1、英汉翻译教程自考题-12 及答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. _ A.使用化学方法控制昆虫除外,其他有效方法也可使用。 B.除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外,应该还有其他方法可以使用。 C.除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外,还有其他各种奇妙的方法可以使用。 D.控制昆虫的方法很多,使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。
2、(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.2.We talked of our plans to wed and start a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we listened to the rain. _ A.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,外头还下着雨。 B.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,还听着外头的雨声。 C.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,组织家庭。我们一面议论,一面听着外头的雨声。 D.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,建立家庭。我们一面议论着,而且一
3、面听着外头的雨声。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.3.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines, her financial structure would be in danger. _ A.他认为,那直接影响着国内对政府的信心下降,它的财政体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为,国内对政府的信心下降,其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为,一旦国内对政府的信心下降,她的财政体制就会出现危机。 D.他当时认为,只要政府内部失去信心,其金融结构就会瓦解。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.4.Ja
4、mes Brindley of Staffordshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village. _ A.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭,17岁那年,他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 B.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷 1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的农村家庭,17 岁那年,他就在磨坊工作。 C.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷,出生在一个贫困的农
5、村家庭,1733 年,在他 17岁时,靠改良磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 D.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷,在他 17岁时,靠改良磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程,他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.5.Pompeii, an ancient city on the southwest coast of Italy, was founded in the 7th century B.C. _ A.庞贝是意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前 7世纪。 B.庞贝,意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前 7世纪。 C.庞贝,建于公元前 7世纪,是意大
6、利西南海岸上的一个古城。 D.意大利西南海岸上的一个古城庞贝,建立于公元前 7世纪。(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.6.中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家,应该对人类有较大的贡献。_ A.A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make greater contributions to humanity. B.China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a long histor
7、y, should make greater contributions to humanity. C.China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history, and thus makes greater contributions to humanity. D.As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population but also a long history. Therefore, China should make greater c
8、ontributions to humanity.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.7.他睡得很死,连打雷都没有把他惊醒。_ A.He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder. B.He slept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder. C.He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder. D.He slept like a log and was not even
9、awakened by the thunder.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.8.基本路线要管一百年,动摇不得。_ A.The basic line should manage for a hundred years, with no vacillation. B.We should adhere upon the basic line for a hundred years. withno vacillation. C.The basic line should govern for a hundred years, with no vacillation. D.We should ad
10、here to the basic line for a hundred years, with no vacillation.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.9.人们跑来跑去,显然发生了不寻常的事情。_ A.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened. B.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened. C.People were running back and forth. Obvio
11、usly, something unusual had been happened. D.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.10.国家对合营企业不实行国有化和征收。_ A.The State toward an equity joint venture shall not nationalize or requisition. B.The State shall not nationalize or requisition any equity j
12、oint venture. C.The State towards an equity joint venture will not nationalize or requisition it. D.The State will not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.三、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)11.针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张,瞿秋白提出_。 A.“宁顺而不信” B.“信”和“顺”不应对立起来 C.要容忍“多少的不顺” D.要保存原作的丰姿(分数:2.00)A.B
13、.C.D.12.杨宪益说:“译者应尽量忠实于原文的形象,既不要夸张,也不要夹带任何别的东西”。他针对的是_。 A.任何一种翻译 B.文学翻译 C.诗歌翻译 D.汉英翻译(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.13.The theory that the whole is made of the part and the meaning of the part is determined by that of the whole was raised by _. A.程镇球 B.费道罗夫 C.George Steiner D.Sol Adler(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.14.我国古代著名的佛经
14、译师_对自己提出的要求是:“既须求真,又须喻俗。” A.竺法兰 B.玄奘 C.释道安 D.鸠摩罗什(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.15.“重神似不重形似”,这是_的主张。 A.严复 B.林纾 C.傅雷 D.周煦良(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D.四、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)五、BA(总题数:10,分数:10.00)16.international bank lending(分数:1.00)_17.environmental law(分数:1.00)_18.stand up against the sky(分数:1.00)_19.irrigated areas(分数:1.00)_20.
