1、2014 年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_2.CBD（分数：2.00）_3.ISBN（分数：2.00）_4.PIN（分数：2.00）_5.FIT World Congress（分数：2.00）_6.physiological chemistry（分数：2.00）_7.re-entry module（分数：2.00）_8.molecular biology of the gene（分数：2.00）_9.castings（分数：2.00）_10.Classical Books of Co
2、nfucius（分数：2.00）_11.infra-red astronomy（分数：2.00）_12.packaging and textile industries（分数：2.00）_13.ampere（分数：2.00）_14.megafossil（分数：2.00）_15.Evolution and Ethics（分数：2.00）_16.microprocessor（分数：2.00）_17.汉译英_18.科技翻译（分数：2.00）_19.机器翻译（分数：2.00）_微博_21.信达雅（分数：2.00）_回译_23.语言服务产业（分数：2.00）_24.交替传译（分数：2.00）_25.翻译
3、记忆库（分数：2.00）_26.归化法（分数：2.00）_27.智能手机（分数：2.00）_28.会议口译（分数：2.00）_29.跨文化交流（分数：2.00）_30.本地化（分数：2.00）_31.中国(上海)自由贸易试验区（分数：2.00）_译审_二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)33.英译汉_34.Stories about the dangers of chemicals leaching from plastic into microwaved food have circulated on the Internet for years. As a result, the F
4、ood and Drug Administration continues to receive inquires from concerned consumers.Consumers can be confident as they heat holiday meals or leftovers in the microwave because the FDA carefully reviews the substances used to make plastics designed for food use.“It“s true that substances used to make
5、plastics can leach into food, “ says Edward Machuga, Ph. D. , a consumer safety officer in the FDA“s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. “But as part of the approval process, the FDA considers the amount of a substance expected to migrate into food and the toxicological concerns about the
6、particular chemical.“ The agency has assessed migration levels of substances added to regulated plastics and has found the levels to be well within the margin of safety based on information available to the agency. The FDA will revisit its safety evaluation if new scientific information raises conce
7、rns.One chemical called diethylhexyl adipate(DEHA)has received a lot of media attention. DEHA is a plasticizer, a substance added to some plastics to make them flexible. DEHA exposure may occur when eating certain foods wrapped in plastics, especially fatty foods such as meat and cheese. But the lev
8、els are very low. The levels of the plasticizer that might be consumed as a result of plastic film use are well below the levels showing no toxic effect in animal studies. KeywordsCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition 食品安全和应用营养中心 toxicological adj. 毒物学的 plasticizer n. 增塑剂（分数：2.00）_35.Boeing i
9、n briefBoeing is the world“s leading aerospace company and the largest manufacturer of commercial jetliners and military aircraft combined. Additionally, Boeing designs and manufactures rotorcraft, electronic and defense systems, missiles, satellites, launch vehicles and advanced information and com
10、munication systems. As a major service provider to NASA, Boeing operates the Space Shuttle and International Space Station. The company also provides numerous military and commercial airline support services. Boeing has customers in more than 90 countries around the world and is one of the largest U
11、. S. exporters in terms of sales.Boeing has a long tradition of aerospace leadership and innovation. The company continues to expand its product line and services to meet emerging customer needs. The broad range of capabilities includes creating new, more efficient members of its commercial airplane
12、 family; integrating military platforms, defense systems and the warfighter through network-centric operations; creating advanced technology solutions; and arranging innovative customer-financing solutions.Headquartered in Chicago, Boeing employs more than 158,000 people across the United States and
13、 in 70 countries. This represents one of the most diverse, talented and innovative workforces anywhere. More than 90,000 of our people hold college degreesincluding nearly 29, 000 advanced degreesin virtually every business and technical field from approximately 2,700 colleges and universities world
14、wide. Key Wordsjetliners n. 喷气式飞机 rotorcraft n. 旋翼式飞机 network-centric operations 网络中心行动（分数：2.00）_36.汉译英_37.食物如果保存不当很快会腐烂。温度和潮气都会助长微生物的繁殖，阳光会破坏牛奶一类食物的维生素成分，所以，大多数食物应该保存在既凉爽、黑暗和干燥又干净、通风良好的地方。 腐烂变质很快的食物，如肉类、蛋类和奶类，应该在 5一 10范围内保存。因为在此温度范围内，微生物的活动大大减少。在气候温暖的情况下，只有在冰箱或房屋的地下室才能保持这个温度。在英国，一年至少有 6 个月时间，在朝北或朝东
15、没有暖气的房间里，这个温度范围可以保持。在通风良好的条件下，这样的房间适合冬季保存食物。【关键词】微生物 nmicroorganisms 繁殖 nmultiplication（分数：2.00）_38.2001 上海国际冶金工业展开幕式致辞 由中国国际贸易促进委员会上海市分会、中国国际商会上海商会赞助，上海宝钢集团公司、上海市国际展览公司和华进有限公司联合主办的 2001 上海国际冶金展，今天在上海国际展览中心隆重开幕了。 请允许我代表上海宝钢集团公司对 2001 上海国际冶金工业展的开幕表示热烈祝贺!向各参展嘉宾特别是远道而来的朋友，表示热烈的欢迎!向提供赞助的各个单位，向关心和支持这次冶金展
16、的中国钢铁工业协会和上海市有关部门的领导，以及为这次冶金展付出辛勤劳动的有关人员表示衷心的感谢! 这次冶金展集中展示了国内外各类先进的冶金、铸造、锻造、热处理等方面的先进技术和设备。展览会期间还将同时举行大型技术交流会。 在世界经济全球化加速发展和中国正式加入 WTO的背景下，一个更加开放、有序的包括冶金产品、冶金技术和冶金装备在内的冶金市场将在上海形成，热诚欢迎国内外朋友来上海开展技术贸易、技术服务以及投资合作!【关键词】中国国际贸易促进委员会上海市分会 China Council for the Promotion of International Trade Shanghai Branc
