1、英汉翻译教程自考题-32 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:9,分数:9.00)1.The cold winter of 19571958, when freezing temperatures gripped northern Florida, gave an unexpected opportunity to start the program._ A.1957 至 1958 年冬季,天气严寒,佛罗里达州北部地区气温骤然降至冰点,这就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。 B.1957 至 1958 年冬季,低温突袭佛罗里达州北部地区,这就为开始进行这项
2、计划提供了意外的好机会。 C.1957 年冬季,天气严寒,佛罗里达州北部地区气温骤然降至冰点,这就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。 D.当低温突袭佛罗里达州北部地区的时候,1957 冬季就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.2.Lincoln was a good speaker and student of political philosophy._ A.林肯口才好,对政治哲学颇有研究。 B.林肯能言善辩,是政治哲学系的学生。 C.林肯口才好,是政治哲学系的学生。 D.林肯能言善辩,对政治哲学颇有研究。(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.3.按照联合
3、国海洋法公约的规定,中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行便王权和管辖权。_ A.As defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones. B.Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and j
4、urisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones. C.China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones. D.China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the
5、 Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.4.海洋覆盖了地球表面的 71%,是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分。_ A.The ocean covers 71 percent of the earths surface and it is a basic component of the global bio-support system. B.The ocean, which
6、covers 71 percent of the earths surface, is a basic component of the global bio-support system. C.F100ding 71 percent of the earths surface, the ocean forms a basic component of the global bio-support system, D.The ocean, which is a basic component of the global bio-support system, covers 71 percent
7、 of the earths surface.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.5.人们跑来跑去,显然发生了不寻常的事情。_ A.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened. B.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened. C.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened
8、. D.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.6.What mixed weather, now fine now showery._ A.天气混到一块了,现在又晴又有阵雨。 B.多难捉摸的天气,时而晴,时而雨。 C.现在又晴又下雨,不知是什么把天气混到一块了。 D.这边晴着那边却下着雨,是什么把他们混到一起了。(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.7.He had hitched his star to Hitler, to whom alone he
9、owed his sensational rise in life._ A.他已把他的命运之星系在希特勒身上了,他把他的生命中的上浮全归功于希特勒。 B.他早已把自己的命运和希特勒联系在一起了,他所以能飞黄腾达完全是靠了希特勒。 C.他已把他的仕途寄托在希特勒身上了,正是由于希特勒,他才能飞黄腾达。 D.他已把自己的命运之星系在希特勒身上了,他的成功完全是由希特勒带来的。(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.8.他惧怕他会死。_ A.He is afraid of dying. B.He is afraid of death. C.He is afraid to die. D.He is afra
10、id that he will die.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.9.Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him._ A.由于他未能回答所问问题的一半,警察对他产生了怀疑。 B.他未能回答他们所问问题的一半,警察对他怀疑了。 C.未能回答他们所问问题的一半,使警察对他起了疑心。 D.他未能回答他们所问问题的一半,致使警察对他产生了怀疑。(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)10.applied entomo
11、logy(分数:2.00)_11.consecutive interpretation(分数:2.00)_12.global positioning system(分数:2.00)_13.amount of freshwater resources(分数:2.00)_14.natural resources per capita(分数:2.00)_15.UN Convention(分数:2.00)_16.sedimentation basins(分数:2.00)_17.bio-support system(分数:2.00)_18.the regenerable energy resources
12、(分数:2.00)_19.sustainable development(分数:2.00)_四、BB(总题数:8,分数:16.00)渔场_前言_22.调节器(分数:2.00)_23.观光景点(分数:2.00)_24.专属经济区(分数:2.00)_纬度_26.大陆架(分数:2.00)_双赢_五、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)六、BA(总题数:9,分数:17.00)28.He wished that he had asked her to dance, and that he knew her name. 译文:他真希望自己请她跳了舞,又知道了她的芳名,那该有多好。(分数:1.00)_29.In
13、 the summer of 1969, the administration publicly urged an easing of tensions with China. 译文:在 1969 年夏天,政府公开主张缓和同中国的紧张。(分数:2.00)_30.From the evaporation of water people know that liquids can turn into gases under certain condition. 译文:人们从水的蒸发了解到,液体在一定条件下能变成气体。(分数:2.00)_31.When it is dark in the east,
