1、英汉翻译教程自考题-24 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：8，分数：16.00)1.通过改造中低产田，可使每公顷产量提高 1500 公斤以上。_ A.The grain output per hectare can be increased by more than 1500kg after the upgrading of medium-and low-yield land. B.The grain output per hectare can be increased by more than 1500kg through the upgrading
2、of medium-and low-yield land. C.It is possible for the grain output per hectare to be increased by more than 1500kg after the upgrading of medium-and low-yield land. D.It is possible for the grain output per hectare to be increased by more than 1500kg if the medium-and low-yield land is upgrade.（分数：
3、2.00）A.B.C.D.2.Given a relatively stable sown area, China can achieve its desired total grain output target._ A.给中国相对稳定的耕地面积，就可以达到渴望的粮食总产量目标。 B.给中国相对稳定的耕地面积，就可以达到要求的全部粮食产量目标。 C.给相对稳定的播种面积，中国可以取得渴望的总粮食总产出目标。 D.在播种面积相对稳定的前提下，中国就可以达到预期的粮食总产量目标。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.这是中国粮食再上新台阶的巨大动力。_ A.This is a great mot
4、ive force to make Chinas grain climb on a new step. B.This is a great motive force to make Chinas grain go a step further. C.This will enable China to go a step further in grain production. D.This will enable Chinas grain production to go a step further.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.中国现有草地面积 3.9 亿公顷，其中可利用面积 3.
5、2 亿公顷，居世界第三位。_ A.China has a grassland area of 390 million hectares, of which about 320 million hectares can be used, which places China third in the area of usable grassland. B.China has a 390 million hectares grassland. In the grassland, about 320 million hectares can be used, and it place China t
6、hird in the world in the area of usable grassland. C.There is 390 million hectares grassland in China, of which about 320 million hectares can be used, which places China third in the world in the area of usable grassland. D.There is 390 million hectares grassland in China. Among these hectares, we
7、can use about 320 million hectares, and it makes china ranking the third in the world in the area of usable grassland.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.中国水域、草原、山地资源丰富，开发潜力巨大。_ A.Chinas water, grassland and sloping land resources are rich and the potential for exploitation is great. B.Rich in water, grassland and s
8、loping land resources, Chinas potential for exploitation is great. C.China has rich water, grassland and sloping land resources, which have great potential for exploitation. D.Chinas water, grassland and sloping land resources which have great potential for exploitation are rich.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.A
9、 nations greatest wealth is the industry of its people._ A.一个国家最大的财富就是民族工业。 B.一个国家最大的财富就是人民的勤劳。 C.一个民族最大的财富就是人民的工业。 D.一个民族最大的财富就是民众的兴旺。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.今年第一季度的产量比去年同期增加了 12.5%。_ A.The production increased by 12.5 percent between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year. B
10、.The production increased 12.5 times between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year. C.The production increased 12.5 percent between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year. D.The production increased 87.5 percent between January and March compa
11、red with the corresponding period last year.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.中国有 12 亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。_ A.China has a population of more than 12 million, and its land natural resources that everyone own are lower than the worlds average. B.China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natur
12、al resources that everyone own are lower than the worlds average level. C.There are more than 12 billion people in China, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the worlds average level. D.China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita ar
13、e lower than the worlds average.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.二、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BA(总题数：8，分数：16.00)9.arable land（分数：2.00）_10.basic principle（分数：2.00）_11.at the present stage（分数：2.00）_12.the total grain output target（分数：2.00）_13.water-control projects（分数：2.00）_14.self-sufficiency through self-reliance（分数：2.00）_1
