1、2016 年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.international reserve currencies（分数：2.00）_3.contaminate（分数：2.00）_4.orphanage（分数：2.00）_5.multilateral cooperation（分数：2.00）_6.external-affairs commissioner（分数：2.00）_7.terrorist attack（分数：2.00）_8.open ports to foreign trade（
2、分数：2.00）_9.vehicle exhaust（分数：2.00）_10.live TV broadcast（分数：2.00）_11.insurance policy（分数：2.00）_12.put oneself in someones shoes（分数：2.00）_13.jeopardize（分数：2.00）_14.intercultural communication（分数：2.00）_15.foreign exchange dealing（分数：2.00）_16.APEC（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.友好合作的伙伴关系（分数：2.00）_19.和平共处（分数：2.00）_
3、20.全民奥运（分数：2.00）_21.不平等条约（分数：2.00）_22.小康社会（分数：2.00）_23.全球化（分数：2.00）_24.感恩节（分数：2.00）_农历_26.紧急出口（分数：2.00）_关税_28.财政部（分数：2.00）_29.通货膨胀（分数：2.00）_30.防御性策略（分数：2.00）_国债_32.欧洲联盟（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：7，分数：10.00)33.英译汉_34.The manufacture of plastics requires a large quantity of heavy machines as well as knowled
4、ge of science. Today the greater part of plastics is manufactured by the worlds great oil refineries and chemical works. Chemical works are factories which produce chemicalsa manmade liquids, gases and solid materials. The refineries and chemical works produce many different kinds of raw plastics, w
5、hich are then taken to the tens of thousands of factories which made plastic products. Machines for making plastic objects are very different from those used for manufacturing articles of wood or metal or other natural materials. For raw plastics must first be softened by heat and then pressed into
6、moulds. It is the moulds which give plastic objects their shapes. These moulds can be of any shape or size. And the same mould can be used over and over again. In fact one mould can produce many thousands of articles before it wears out. This is one of the reasons why plastic things are so cheap.（分数
7、：2.00）_35.There is a difference between knowledge and wisdom, but without the one the other cannot be gained. We cannot have a harvest of wheat without seed and skill of cultivation. Knowledge is the root of wisdom; wisdom is the ripe fruit of knowledge. The love of knowledge has been characteristic
8、 of most great men. They not only loved knowledge but they were willing to work hard to attain it. When a man wins success, people say, “He is a genius.“ But the real cause for his success was that the love of knowledge led to the effort to obtain it. Useful knowledge is the knowledge which is of be
9、nefit to ourselves and to others, and that is the most important which is the most useful. It is the belief of many people that knowledge is better than riches, and that its possession brings more comfort to the owner than anything else. The power of intellectual knowledge, without the owner of mora
10、l principle, often tends to evil. Character is the criterion of knowledge. Not what a man has, but what he is, is the question. The quality of soul is more than the quantity of information. If we have noble purpose, our intellectual attainments will naturally turn to the loftiest uses. (From On Know
11、ledge by W. F. Mark-wick and W. A. Smith)（分数：2.00）_36.The mighty Pacific washes the shores of the continentsNorth America, South America, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica. Its waters mingle in the southeast with the Atlantic Ocean and in the southwest with the Indian Ocean. It is not on the shores of
12、 continents or in the coastal islands, however, that the soul of the great Pacific is found. It lies far out where the fabled South Sea Islands are scattered over the huge ocean like stars in the sky. When white men first came to the Pacific islands, they found that the people living there were like
13、 happy children. They were tall men and beautiful women who seemed not to have a care in the world. Coconut palms and breadfruit trees grew at the doors of their huts. The ocean was filled with turtles and fish, ready for the net. (From Pacific Ocean)（分数：2.00）_37.汉译英_38.国与国之间的交往，特别是经贸互动，既存在着合作，又存在着竞
14、争。我们主张竞争要开放包容，推动各国在竞争中发挥各自的比较优势，实现共同发展。我们主张竞争要平等公平，反对把经贸问题政治化，反对双重标准，也反对歧视性待遇。我们主张竞争要互利共赢，在实现自身利益的同时，要照顾对方的利益，要懂得换位思考，不能以邻为壑、损人利己，更不能人为地设立对手，树立对立面。我们主张竞争要平衡有度，对于那些由于历史原因和现实因素，在竞争当中处于相对不利地位的发展中国家，应该施以援手，尽力去帮助、去扶持，来提高发展中国家的竞争力和可持续发展能力。(选白杨洁篪携手谱写共同发展新篇章)（分数：2.00）_39.三人行，必有我师焉，择其善者而从之，其不善者而改之。我非生而知之者，好古
15、，敏以求之者也。吾十有五而志乎学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲不逾矩。(选自论语(Confucian Analects)（分数：2.00）_2016 年东北师范大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.international reserve currencies（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际储备货币)解析：3.contaminate（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：污染，弄脏)解析：4.orphanage（分数：2.00）_正确答案：
