sureB.made sureC.must make sureD.make sure10.I suggested he should _ himself to his new conditions.（分数：2.00）A.adaptB.adoptC.regulateD.suit11.I didn“t know the word. I had to _ a dictiona
6、ry.（分数：2.00）A.look outB.make outC.refer toD.go over二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：5，分数：50.00)12.Part II Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this part there are four passages, each followed by five questions or unfinished statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose
7、the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：10.00）_Psychologist George Spilich and colleagues at Washington College in Chestertown, Maryland, decided to find out whether, as many smokers say, smoking helps them to “think and concentrate“. Spilich p
8、ut young non-smokers, active smokers and smokers deprived(被剥夺) of cigarettes through a series of tests. In the first test, each subject(试验对象)sat before a computer screen and pressed a key as soon as he or she recognized a target letter among a grouping of 96. In this simple test, smokers, deprived s
9、mokers and nonsmokers performed equally well The next test was more complex, requiring all to scan sequences of 20 identical letters and respond the instant one of the letters transformed into a different one. Non-smokers were faster, but under the stimulation of nicotine(尼古丁), active smokers were f
10、aster than deprived smokers. In the third test of short-term memory, non-smokers made the fewest errors, but deprived smokers committed fewer errors than active smokers. The fourth test required people to read a passage, then answer questions about it. Non-smokers remembered 19 percent more of the m
11、ost important information than active smokers, and deprived smokers bested those who had smoked a cigarette just before testing. Active smokers tended not only to have poorer memories but also had trouble separating important information from insignificant details. “As our tests became more complex“
12、, sums up Spilich, “non-smokers performed better than smokers by wider and wider margins“. He predicts, “Smokers might perform adequately at many jobs until they got complicated. A smoking airline pilot could fly adequately if no problems arose, but if something went wrong, smoking might damage his
13、mental capacity“.（分数：10.00）(1).The purpose of George Spilich“s experiments is _.（分数：2.00）A.to test whether smoking has a positive effect on the mental capacity of smokersB.to show how smoking damages people“s mental capacityC.to prove that smoking affects people“s regular performanceD.to find out wh
14、ether smoking helps people“s short-term memory(2).George Spilich“s experiment was conducted in such a way as to _.（分数：2.00）A.compel the subjects to separate major information from minor detailsB.put the subjects through increasingly complex testsC.check the effectiveness of nicotine on smokersD.regi
15、ster the prompt responses of the subjects(3).The word “bested“(Line 3, Para. 5) most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.beatB.enviedC.caught up withD.made the best of(4).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：2.00）A.Active smokers in general performed better than deprived smokers.B.Active smokers re
16、sponded more quickly than the other subjects.C.Non-smokers were not better than other subjects in performing simple tasks.D.Deprived smokers gave the slowest responses to the various tasks.(5).We can infer from the Last paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.smokers should not expect to become airline pilotsB.
17、smoking in emergency cases causes mental illnessC.no airline pilots smoke during flightsD.smokers may prove unequal to handling emergency casesSince we are social beings, the quality of our lives depends in large measure on our interpersonal relationships. One strength of the human condition is our
18、tendency to give and receive support from one another under stressful circumstances. Social support consists of the exchange of resources among people based on their interpersonal ties. Those of us with strong support systems appear better able to cope with major life changes and daily hassles(困难).