15、Geneva(分数:1.00)_21.lawful rights and interests(分数:1.00)_22.instrument of ratification(分数:1.00)_23.on behalf of(分数:1.00)_24.pitch lake(分数:1.00)_25.to run a fever(分数:1.00)_六、BB(总题数:10,分数:10.00)26.花言巧语(分数:1.00)_27.社会主义市场经济(分数:1.00)_北伐_29.人类文明发祥地(分数:1.00)_30.历经时间考验(分数:1.00)_31.不妥协的(分数:1.00)_32.工农群众(分数:1
16、.00)_33.独立的力量(分数:1.00)_天坛_35.国内资源(分数:1.00)_七、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)八、BA(总题数:5,分数:10.00)36.原文: His air of complete self assurance and somewhat lordly bearing would have frightened me, had it not been for his warm and hearty handshake. 译文:他和我握手时的那种热情和真挚不像是那么回事,他那十分自信和略为高傲的派头真使我害怕。(分数:2.00)_37.原文:She wore da
17、rk glasses, a thick sweater and a white scarf. 译文:她穿戴着墨镜、厚毛衣和白围巾。(分数:2.00)_38.原文:When you are a child of the mountains yourself, you really belong to them. 译文:你要是山的孩子,你就属于山。(分数:2.00)_39.原文:That was the very house in which I was born. 译文:那正是我出生的那间非常的房子。(分数:2.00)_40.原文:On the afternoon of that eventfu
18、l day, I stood on the porch,dumb, expectant. 译文:那个重要的下午,我说不出话,期待地站在门廊里。(分数:2.00)_九、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)41.原文:每公顷粮食产量可以提高 1,500公斤以上。 译文:The grain output per hectare can be increased more than 1,500kg.(分数:2.00)_42.原文:因为这种油易于燃烧,可以用作燃料,而且在这方面比煤还有若干优越之处。 译文:Because this kind of oil burns well, it is used a
19、s fuel and in some ways it is more superior than coal in this respect.(分数:2.00)_43.原文:今晚有人在此讲一些不该讲的话。 译文:Someone has said some things here tonight that ought not to have been spoken.(分数:2.00)_44.原文:这个地区多雨。 译文:This area rains a lot.(分数:2.00)_45.原文:我们将随时让你知道情况 译文:Well keep you know the information.(分数
20、:2.00)_十、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)十一、BA(总题数:1,分数:15.00)46.Change was only to be observed in details, but here it was obvious that a long procession of years had passed by. One of the two who walked the road was she who had figured as the young wife of Henchard on the previous occasion, Now her face had lost
21、much of its rotundity: her skin had undergone a textural change, and though her hair had not lost colour it was considerably thinner than heretofore. She was dressed in a mounting clothes of a widow. Her companion, also in black, appeared as a well-formed young woman about 18, completely possessed o
22、f that ephemeral precious essence youth, which is itself beauty, irrespective of complexion or contour.(分数:15.00)_十二、BB(总题数:1,分数:15.00)47.颐和园在天安门广场西北约十五公里,总面积二百九十公顷。现存的颐和园是慈禧太后于 1888年挪用海军经费重建的。全园实际是一个大公园,分成几部分,北面是万寿山,南面有昆明湖。万寿山是颐和园的中心,从山顶可以俯瞰全景,景色壮丽奇伟,吸引了许多游客的注意。昆明湖占颐和园总面积的四分之三,夏天可以用来游泳、划船,冬天则可用来溜冰。
23、颐和园同时以其美丽的“画廊”著称,那是一条绘有精致风景画的木制长廊。(分数:15.00)_英汉翻译教程自考题-12 答案解析(总分:100.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、B(总题数:0,分数:0.00)二、BA(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.A truly extraordinary variety of alternatives to the chemical control of insects is available. _ A.使用化学方法控制昆虫除外,其他有效方法也可使用。 B.除了不用化学方法控制昆虫外,应该还有其他方法可以使用。 C.除了使用化学方法控制昆虫以外,还有其他
24、各种奇妙的方法可以使用。 D.控制昆虫的方法很多,使用化学方法只不过是其中之一也可使用。(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 本题考查句子强调点的翻译。句子的主干是 a truly extraordinary variety of alternatives is available,强调的是方法的多而不是使用性方面的多,所以排除 A项。同时这是肯定的语气而不是猜测揣摩,所以排除 B项,而 alternatives to的意思是“除了还有”,既符合英文的原意也符合汉语的表达。答案为 C。2.We talked of our plans to wed and start a family
25、, once we were settled in Los Angeles, and we listened to the rain. _ A.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,外头还下着雨。 B.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,开始新的生活。我们议论着,还听着外头的雨声。 C.我们打算一旦在洛杉矶站住脚,就结婚,组织家庭。我们一面议论,一面听着外头的雨声。 D.一旦在洛杉矶落住脚,我们就打算结婚,建立家庭。我们一面议论着,而且一面听着外头的雨声。(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 本题考查句子中并列动词的翻译。实际上 to wed and star
26、t a family, once we were settled in Los Angeles是 plan的同位语,即 plan的内容,而句子的主干是两个并列的动词,We talked of our plans and listened to the rain, 汉语中与之相对的是“一面一面”或者“一边一边”。这样的连词所连接的句子主语前后应该是一样的,所以是我们一边讨论,一边听着外边的雨声。答案为 C。3.He thought that directly internal confidence in the regime declines, her financial structure w
27、ould be in danger. _ A.他认为,那直接影响着国内对政府的信心下降,它的财政体制就会出现危机了。 B.他直截了当地认为,国内对政府的信心下降,其财政结构就要出现危机了。 C.他认为,一旦国内对政府的信心下降,她的财政体制就会出现危机。 D.他当时认为,只要政府内部失去信心,其金融结构就会瓦解。(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 本题考查以下几个知识点,对“directly“及“financial structure”的理解,前者是修饰后面出现的结果,后者是财政体制,根据这两点,排除 A、B 和 D。答案为 C。4.James Brindley of Staffo
