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    【学历类职业资格】全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷8及答案解析.doc

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    【学历类职业资格】全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷8及答案解析.doc

    1、全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷 8 及答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.Consumerism(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_2.buying rate(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_3.emerging nation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_4.income tax(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_5.cargo receipt(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_6.direct quote(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_7.tariff concessions(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_8.earning in for

    2、eign trade(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_9.export volume(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_10.financial center(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)11.议付行(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_12.货交承运人(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_13.承兑交单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_14.保险单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_15.从价税(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_16.大额存单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_17.规模经济(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_18.投票权(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_19.

    3、绿地战略(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_20.长期资本(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a. right to reject or forbid somethingb. route that avoids a blocked road; deviationc. wear away, eat intod. combing into a wholee. of trade, the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exportsf. tax levied by the customs

    4、g. picture(an event, action, etc)in the mind as a future possibility; imagineh. printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. the countrys central banki. capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place j. any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goods in

    5、 and out of its country(分数:20.00)(1).liberalization(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(2).integration(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(3).tariff(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(4).barrier to trade(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(5).mobility(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(6).detour(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(7).banknote(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(8).erode(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(9).envisage(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_(10).

    6、veto(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.insurable interest(分数:2.00)_22.Group of 77(分数:2.00)_23.transportation deregulation(分数:2.00)_24.clearing system(分数:2.00)_parative advantage(分数:2.00)_五、简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)26.What are the main principles of insurance?(分数:2.00)_27.What is transportation insura

    7、nce? Why is it so important?(分数:2.00)_28.Give an example to illustrate the subprinciple of subrogation.(分数:2.00)_29.What are the objectives of WTO?(分数:2.00)_六、句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.00)30.Absolute advantage and comparative advantage are two theories of international specialization. Both theories attempt t

    8、o determine which goods a country should produce for itself and export to other countries and which goods it should import from other countries.(分数:2.00)_31.Invisible trade can be as important to some countries as visible trade is to others. In reality, the kinds of trade nations engage in are varie

    9、d and complex, often a mixture of visible and invisible trade.(分数:2.00)_七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.有形贸易指货物的进出口贸易,而无形贸易涉及的是国家间的劳务交换。(分数:2.00)_33.对销贸易可帮助有严重债务的国家继续进口商品而实际上向债权人掩盖出口收入。(分数:2.00)_34.除了国际贸易和投资,国际许可和特许经营有时也是进入国外市场的一种方式。(分数:2.00)_35.还盘是对发盘的拒绝,一旦作出还盘,原报盘即失效而失去约束力。(分数:2.00)_36.正常的保险合同付出的赔偿只是将被保

    10、人的利益恢复到受害前的状态但不好于这种状态。(分数:2.00)_全国自考(国际商务英语)-试卷 8 答案解析(总分:92.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、词组英译汉(总题数:10,分数:20.00)1.Consumerism(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:消费,消费主义)解析:解析:专业商务术语。2.buying rate(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:买入价)解析:解析:专业商务术语。3.emerging nation(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:新兴国家)解析:解析:emerging 意为“新兴的,崭露头角的”;na

    11、tion 意为“国家,民族”。4.income tax(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:所得税)解析:解析:income 意为“收入”;tax 意为“税”。5.cargo receipt(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:货物收据)解析:解析:cargo 意为“货物,船货”;receipt 意为“收据”。6.direct quote(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:直接标价)解析:解析:专业商务术语,也称 direct quotation。7.tariff concessions(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答

    12、案:关税减让)解析:解析:tariff 意为“关税”;concession 意为“让步,退位”。8.earning in foreign trade(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:外汇收入)解析:解析:earning 意为“收入”;foreign trade 意为“外贸”。9.export volume(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:出口量)解析:解析:export 意为“出口”;volume 意为“量,体积”。10.financial center(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:金融中心)解析:解析:financial

