1、2012年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷及答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英译汉_2.DDN（分数：2.00）_3.HDTV（分数：2.00）_4.SCI（分数：2.00）_5.IDD（分数：2.00）_6.OAPEC（分数：2.00）_7.PNTR（分数：2.00）_8.VAT（分数：2.00）_9.CPI（分数：2.00）_10.CAC（分数：2.00）_11.World Conservation Union（分数：2.00）_12.financing vehicle（分数：2.00）_13.Home services
2、industry（分数：2.00）_14.Global positioning system（分数：2.00）_15.International Federation of Translators（分数：2.00）_16.Domesticating（分数：2.00）_17.The Financial Times（分数：2.00）_18.The Daily Telegraph（分数：2.00）_19.Group of Eight（分数：2.00）_20.International Federation for Information and Documentation（分数：2.00）_21.A
3、sia Pacific Internet Research Alliance（分数：2.00）_22.汉译英_23.行政问责（分数：2.00）_24.生态友好城市（分数：2.00）_25.节能减排（分数：2.00）_26.胶囊公寓（分数：2.00）_27.超级网银（分数：2.00）_28.拳头产品（分数：2.00）_29.复合型人才（分数：2.00）_30.泡沫经济（分数：2.00）_31.替代疗法（分数：2.00）_32.探月工程（分数：2.00）_33.以人为本（分数：2.00）_34.提高全民环保意识（分数：2.00）_35.学生减负（分数：2.00）_36.安居工程（分数：2.00）_
4、37.形象小姐先生（分数：2.00）_38.风险投资（分数：2.00）_39.超生人口（分数：2.00）_40.技术转让协议（分数：2.00）_41.翻译质量评估（分数：2.00）_42.全球化顾问（分数：2.00）_二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_44.Add a comma to the present clause, and, of a sudden, the mind is, quite literally, given pause to think; take it out if you wish or forget it and the mind is de
5、prived of a resting place. Yet still the comma gets no respect. It seems just a slip of a thing, a pedant“s tick, a blip on the edge of our consciousness, a kind of printer“s smudge almost. Small, we claim, is beautiful. Yet what is so often used, and so rarely called, as the commaunless it be breat
6、h itself?Punctuation becomes the signature of cultures. The hot-blooded Spaniard seems to be revealed in the passion and urgency of his doubled exclamation points and question marks, while the impassive Chinese traditionally added to his so-called inscrutability by omitting directions from his ideog
7、rams.Punctuation is something more than a culture“s birthmark; it scores the music in our minds, gets our thoughts moving to the rhythm of our hearts. Punctuation is the notation in the sheet music of our words, telling us when to rest, or when to raise our voices; it acknowledges that the meaning o
8、f our discourse, as of any symphonic composition, lies not only in the units but in the pauses, the pacing and the phrasing.Sometimes our markings may be simply a matter of aesthetics. Popping in a comma can be like slipping on the necklace that gives an outfit quiet elegance, or like catching the s
9、ound of running water that complements as it completes the silence of a Chinese landscape.Thus a comma gives us breath and heft and depth. A world that has only periods is a world without inflections. It is a world without shade. It is a music without sharps and flats. It is a martial music. It has
10、a jackboot rhythm. Words cannot bend and curve. A comma, by comparison, catches the gentle drift of the mind in thought, turning in on itself and back on itself, reversing, redoubling and returning along the course of its own sweet river music.（分数：2.00）_45.汉译英_46.全面加强人才工作。以高层次和高技能人才为重点，加快培养造就一大批创新型科
11、技人才和急需紧缺人才。加大人才开发投入，推进重大人才工程。深化选人用人制度改革，努力营造平等公开、竞争择优的制度和社会环境，激励优秀人才脱颖而出，创造人尽其才的良好局面。 中国政府坚持“支持留学、鼓励回国、来去自由”的留学方针，努力拓宽留学渠道，积极吸引人才回国，为留学人员回国工作、为国服务、回国创业提供支持，创造良好的生活和工作环境。中国积极利用国际教育培训资源培养人才，实施领导干部经济管理培训项目、高级公务员海外培训项目等培训计划。中国政府积极引进国外智力，2009 年来中国大陆工作的境外专家约 48万人次。2009 年末持外国人就业证在中国工作的外国人共 223 万人。截至2009年底，
12、中国累计授予 1 099名外国专家“友谊奖”，授予 43名外国专家“国际科学技术合作奖”。（分数：2.00）_2012年中国矿业大学英语翻译基础真题试卷答案解析(总分：84.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、词语翻译(总题数：42，分数：80.00)1.英译汉_解析：2.DDN（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：数字数据网)解析：3.HDTV（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：高清晰度电视)解析：4.SCI（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：科学引文索引)解析：5.IDD（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际直拨长途电话)解析：6.OAPEC（分数：2.00）_正确答案
13、：(正确答案：阿拉伯石油输出国组织)解析：7.PNTR（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：永久性正常贸易关系)解析：8.VAT（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：增值税)解析：9.CPI（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：消费者物价指数)解析：10.CAC（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：账户管理中心)解析：11.World Conservation Union（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：世界自然保护联盟)解析：12.financing vehicle（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：融资工具)解析：13.Home services indust