16、(正确答案：孤儿院)解析：5.multilateral cooperation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：多边合作)解析：6.external-affairs commissioner（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：外事专员)解析：7.terrorist attack（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：恐怖袭击)解析：8.open ports to foreign trade（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：开放通商口岸)解析：9.vehicle exhaust（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：汽车尾气)解析：10.live TV broadcas
17、t（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：现场直播)解析：11.insurance policy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：保险单，保单)解析：12.put oneself in someones shoes（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：从别人的立场上去思考问题；换位思考)解析：13.jeopardize（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：危害，危及)解析：14.intercultural communication（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：跨文化交流)解析：15.foreign exchange dealing（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(
18、正确答案：外汇交易)解析：16.APEC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：(Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation)亚洲太平洋经济合作组织(亚太经合组织)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.友好合作的伙伴关系（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：friendly cooperative partnership)解析：19.和平共处（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：peaceful coexistence)解析：20.全民奥运（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：the National Fitness initiated by Olympics)
19、解析：21.不平等条约（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：unequal treaty; unjust treaty)解析：22.小康社会（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：a moderately prosperous society)解析：23.全球化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：globalization)解析：24.感恩节（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Thanksgiving Day)解析：农历_正确答案：(正确答案：lunar calendar)解析：26.紧急出口（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：emergency exit)解析：关税_
20、正确答案：(正确答案：tariff)解析：28.财政部（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：Ministry of Finance; Treasury Department)解析：29.通货膨胀（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：inflation)解析：30.防御性策略（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：defensive strategy)解析：国债_正确答案：(正确答案：national debt; government loan)解析：32.欧洲联盟（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：European Union (EU)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：7，分数：10
21、.00)33.英译汉_解析：34.The manufacture of plastics requires a large quantity of heavy machines as well as knowledge of science. Today the greater part of plastics is manufactured by the worlds great oil refineries and chemical works. Chemical works are factories which produce chemicalsa manmade liquids, g
22、ases and solid materials. The refineries and chemical works produce many different kinds of raw plastics, which are then taken to the tens of thousands of factories which made plastic products. Machines for making plastic objects are very different from those used for manufacturing articles of wood
23、or metal or other natural materials. For raw plastics must first be softened by heat and then pressed into moulds. It is the moulds which give plastic objects their shapes. These moulds can be of any shape or size. And the same mould can be used over and over again. In fact one mould can produce man
24、y thousands of articles before it wears out. This is one of the reasons why plastic things are so cheap.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 生产塑料需要大量的有关重机器以及科学方面的知识。如今，较大部分的塑料都是由世界上大的炼油厂以及化工厂生产。化工厂指的是生产化学制剂(人工液体、气体以及固体物质)的工厂。炼油厂、化工厂生产各种各样的原塑料，然后这些原塑料被送往数以万计的工厂去生产塑料制品。 生产塑料制品的机器与那些生产木制的、金属的或其他天然材料的产品的机器截然不同。原因是原塑料必
25、须先经过高温软化，然后再挤压成模具。就是这些模具使得塑料制品有了形状。这些模具的形状、大小各异，并且同样的模具可以反复使用。事实上，一个模具在它破损之前可以生产出成千上万件物品，这就是为什么塑料制品如此便宜的原因之一。)解析：35.There is a difference between knowledge and wisdom, but without the one the other cannot be gained. We cannot have a harvest of wheat without seed and skill of cultivation. Knowledge i
26、s the root of wisdom; wisdom is the ripe fruit of knowledge. The love of knowledge has been characteristic of most great men. They not only loved knowledge but they were willing to work hard to attain it. When a man wins success, people say, “He is a genius.“ But the real cause for his success was t
27、hat the love of knowledge led to the effort to obtain it. Useful knowledge is the knowledge which is of benefit to ourselves and to others, and that is the most important which is the most useful. It is the belief of many people that knowledge is better than riches, and that its possession brings mo
28、re comfort to the owner than anything else. The power of intellectual knowledge, without the owner of moral principle, often tends to evil. Character is the criterion of knowledge. Not what a man has, but what he is, is the question. The quality of soul is more than the quantity of information. If we have noble purpose, our intellectual attainments will naturally turn to the loftiest us