14、 it is light in the west;when things are dark in the south, there is still light in the north. 译文:当东方黑暗的时候,西方是亮的;当南方黑暗的时候,北方依然有光亮。(分数:2.00)_32.If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 译文:如果冬天来了,那么春天还会远吗?(分数:2.00)_33.An American officer slipped on a banana skin. 译文:一个美国军官滑倒在香蕉皮上。(分数:2.00)_34.The ye
15、ar 1687 saw the publication of Newtons great book The Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy. 译文:一六八七年看到了牛顿的巨著自然哲学的数学原理的问世。(分数:2.00)_35.Suppose the preparatory work should not be completed. 译文:设想准备工作完成不了。(分数:2.00)_36.He dismissed the meeting without a closing speech. 译文:没有闭幕词他就结束了会议。(分数:2.00)
16、_七、BB(总题数:4,分数:8.00)37.中国拥有大陆海岸线 18000 多公里。 译文:China boasts of a country coastline of more than 18,000km.(分数:2.00)_38.中国海域有丰富的海水资源和海洋可再生能源。 译文:Chinas sea territory abounds in seawater resources and regenerable marine energy resources.(分数:2.00)_39.中国是一个发展中的沿海大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护,把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略。译文:China
17、 is a major developing country with a long coastline, China attaches great importance to marine development and protection, and takes it as the states development strategy.(分数:2.00)_40.淡水资源人均占有量仅为世界平均水平的 1/4。 译文:The amount of freshwater resources per capita is only one-fourth the world average level
18、.(分数:2.00)_八、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)九、BA(总题数:1,分数:10.00)41.One reason for studying psychology is to help you deal with your children. Perhaps your daughter refuses to go to bed when you want her to and bursts into tears at the least mention of “light out“. A little knowledge of psychology will come in hand
19、y. Offer her a choice of staying up until 7:30 with you or going upstairs and playing until 8:00. Since she gets to make the choice, she does not feel so powerless and will not therefore resist. Psychology is also useful in rewarding a child for a job well done. Instead of telling your 10 years old
20、son what a good boy he is when he makes his own bed, tell him how neat it looks, how happy you are to see it, and how proud of him you are for doing it by himself. The psychology book will tell you that being a good boy is much harder to live up than doing one job well.(分数:10.00)_十、BB(总题数:2,分数:20.00
21、)42.即将到来的 21 世纪是人类开发利用海洋的新世纪。维护联合国海洋法公约确定的国际海洋法律原则,维护海洋健康,保护海洋环境,确保海洋资源的可持续利用和海上安全,已成为人类共同遵守的准则和共同担负的使命。(分数:10.00)_43.中国是一个发展中的大国。中国高度重视海洋的开发和保护,把发展海洋事业作为国家发展战略,加强海洋综合治理,不断完善海洋法律制度,积极发展海洋科学技术和教育。中国积极参与联合国系统的海洋事务,推进国家间和地区性海洋领域的合作,并认真履行自己承担的义务,为全球海洋开发和保护事业做出了积极贡献。(分数:10.00)_英汉翻译教程自考题-32 答案解析(总分:100.00
22、,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:9,分数:9.00)1.The cold winter of 19571958, when freezing temperatures gripped northern Florida, gave an unexpected opportunity to start the program._ A.1957 至 1958 年冬季,天气严寒,佛罗里达州北部地区气温骤然降至冰点,这就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。 B.1957 至 1958 年冬季,低温突袭佛罗里达州北部地区,这就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。 C.1957 年冬季,天气严寒
23、,佛罗里达州北部地区气温骤然降至冰点,这就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。 D.当低温突袭佛罗里达州北部地区的时候,1957 冬季就为开始进行这项计划提供了意外的好机会。(分数:1.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 “the cold winter of 19571958”指的是 1957 至 1958 年之间的冬天,即 1957 年的冬天,也可从 winter 的单数形式看出来。A 和 B 项将此处翻译为“1957 年和 1958 年的冬天”是不准确的;D 项没有将 freezing temperatures gripped northern Florida 表达的意思完整地翻译出来
24、。2.Lincoln was a good speaker and student of political philosophy._ A.林肯口才好,对政治哲学颇有研究。 B.林肯能言善辩,是政治哲学系的学生。 C.林肯口才好,是政治哲学系的学生。 D.林肯能言善辩,对政治哲学颇有研究。(分数:1.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 本题考查翻译中词性转换和词组关系技巧。在英译汉中,常根据汉语表达习惯对英文原句的词性词组关系进行一定转换。a good speaker,原意为一个好的说话者,意指口才好。若将该词组直接译为“能言善辩”,则限制了原意,因为“口才好”的含义远宽于“能言善辩”。这里译
25、文将 a good speaker 处理成一个主谓结构,符合汉语表达习惯。对于 student,名词指学生、研究人员;翻译时,可转化为动词,指学习、研究,以便于汉语表达。在这里,political philosophy,是一学科而非院系,由此,可直接排除 B、C。good 修饰 speaker 和 student,a good student of political philosophy 字面意思是政治哲学的好学生、研究员,经动词化 student 后,可译为“对学习得很好,对颇有研究”。3.按照联合国海洋法公约的规定,中国还对广阔的大陆架和专属经济区行便王权和管辖权。_ A.As defi