17、h(CCPIT Shanghai)中国国际商会上海商会 China Chamber of International Commerce Shanghai Chapter (CCOIC Shanghai)2001 上海国际冶金展 The World Metallurgy Expo Shanghai 2001 铸造、锻造、热处理 casting，forging and heat treatment（分数：2.00）_2014 年上海理工大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：68.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：32，分数：60.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.CBD（分数：2.00
18、）_正确答案：(正确答案：中央商务区)解析：3.ISBN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际标准图书编号)解析：4.PIN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：个人身份识别)解析：5.FIT World Congress（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界翻译大会)解析：6.physiological chemistry（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：生理化学)解析：7.re-entry module（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：返回舱)解析：8.molecular biology of the gene（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：基
19、因分子生物学)解析：9.castings（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：铸件)解析：10.Classical Books of Confucius（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：儒家经典著作)解析：11.infra-red astronomy（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：红外线天文学)解析：12.packaging and textile industries（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：包装和纺织工业)解析：13.ampere（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：安培)解析：14.megafossil（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：大
20、化石)解析：15.Evolution and Ethics（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：天演论)解析：16.microprocessor（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：微处理器)解析：17.汉译英_解析：18.科技翻译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：scientific translation)解析：19.机器翻译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：machine translation)解析：微博_正确答案：(正确答案：microblog)解析：21.信达雅（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：faithfulness，expressiveness
21、and elegance)解析：回译_正确答案：(正确答案：back translation)解析：23.语言服务产业（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：language service industry)解析：24.交替传译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：consecutive translation)解析：25.翻译记忆库（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：translation memory)解析：26.归化法（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：domestication)解析：27.智能手机（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：smart phone)解
22、析：28.会议口译（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：conference interpreting)解析：29.跨文化交流（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：cross-cultural communication)解析：30.本地化（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：localization)解析：31.中国(上海)自由贸易试验区（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone)解析：译审_正确答案：(正确答案：first-grade translator)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：8.00)3
23、3.英译汉_解析：34.Stories about the dangers of chemicals leaching from plastic into microwaved food have circulated on the Internet for years. As a result, the Food and Drug Administration continues to receive inquires from concerned consumers.Consumers can be confident as they heat holiday meals or lefto
24、vers in the microwave because the FDA carefully reviews the substances used to make plastics designed for food use.“It“s true that substances used to make plastics can leach into food, “ says Edward Machuga, Ph. D. , a consumer safety officer in the FDA“s Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
25、. “But as part of the approval process, the FDA considers the amount of a substance expected to migrate into food and the toxicological concerns about the particular chemical.“ The agency has assessed migration levels of substances added to regulated plastics and has found the levels to be well with
26、in the margin of safety based on information available to the agency. The FDA will revisit its safety evaluation if new scientific information raises concerns.One chemical called diethylhexyl adipate(DEHA)has received a lot of media attention. DEHA is a plasticizer, a substance added to some plastic
27、s to make them flexible. DEHA exposure may occur when eating certain foods wrapped in plastics, especially fatty foods such as meat and cheese. But the levels are very low. The levels of the plasticizer that might be consumed as a result of plastic film use are well below the levels showing no toxic
28、 effect in animal studies. KeywordsCenter for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition 食品安全和应用营养中心 toxicological adj. 毒物学的 plasticizer n. 增塑剂（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 危险的化学物质从塑料渗入微波食物的说法已经在网络上流传了多年。结果，食品和药物管理局连续收到一些表示担心的消费者的询问。 消费者可以大胆地用微波炉去加热节庆食品以及剩饭，因为食药局认真检查了用于制造食物所用的塑料的化学物质。 “用于制造塑料的化学物质确实会渗进食物”，爱德华?马楚葛博士说，他是食药局食品安全和应用营养中心负责消费者安全的官员。“但作为审批流程的一部分，食药局会仔细考虑渗入食物的化学物质的分量以及与特定化学材料相关的毒物化学的物质。”食药局已经对添加到规定塑料中的物质的渗入水平作了评估，以分析出的信息在看，渗入的水平正好在安全系数之内。若再出现新的科研信息，食药局会对安全监测结果重新评估。 有一种叫作己二酸二辛已酯的化学物质已