19、People with strong social ties live longer and have better health than those without such ties. Studies over a range of illnesses, from depression to heart disease, reveal that the presence of social support helps people fend off(挡开) illness, and the absence of such support makes poor health more li
20、kely. Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational suppo
21、rt. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting(转移注意力)us from our worries and troubles. Fi
22、nally, other people may give us instrumental support, a financial aid, material resources, and needed servicesthat reduces stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.（分数：10.00）(1).Interpersonal relationships are important because _.（分数：2.00）A.they are indispensable to people“s social we
23、ll-beingB.they waken people“s desire to exchange resourcesC.they help people to cope with life in the information eraD.they can cure a range of illnesses such as heart disease, etc.(2).Research shows that people“s physical and mental health _.（分数：2.00）A.relies on the social welfare systems which sup
24、port themB.has much to do with the amount of support they get from othersC.depends on their ability to deal with daily worries and troublesD.is closely related to their strength for coping with major changes in their lives(3).Which of the following is closest in meaning to the word “cushions“ (Line
25、1, Para. 2)?（分数：2.00）A.Adds up to.B.Does away with.C.Lessens the effect of.D.Lays the foundation for.(4).Helping a sick neighbor with some repair work is an example of _.（分数：2.00）A.instrumental supportB.informational supportC.social companionshipD.the strengthening of self-respect(5).Social companio
26、nship is beneficial in that _.（分数：2.00）A.it helps strengthen our ties with relativesB.it enables us to eliminate our faults and mistakesC.it makes our leisure-time activities more enjoyableD.it draws our attention away from our worries and troublesLong after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed
27、fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing(裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees. The researcher organized an experimental tournament(锦标赛) involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into thre
28、e periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number. The researcher then studied the v
29、ideotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research
30、 shows the optimum(最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second. If FIFA, football“s international ruling body, wants to i
31、mprove the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues. He also says that FIFA“s insistence that referees should retire at age 35 may be misguided. If
32、keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.（分数：10.00）(1).The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to _.（分数：2.00）A.review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World CupB.analyse the causes of errors made by football refereesC.set a standard
33、for football refereeingD.reexamine the rules for football refereeing(2).The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was _.（分数：2.00）A.slightly above averageB.higher than in the 1998 World CupC.quite unexpectedD.as high as in a standard match(3).The findings of the experiment show that
34、 _.（分数：2.00）A.errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ballB.the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errorsC.the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occurD.errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot(4).The word “officials“ (Line
35、2, Para. 4) most probably refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.the researchers involved in the experimentB.the inspectors of the football tournamentC.the referees of the football tournamentD.the observers at the site of the experiment(5).What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?（分数：2.00）A.The ide
36、al retirement age for an experienced football referee is 35.B.Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.C.A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible.D.An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition.Engineering stud
37、ents are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality, but when it comes to my college education I am an idealist and a fool. In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer and, of course, any sensible student with my aims would have chosen a college with a large engineering departm
38、ent, famous reputation and lots of good labs and research equipment. But that“s not what I did. I chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts(文科) university that doesn“t even offer a major in electrical engineering. Obviously, this was not a practical choice; I came here for more noble reason
39、s. I wanted a broad education that would provide me with flexibility and a value system to guide me in my career. I wanted to open my eyes and expand my vision by interacting with people who weren“t studying science or engineering. My parents, teachers and other adults praised me for such a sensible
40、 choice. They told me I was wise and mature beyond my 18 years, and I believed them. I headed off to college sure I was going to have an advantage over those students who went to big engineering “factories“ where they didn“t care if you had values or were flexible. I was going to be a complete engin
41、eer: technical genius and sensitive humanist(人文学者)all in one. Now I“m not so sure. Somewhere along the way my noble ideals crashed into reality, as all noble ideals eventually do. After three years of struggling to balance math, physics and engineering courses with liberal-arts courses, I have learn
42、ed there are reasons why few engineering students try to reconcile(协调) engineering with liberal-arts courses in college. The reality that has blocked my path to becoming the typical successful student is that engineering and the liberal arts simply don“t mix as easily as I assumed in high school. In
43、dividually they shape a person in very different ways; together they threaten to confuse. The struggle to reconcile the two fields of study is difficult.（分数：10.00）(1).The author chose to study engineering at a small liberal-arts university because he _.（分数：2.00）A.wanted to be an example of practical
44、ity and rationalityB.intended to be a combination of engineer and humanistC.wanted to coordinate engineering with liberal-arts courses in collegeD.intended to be a sensible student with noble ideals(2).According to the author, by interacting with people who study liberal arts, engineering students c
45、an _.（分数：2.00）A.balance engineering and the liberal artsB.receive guidance in their careersC.become noble idealistsD.broaden their horizons(3).In the eyes of the author, a successful engineering student is expected _.（分数：2.00）A.to have an excellent academic recordB.to be wise and matureC.to be imagi
46、native with a value system to guide himD.to be a technical genius with a wide vision(4).The author“s experience shows that he was _.（分数：2.00）A.creativeB.ambitiousC.unrealisticD.irrational(5).The word “they“ in “together they threaten to confuse“(Line 3, Para. 5) refers to _.（分数：2.00）A.engineering an
47、d the liberal artsB.reality and noble idealsC.flexibility and a value systemD.practicality and rationality三、Cloze(总题数：2，分数：40.00)13.Part III ClozeDirections: There are ten blanks in the following passage. For each numbered blank, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and m
48、ark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.（分数：20.00）_Educational attitudes in a country may be a【B1】by which its basic cultural values are reflected. To take the American higher education【B2】example, university classrooms share certain identical features though they【B3】from course to course in some aspects. Any student,【B4】their ethnic and social background, is not only allowed but also encouraged to have chances for active participation in class.【B5】, teacher
