1、2014年中南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分:64.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_2.IMO(分数:2.00)_3.CPI(分数:2.00)_4.UNCF(分数:2.00)_5.OECD(分数:2.00)_6.ASEAN(分数:2.00)_7.OAU(分数:2.00)_8.APEC(分数:2.00)_9.AFTA(分数:2.00)_10.GPS(分数:2.00)_11.to ramp up diplomatic engagement(分数:2.00)_12.100,000 strong Initiative(分数:2.00)_1
2、3.a public-private partnership(分数:2.00)_14.to foster new bright spots of Asian cooperation(分数:2.00)_15.to increase strategic trust(分数:2.00)_16.bilateral trade deficit(分数:2.00)_17.汉译英_18.加强政府间的磋商合作(分数:2.00)_19.坚持“政府引导、企业主体、市场运作、互利共赢”的方针(分数:2.00)_20.减少可吸入颗粒(分数:2.00)_21.原油价飙升(分数:2.00)_传销_23.虚拟经济(分数:2.0
3、0)_24.法定准备金率(分数:2.00)_25.上市子公司(分数:2.00)_土豪_27.养老保险(分数:2.00)_28.中国创业板(分数:2.00)_29.社会媒体和大数据迁移研究(分数:2.00)_30.主要经济指标(分数:2.00)_31.产权多元化(分数:2.00)_32.建立定制的信息提取和过滤系统(分数:2.00)_二、英汉互译(总题数:4,分数:4.00)33.英译汉_34.BEAUTY, the saying has it, is only skin deep. Not true. Skin is important(the cosmetics industry prove
4、s that). But so is what lies under it. In particular, the shape of people“s faces, determined by their bone structure, contributes enormously to how beautiful they are. And, since the ultimate point of beauty is to signal who is a good prospect as a mate, what makes a face beautiful is not only an a
5、esthetic matter but also a biological one. How those bone structures arise, and how they communicate desirable traits, are big evolutionary questions.Until now, experiments to try to determine the biological basis of beauty have been of the please-look-at-these-photographs-and-answer-some-questions
6、variety. Some useful and not necessarily obvious results have emerged, such as that one determinant of beauty is facial symmetry.But what would really help is a breeding experiment which allowed the shapes of faces to be followed across the generations to see how those shapes relate to variations in
7、 things that might be desirable in a mate. These might include fertility, fecundity, social status, present health, and likely resistance to future infection and infestation.Correlations between many of these phenomena and attributes of the body-beautiful have, indeed, been established. But in a pai
8、r-forming, highly social species such as Homo sapiens, you also have to live with your co-child-raiser or, at least, collaborate with him or her. So other things may be important in a mate, too, such as an even temper and a friendly outlook.It would be impossible to do such a breeding experiment on
9、people, of course. But as Irene Elia, a biological anthropologist at Cambridge, realised, it has in fact been done, for the past five decades, on a different species of animal. Dr Elia has published her analysis of this experiment in the Quarterly Review of Biology. The animals in question are foxes
10、.(317 words)Key words fecundity 繁殖力 Homo sapiens 智人(分数:2.00)_35.汉译英_36.中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜,坚定不移致力于维护世界和平、促进共同发展。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路,坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策,坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益,绝不会屈服于任何外来压力。中国将始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略,通过深化合作促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。中国人民热爱和平、渴望发展,愿同各国人民一道为人类和平与发展的崇高事业而不懈努力。 中国的发展有力带动了周边国家的共同发展。过去 10年,中国与周边国家贸易额由 1
11、 700多亿美元增加到 1万多亿美元,对周边国家投资以两位数快速增长。中国成为众多周边国家的最大贸易伙伴、投资来源地和游客来源地,给中国和周边国家都带来实实在在的利益,有力地促进了亚洲的和平、稳定与繁荣。展望未来,中国的发展将释放出更大的市场潜力,为周边国家带来更多机遇。“十二五”期间,中国将有 8万亿美元的进口总规模。马来西亚也在努力实现“2020 宏愿”。中国与周边国家在实现各自国家发展战略的进程中,会释放出更大合作潜力和能量。我们希望同亚洲国家人民一道,共同为实现亚洲的发展繁荣而努力奋斗!(465 字)(分数:2.00)_2014年中南大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分:64.00,
12、做题时间:90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数:32,分数:60.00)1.英译汉_解析:2.IMO(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:国际海事组织)解析:3.CPI(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:消费者物价指数)解析:4.UNCF(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:联合国儿童基金)解析:5.OECD(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:经济合作发展组织)解析:6.ASEAN(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:东南亚国家联盟)解析:7.OAU(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:非洲统一组织)解析:8.APEC(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:亚太经贸合
13、作组织)解析:9.AFTA(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:大西洋自由贸易区)解析:10.GPS(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:全球定位系统)解析:11.to ramp up diplomatic engagement(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:加强外交接触)解析:12.100,000 strong Initiative(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:十万人留学中国计划(奥巴马总统于 2009年访华时宣布该计划,目标是到 2014年争取让 10万美国青年人到中国留学)解析:13.a public-private partnership(分数:2.00)
14、_正确答案:(正确答案:公私合营)解析:14.to foster new bright spots of Asian cooperation(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:培育亚洲合作新亮点)解析:15.to increase strategic trust(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:增进战略互信)解析:16.bilateral trade deficit(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:双边贸易逆差)解析:17.汉译英_解析:18.加强政府间的磋商合作(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:strengthen inter-governmental cons