28、rdshire started his self-made career in 1733 by working at mill wheels, at the age of 17, having been born poor in a village. _ A.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷就在磨坊工作。因为他出身于一个贫困的农村家庭,17岁那年,他便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 B.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷 1733年就开始了自我奋斗的历程。因为出生在一个贫困的农村家庭,17 岁那年,他就在磨坊工作。 C.斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷,出生在一个贫困的农村家庭,1733 年,在他 17岁时,靠改良
29、磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程。 D.1733年,斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷,在他 17岁时,靠改良磨坊的水车轮,便开始了自我奋斗的历程,他出生在一个贫困的农村家庭。(分数:2.00)A.B.C. D.解析:解析 本题考查对语序的辨别和整个句子结构的理解,当我们第一遍看完句子时,原句告诉我们以下几个信息:人物是斯塔福郡的詹姆斯布林德雷,他出生在一个很贫穷的家庭,他那年十七岁,他要创业自我奋斗,他的第一份工作室在磨坊里,工作器具是水车轮。最好的翻译就是将这些信息以某种有机的联系串起来,根据汉语的习惯,我们一般会说某人出生在什么地方,在多大时做什么。根据这个逻辑关系,C 项最符合。答案为 C。
30、5.Pompeii, an ancient city on the southwest coast of Italy, was founded in the 7th century B.C. _ A.庞贝是意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前 7世纪。 B.庞贝,意大利西南海岸上的一个古城,建于公元前 7世纪。 C.庞贝,建于公元前 7世纪,是意大利西南海岸上的一个古城。 D.意大利西南海岸上的一个古城庞贝,建立于公元前 7世纪。(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:解析 根据题干,首先排除 D,不符合汉语习惯,读起来生硬。A、B 和 C三个选项中最合适的是A,因为读起来最通顺,和原句子
31、顺序保持一致。答案为 A。6.中国作为疆域辽阔、人口众多、历史悠久的国家,应该对人类有较大的贡献。_ A.A country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, China should make greater contributions to humanity. B.China is a country with a vast territory, a big population and a long history, should make greater contributions to humani
32、ty. C.China has a vast territory, a big population and a long history, and thus makes greater contributions to humanity. D.As a country, China has not only a vast territory, a big population but also a long history. Therefore, China should make greater contributions to humanity.(分数:2.00)A. B.C.D.解析:
33、解析 本题考查同位语的翻译。原句的句子主干是“中国应该对人类有较大的贡献”也就是China should make greater contributions to humanity,剩下的部分都是对中国的修饰,如果把他们都放在 China后面,整个句子就会显得结构不紧凑,有点主次不分明、头重脚轻的感觉,这种情况下可以单独用一个句子把这些修饰词分列出来,所以最合适的应该是 A项,它开头用一个同位语。答案为 A。7.他睡得很死,连打雷都没有把他惊醒。_ A.He slept like a log and was not even wakened up by the thunder. B.He s
34、lept like a log and was not even awakened up by the thunder. C.He slept like a log and was not even awoken up by the thunder. D.He slept like a log and was not even awakened by the thunder.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 本题考查动词的用法。wake up 意思为“起床”,是主动的。而 be awakened表被动,被吵醒。根据原话的意思,应该是被吵醒,所以用后一个动词,而 awake常用作形
35、容词。答案为 D。8.基本路线要管一百年,动摇不得。_ A.The basic line should manage for a hundred years, with no vacillation. B.We should adhere upon the basic line for a hundred years. withno vacillation. C.The basic line should govern for a hundred years, with no vacillation. D.We should adhere to the basic line for a hun
36、dred years, with no vacillation.(分数:2.00)A.B.C.D. 解析:解析 本题考查动词和主语的翻译。汉语里面“管”的意思可以理解为坚持,坚持基本路线的主语是我们。由于属于口号性质的句子,其主语是大家都知道的,也可以省略,从而使句子显得更加简练。在翻译的时候要把 we翻译出来,而“坚持”用动词 adhere,其后跟介词 to,这是固定的搭配。答案为D。9.人们跑来跑去,显然发生了不寻常的事情。_ A.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had happened. B.People w
37、ere running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had happened. C.People were running back and forth. Obviously, something unusual had been happened. D.People ran back and forth, obviously, something unusual had been happened.(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 根据题干,首先排除 C和 D,因为事情发生是主动时态,而不是被动时态,其次排除 A,因
38、为几个分句之间没有连接词,不符合英语语法。答案为 B。10.国家对合营企业不实行国有化和征收。_ A.The State toward an equity joint venture shall not nationalize or requisition. B.The State shall not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture. C.The State towards an equity joint venture will not nationalize or requisition it. D.The State will not nationalize or requisition any equity joint venture.(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.解析:解析 首先排除 A和 C,因为 A和 C的译文都是头重脚轻,是汉式英语,其次排除 D,因为助动词用得不对,句中并没有表现出用将来时的意思,而且 shall可以表示某种倾向性动作。答案为 B。三、BB(总题数:5,分数:10.00)11.针对鲁迅先生提出的“宁信而不顺”的主张,瞿秋白提出_。 A.“宁顺而不信” B.“信”和“顺”不应对立起来 C.要容忍“多少的不顺” D.要保存原作的丰姿(分数:2.00)A.B. C.D.