14、ry（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：家政服务业)解析：14.Global positioning system（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：全球定位系统)解析：15.International Federation of Translators（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际翻译工作者联合会)解析：16.Domesticating（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：归化)解析：17.The Financial Times（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：金融时报)解析：18.The Daily Telegraph（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(
15、正确答案：每日电讯报)解析：19.Group of Eight（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：八国集团(美、德、英、法、意、加、日、俄)解析：20.International Federation for Information and Documentation（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：国际文献联合会)解析：21.Asia Pacific Internet Research Alliance（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：亚太互联网研究联盟)解析：22.汉译英_解析：23.行政问责（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：administrative ac
16、countability)解析：24.生态友好城市（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：ecofriendly city)解析：25.节能减排（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：energy saving and emission reduction)解析：26.胶囊公寓（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：capsule apartment)解析：27.超级网银（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：super Intemet banking)解析：28.拳头产品（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：fistcompetitive product)解析：29.复合型人才（
17、分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：inter-disciplinary talent)解析：30.泡沫经济（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：bubble economy)解析：31.替代疗法（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：alternative therapy)解析：32.探月工程（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：lunar exploration)解析：33.以人为本（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：peopleoriented)解析：34.提高全民环保意识（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：raise the environmental pro
18、tection awareness of the whole nation)解析：35.学生减负（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：alleviate the burden on students)解析：36.安居工程（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：affordable housing project)解析：37.形象小姐先生（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：image representative of a product or a brand)解析：38.风险投资（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：venture investment)解析：39.超生人口（分
19、数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：extra binh)解析：40.技术转让协议（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：technology transfer agreement)解析：41.翻译质量评估（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：translation quality assessment)解析：42.全球化顾问（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案：global consultants)解析：二、英汉互译(总题数：4，分数：4.00)43.英译汉_解析：44.Add a comma to the present clause, and, of a sudden, th
20、e mind is, quite literally, given pause to think; take it out if you wish or forget it and the mind is deprived of a resting place. Yet still the comma gets no respect. It seems just a slip of a thing, a pedant“s tick, a blip on the edge of our consciousness, a kind of printer“s smudge almost. Small
21、, we claim, is beautiful. Yet what is so often used, and so rarely called, as the commaunless it be breath itself?Punctuation becomes the signature of cultures. The hot-blooded Spaniard seems to be revealed in the passion and urgency of his doubled exclamation points and question marks, while the im
22、passive Chinese traditionally added to his so-called inscrutability by omitting directions from his ideograms.Punctuation is something more than a culture“s birthmark; it scores the music in our minds, gets our thoughts moving to the rhythm of our hearts. Punctuation is the notation in the sheet mus
23、ic of our words, telling us when to rest, or when to raise our voices; it acknowledges that the meaning of our discourse, as of any symphonic composition, lies not only in the units but in the pauses, the pacing and the phrasing.Sometimes our markings may be simply a matter of aesthetics. Popping in a comma can be like slipping on the necklace that gives an outfit quiet elegance, or like catching the sound of running water that complements as it completes the si