15、ultation and cooperation)解析:19.坚持“政府引导、企业主体、市场运作、互利共赢”的方针(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:a governmentguided,business-led and market-driven approach for win-win progress)解析:20.减少可吸入颗粒(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:reduce inhalable particles)解析:21.原油价飙升(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:crude oil prices surge)解析:传销_正确答案:(正确答案:pyramid s
16、elling)解析:23.虚拟经济(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:virtual economy)解析:24.法定准备金率(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:required reserve ratio)解析:25.上市子公司(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:listed subsidiary)解析:土豪_正确答案:(正确答案:nouveau riche)解析:27.养老保险(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:endowment insurance)解析:28.中国创业板(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:China Growth Enterprise Ma
17、rket)解析:29.社会媒体和大数据迁移研究(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:research in social media and big data transfer)解析:30.主要经济指标(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:major economic indicator)解析:31.产权多元化(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:diversification of property rights)解析:32.建立定制的信息提取和过滤系统(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:establishing a customised information extra
18、ction and filtering system)解析:二、英汉互译(总题数:4,分数:4.00)33.英译汉_解析:34.BEAUTY, the saying has it, is only skin deep. Not true. Skin is important(the cosmetics industry proves that). But so is what lies under it. In particular, the shape of people“s faces, determined by their bone structure, contributes eno
19、rmously to how beautiful they are. And, since the ultimate point of beauty is to signal who is a good prospect as a mate, what makes a face beautiful is not only an aesthetic matter but also a biological one. How those bone structures arise, and how they communicate desirable traits, are big evoluti
20、onary questions.Until now, experiments to try to determine the biological basis of beauty have been of the please-look-at-these-photographs-and-answer-some-questions variety. Some useful and not necessarily obvious results have emerged, such as that one determinant of beauty is facial symmetry.But w
21、hat would really help is a breeding experiment which allowed the shapes of faces to be followed across the generations to see how those shapes relate to variations in things that might be desirable in a mate. These might include fertility, fecundity, social status, present health, and likely resista
22、nce to future infection and infestation.Correlations between many of these phenomena and attributes of the body-beautiful have, indeed, been established. But in a pair-forming, highly social species such as Homo sapiens, you also have to live with your co-child-raiser or, at least, collaborate with
23、him or her. So other things may be important in a mate, too, such as an even temper and a friendly outlook.It would be impossible to do such a breeding experiment on people, of course. But as Irene Elia, a biological anthropologist at Cambridge, realised, it has in fact been done, for the past five
24、decades, on a different species of animal. Dr Elia has published her analysis of this experiment in the Quarterly Review of Biology. The animals in question are foxes.(317 words)Key words fecundity 繁殖力 Homo sapiens 智人(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案: 俗话说,美貌只是虚有其表而已。其实不然,皮肤是很重要的(化妆品行业就是证据),但是皮肤下的器官也很重要,尤其是人的脸型,脸
25、型是由骨骼结构决定的,对美貌有很大程度的影响。美貌的最终目的是表明自己是一个绝佳的伴侣,长出一张漂亮的脸不仅仅是一个审美问题还是一个生物学问题。骨骼的构成以及它们构造美丽容颜的方式都是与进化相关的大问题。 直到现在,要判断美貌的生理基础的实验一直都离不开“请看这些照片”“回答几个问题”之类的办法。也有一些研究结果很有效但并不是很明显,比如其中一个决定美丽的因素就是面部的匀称。 但人类的繁殖实验意义重大,繁殖使人的脸型在代与代之间传承下去,从而可以看出脸型的变化传承配偶美貌的成因。其中包括生育力、繁殖力、社会地位、当前健康状况以及未来的对传染病的抵抗能力。 许多现象和特性的确也都与美貌相关。但人
26、类是成对的高度社会化的物种,需要和配偶共同生活以抚养孩子,或者至少一方抚养,另一方配合。所以一些其他的因素对配偶来说也很重要,比如性情温和以及长相和善。 当然,不可能在人身上做这种繁殖试验。但剑桥大学的生物人类学家艾琳-伊利亚经过 50年终于完成了在一种不同的物种上的繁殖实验。艾琳博士已经把她的实验分析发表在了生物学评论季刊,实验使用的动物都是狐狸。)解析:35.汉译英_解析:36.中国将继续高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜,坚定不移致力于维护世界和平、促进共同发展。中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路,坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策,坚决维护国家主权、安全、发展利益,绝不会屈服于任何外来压力。中国将
27、始终不渝奉行互利共赢的开放战略,通过深化合作促进世界经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长。中国人民热爱和平、渴望发展,愿同各国人民一道为人类和平与发展的崇高事业而不懈努力。 中国的发展有力带动了周边国家的共同发展。过去 10年,中国与周边国家贸易额由 1 700多亿美元增加到 1万多亿美元,对周边国家投资以两位数快速增长。中国成为众多周边国家的最大贸易伙伴、投资来源地和游客来源地,给中国和周边国家都带来实实在在的利益,有力地促进了亚洲的和平、稳定与繁荣。展望未来,中国的发展将释放出更大的市场潜力,为周边国家带来更多机遇。“十二五”期间,中国将有 8万亿美元的进口总规模。马来西亚也在努力实现“2020 宏
28、愿”。中国与周边国家在实现各自国家发展战略的进程中,会释放出更大合作潜力和能量。我们希望同亚洲国家人民一道,共同为实现亚洲的发展繁荣而努力奋斗!(465 字)(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:China will continue to hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit and strive to uphold world peace and common development. China will unswervingly follow the path of peaceful development and firmly pursue an independent foreign policy of peace. We are firm in our resolve to uphold China“s sovereignty, security and development interests and will never