14、5.inland waters（分数：2.00）_16.CPI（分数：2.00）_四、BB(总题数：9，分数：18.00)17.复种指数（分数：2.00）_18.单位面积产量（分数：2.00）_19.青藏铁路（分数：2.00）_20.水产品（分数：2.00）_21.集约化（分数：2.00）_供需_23.和谐社会（分数：2.00）_24.节能减排（分数：2.00）_25.中共十七大（分数：2.00）_五、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、BA(总题数：5，分数：14.00)26.Natural agricultural resources, production conditions, tec
15、hnical level and some other conditions ensure great potential in this respect. 译文：自然农业资源、生产条件、技术水平和其他条件，保证在这方面有很大潜力。（分数：3.00）_27.In the next few decades China plans to reclaim more than 300,000 hectares each year to make up for the loss of cultivated land appropriated for non-farming uses and to kee
16、p the area of cultivated land constant for a long period of time. 译文：在未来的几十年，中国计划每年开发复垦 30 万公顷以上，以补偿适用于非农业的耕地的流失，保持耕地面积的长期稳定。（分数：3.00）_28.New booster can increase the payload by 120%. 译文：新型助推器能使有效负载增加到120%。（分数：3.00）_29.This plot is three times larger than that one. 译文：这块地是那块地的三倍。（分数：3.00）_30.Wheel A
17、 turns twenty percent faster than wheel B. 译文：A 轮转动速度是 B 轮的 20%。（分数：2.00）_七、BB(总题数：8，分数：16.00)31.提高现有耕地单位面积产量有潜力。 译文：Increasing the yield per unit area on the existing cultivated land has potential.（分数：2.00）_32.中国现有宜农荒地 3500 万公顷，其中可开垦为耕地的约有 1470 万公顷。 译文：China now has 3.5 million hectares of wastelan
18、d which are suitable for farming. Of this, about 1.47 million hectares can be reclaimed.（分数：2.00）_33.现阶段中国已经实现了粮食的基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具有诸多有利因素。 译文：China has basically achieved self-sufficiency in grain at the present stage, and there are many favorable objective factors for her to ma
19、intain self-sufficiency in grain by her own efforts in the course of future development.（分数：2.00）_34.立足国内资源、实现粮食基本自给是中国解决粮食供需问题的基本方针。 译文：The domestic resources and basically achieve self-sufficiency in grain are the basic principle to solve the problem of grain supply and demand in China.（分数：2.00）_3
20、5.中国同一类型地区粮食单产水平悬殊，高的每公顷 750015000 公斤，低的只有 30005000 公斤。 译文：At present, in China the per unit area yields of grain are different in the same kind of districts. The higher yield is 7,500kg to 15,000kg per hectare, and the lower yield is 3,000kg to 5, 000kg.（分数：2.00）_36.每公顷粮食产量可以提高 1500 公斤以上。 译文：The gr
21、ain output per hectare can be increased more than 1500kg.（分数：2.00）_37.到 2000 年使科技进步对农业的贡献率提高到 60%。 译文：By 2000 the contribution rate of science and technology to agriculture will increase by 60 percent.（分数：2.00）_38.如果将各环节的损失降至合理范围，每年至少可节约粮食 2000 万吨。 译文：If such losses are reduced to the rational range
22、, at least 20 million tons of grain can be saved every year.（分数：2.00）_八、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)九、BA(总题数：1，分数：10.00)39.The people were there, and the landthe first dazed and bleeding and hungry, and, when winter came, shivering in their rags in the hovels which the bombings had made of their homes, the seco
23、nd a vast wasteland of rubble. The German people had not been destroyed, as Hitler, who had tried to destroy so many other peoples and, in the end, when the war was lost, themselves, had wished.（分数：10.00）_十、BB(总题数：1，分数：10.00)40.立足国内资源，实现粮食基本自给，是中国解决粮食供需问题的基本方针。中国将努力促进粮食增产，确保在正常情况下粮食自给率不低于 95%，净进口量不超
24、过国内消费量的 5%。 现阶段中国已经实现了粮食基本自给，在未来的发展过程中，中国依靠自己的力量实现粮食基本自给，客观上具备诸多有利因素。根据中国农业自然资源、生产条件、技术水平和其他发展条件，粮食增产潜力很大。（分数：10.00）_英汉翻译教程自考题-24 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B(总题数：8，分数：16.00)1.通过改造中低产田，可使每公顷产量提高 1500 公斤以上。_ A.The grain output per hectare can be increased by more than 1500kg after the upgrading of m
25、edium-and low-yield land. B.The grain output per hectare can be increased by more than 1500kg through the upgrading of medium-and low-yield land. C.It is possible for the grain output per hectare to be increased by more than 1500kg after the upgrading of medium-and low-yield land. D.It is possible f
26、or the grain output per hectare to be increased by more than 1500kg if the medium-and low-yield land is upgrade.（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 (1)本句是无主句，因此把宾语译为主语从而解决问题，这是翻译无主句的一个常用方法。A 和 B 项即是如此处理的。(2)本句的关键在于对“通过”的翻译。凭习惯就可选出用 through 的 B 项正确；after 常表时间、位置，if 常表条件，本句中的“通过”显然是一种“方式”。2.Given a relatively sta