26、ned by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones. B.Defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, China also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves
27、and exclusive economic zones. C.China defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdiction over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones. D.China as defined by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea also exercises sovereignty and jurisdicti
28、on over the vast continental shelves and exclusive economic zones.(分数:1.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 as defined by.(按照规定)是一个固定短语,排除选项 B、C。D 选项中 China 的后置定语成分太长,显得层次感差,不如 A 项中将其单独译为一个状语成分,显得简洁、清晰。4.海洋覆盖了地球表面的 71%,是全球生命支持系统的一个基本组成部分。_ A.The ocean covers 71 percent of the earths surface and it is a basic componen
29、t of the global bio-support system. B.The ocean, which covers 71 percent of the earths surface, is a basic component of the global bio-support system. C.F100ding 71 percent of the earths surface, the ocean forms a basic component of the global bio-support system, D.The ocean, which is a basic compon
30、ent of the global bio-support system, covers 71 percent of the earths surface.(分数:1.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 原句主要想表达的重点是海洋是全球生命系统的一个基本组成部分,覆盖了地球表面的 71%是用来修饰描述海洋的。A 项中 and 连接了前后两个并列的句子,没有表达原句的重点;D 项将“是全球部分”译为了定语从句,只是起了一个补充说明的作用,而并不是句子的重点;C 项中的 flood 意为淹没、泛滥(造成灾害),与原句“覆盖”的含义不同。应该译为 a component of。5.人们跑来跑去,显然
31、发生了不寻常的事情。_ A.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened. B.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened. C.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened. D.People ran back and forth, obviously, something
32、 unusual had been happened.(分数:1.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 “事情发生”可以用动词 happen,happen 为不及物动词,没有被动语态,故排除 C 项和 D项。A 项和 B 项中后半句相同,用的都是过去完成时,且表示过去某种现象的原因,即“人们跑来跑去”的原因是“发生了不寻常的事情”。A 项中两个句子中没有连词出现,副词 obviously 不可充当连词。6.What mixed weather, now fine now showery._ A.天气混到一块了,现在又晴又有阵雨。 B.多难捉摸的天气,时而晴,时而雨。 C.现在又晴又下雨,不知是什
33、么把天气混到一块了。 D.这边晴着那边却下着雨,是什么把他们混到一起了。(分数:1.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 本题是对 mixed 的词义考查。本句中的 mixed 是形容词,并非是 mix(混合)的过去式。A、C 和 D 项不但将 mixed 当作动词来理解,而且直译为“混合”也不准确。形容天气时,应该将 mixed理解成“阴晴不定、难以捉摸”比较准确。7.He had hitched his star to Hitler, to whom alone he owed his sensational rise in life._ A.他已把他的命运之星系在希特勒身上了,他把他的生命
34、中的上浮全归功于希特勒。 B.他早已把自己的命运和希特勒联系在一起了,他所以能飞黄腾达完全是靠了希特勒。 C.他已把他的仕途寄托在希特勒身上了,正是由于希特勒,他才能飞黄腾达。 D.他已把自己的命运之星系在希特勒身上了,他的成功完全是由希特勒带来的。(分数:1.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 sensational rise 意为很有成就的提升,即获得成功或变得飞黄腾达,因此 A 项的直译显得意思不清晰;stars 在本句中指命运、未来,因此 C 项的翻译不准确;相对于 D 项来说,B 项译出了句子最本质的意义,显得清晰明了。8.他惧怕他会死。_ A.He is afraid of dyi
35、ng. B.He is afraid of death. C.He is afraid to die. D.He is afraid that he will die.(分数:1.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 我们先要理解给出的中文句子的含义,“他惧怕他会死”是说死的情况是会发生在以后的不确定的时间,因此用将来时态表示会更加准确。9.Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him._ A.由于他未能回答所问问题的一半,警察对他产生了怀疑。 B.他未能回答他们所问问题的一半,警察对他怀疑
36、了。 C.未能回答他们所问问题的一半,使警察对他起了疑心。 D.他未能回答他们所问问题的一半,致使警察对他产生了怀疑。(分数:1.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 C 项的翻译缺少主语,是错误的;D 项的翻译中,“他们”指代不清晰;A 项运用了关联词语“由于”,很好地表达出了句子中隐含的因果关系。二、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)三、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)10.applied entomology(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(应用昆虫学)解析:11.consecutive interpretation(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(交替传译(交传)解析:12.global positioning system(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(全球卫星定位系统)解析:13.amount of freshwater resources(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(淡水资源总量)解析:14.natural resources per capita(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(自然资源人均占有量)解析:15.UN Convention(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(联合国公约)解析:16.sedimentation basins(分数:2.00)_