27、ble sown area, China can achieve its desired total grain output target._ A.给中国相对稳定的耕地面积，就可以达到渴望的粮食总产量目标。 B.给中国相对稳定的耕地面积，就可以达到要求的全部粮食产量目标。 C.给相对稳定的播种面积，中国可以取得渴望的总粮食总产出目标。 D.在播种面积相对稳定的前提下，中国就可以达到预期的粮食总产量目标。（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 本题考查 desired 的用法。desired 既可以作动词 desire 的过去式，意为“渴望，期望”，也可以作形容词，意为“渴望的，期待的
28、”。本题涉及其形容词的用法。“粮食产量”是并不随人的主观愿望而增加或减少，也不是人为要求，故用“渴望”或“要求”都不准确；而应该是根据客观实际制定的目标，用“预期”来表达比较准确。3.这是中国粮食再上新台阶的巨大动力。_ A.This is a great motive force to make Chinas grain climb on a new step. B.This is a great motive force to make Chinas grain go a step further. C.This will enable China to go a step further
29、 in grain production. D.This will enable Chinas grain production to go a step further.（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 “再上新台阶”的并不是“中国粮食”，而是“粮食的产量”(production)，因此 A、B 项的翻译错误；D 项的译文和原题干的顺序一致，结构不符合英语的表达习惯，显得有点累赘，不如 C 项的表达流畅、简洁。4.中国现有草地面积 3.9 亿公顷，其中可利用面积 3.2 亿公顷，居世界第三位。_ A.China has a grassland area of 390 milli
30、on hectares, of which about 320 million hectares can be used, which places China third in the area of usable grassland. B.China has a 390 million hectares grassland. In the grassland, about 320 million hectares can be used, and it place China third in the world in the area of usable grassland. C.The
31、re is 390 million hectares grassland in China, of which about 320 million hectares can be used, which places China third in the world in the area of usable grassland. D.There is 390 million hectares grassland in China. Among these hectares, we can use about 320 million hectares, and it makes china r
32、anking the third in the world in the area of usable grassland.（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 B、D 项的翻译没有使用任何的定语从句来避免重复或简化结构，虽然表达了句子的意义，但是句式显得冗长、累赘；C 项中 grassland area 前的表示面积的定语较长，可利用 of 所属结构将中心词 grassland area 放到前面，予以突出。5.中国水域、草原、山地资源丰富，开发潜力巨大。_ A.Chinas water, grassland and sloping land resources are rich
33、and the potential for exploitation is great. B.Rich in water, grassland and sloping land resources, Chinas potential for exploitation is great. C.China has rich water, grassland and sloping land resources, which have great potential for exploitation. D.Chinas water, grassland and sloping land resour
34、ces which have great potential for exploitation are rich.（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 本句属于地域介绍的翻译，需要注意以下几点：“有潜力”经常翻译成“have. potential for.”，因此 A、B 项的翻译不如后两项更加地道；D 项的主语因含有了一个定语从句，显得过于冗长，显然不如 C 项将定语从句放置句尾显得简洁明了。6.A nations greatest wealth is the industry of its people._ A.一个国家最大的财富就是民族工业。 B.一个国家最大的财富就是人民的勤
35、劳。 C.一个民族最大的财富就是人民的工业。 D.一个民族最大的财富就是民众的兴旺。（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题关键是对 industry 的翻译。industry 不光含有工业，产业的意思，它还可以表示勤奋。因此 the industry of its people 显然不是民族工业的意思，“民族”应用 nation 来表达，我们应取其“勤奋”的意思，译为人民的勤劳。7.今年第一季度的产量比去年同期增加了 12.5%。_ A.The production increased by 12.5 percent between January and March compa
36、red with the corresponding period last year. B.The production increased 12.5 times between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year. C.The production increased 12.5 percent between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year. D.The production increase
37、d 87.5 percent between January and March compared with the corresponding period last year.（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 百分数的翻译是 percent, times 表示的是倍数，所以 B 项错误；increase by+. times意为增加了多少倍，是固定搭配，C、D 项缺少介词 by，是错误的。8.中国有 12 亿多人口，陆地自然资源人均占有量低于世界平均水平。_ A.China has a population of more than 12 million, and its l
38、and natural resources that everyone own are lower than the worlds average. B.China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources that everyone own are lower than the worlds average level. C.There are more than 12 billion people in China, and its land natural resources per
39、 capita are lower than the worlds average level. D.China has a population of more than 1.2 billion, and its land natural resources per capita are lower than the worlds average.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 对“人均占有量”的正确翻译是.per capita，因此 A、B 项的直译就显得不适宜；“水平”其实指的就是“人均占有量”，因此无需再重复译为 level 或其他的短语，可以直接省略。二、B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BA(总题数：8，分数：16.00)9.arable land（分数：2.00）_