    13、意为“金融的”;center 意为“中心”。二、词组汉译英(总题数:10,分数:20.00)11.议付行(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:negotiating bank)解析:解析:固定译法,专业商务术语。详见教材常用商务词语表。12.货交承运人(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:FCA(Free Carrier))解析:解析:固定译法,专业商务术语。详见教材常用商务词语表。13.承兑交单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:documents against acceptance)解析:解析:固定译法,专业商务术语。详见教材第十课

    14、单词表。14.保险单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:insurance policy)解析:解析:insurance 意为“保险”;policy 在此意为“保险单”。15.从价税(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:ad valorem duty)解析:解析:ad valorem 意为“从价,按价”。16.大额存单(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:certificate of deposit)解析:解析:certificate 意为“证书,执照”;deposit 意为“存款,保证金”。17.规模经济(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_

    15、 (正确答案:正确答案:economies of scale)解析:解析:“规模”可译为“scale”;“经济”译为“economy”。18.投票权(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:voting power)解析:解析:voting 意为“投票的”;power 意为“能力,力量”。19.绿地战略(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:the greenfield strategy)解析:解析:greenfield 意为“绿地”;strategy 意为“战略,策略”。20.长期资本(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:long-term c

    16、apital)解析:解析:longterm 意为“长期的”;capital 意为“资本,资产”。三、配对题(总题数:1,分数:20.00)a. right to reject or forbid somethingb. route that avoids a blocked road; deviationc. wear away, eat intod. combing into a wholee. of trade, the act of government in lifting controls over imports and exportsf. tax levied by the cu

    17、stomsg. picture(an event, action, etc)in the mind as a future possibility; imagineh. printed paper money issued by a bank, usu. the countrys central banki. capacity that can move or be moved easily and quickly from place to place j. any action by a government to limit or prevent the free flow of goo

    18、ds in and out of its country(分数:20.00)(1).liberalization(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:e)解析:(2).integration(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:d)解析:(3).tariff(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:f)解析:(4).barrier to trade(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:j)解析:(5).mobility(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:i)解析:(6).detour(分数:2.00)填空项

    19、 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:b)解析:(7).banknote(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:h)解析:(8).erode(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:c)解析:(9).envisage(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:g)解析:(10).veto(分数:2.00)填空项 1:_ (正确答案:正确答案:a)解析:四、名词解释(总题数:5,分数:10.00)21.insurable interest(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:No one may insure anything unless he has

    20、an interest in it,which means that if the thing insured is preserved he willderive a benefit from its preservation)解析:解析:insurable interest 意为“可保权益原则”,其认为只有在一件事情中得到利益才能投保。这意味着,如果投保的东西得到了保护,投保人能从这种保护中得到利益。22.Group of 77(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Its a group initiated by some countries in Asia,Africa and La

    21、tin America in order to maintain their interests and protestthe deprivation of the imperialist countriesAt presentthe group of 77 countries has expanded to include more than 130 countriesand regions)解析:解析:Group of 77 指的是 77 国集团。它是亚非拉发展中国家为维护自身的权益而发起的国际组织。现在已经扩大为包含 130 多个国家和地区。23.transportation dereg

    22、ulation(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Transportation deregulation has removed the shackles of control,both shippers and carriers are free to negotiate the bestrate and service packages to meet the needs of both parties)解析:解析:transportation deregulation 意为“对运输管制的放松”,撤消了管制规定对运输控制的羁绊,承运人和托运人就有自主权为彼此的需要谈判出最满意的运费和

    23、一揽子运输服务。24.clearing system(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Clearing system is a governmental agreement where the trade balance is finalized by accounting and offsetting the debtsand credits between two countries)解析:解析:clearing system 意为“清算系统”,是不动用外汇而通过记账和相互冲销债务的方式,来清偿两国间贸易收支的政府间协定。parative advantage(分数:2.00)_正确

    24、答案:(正确答案:Even if a country is less efficient than another in the production of both commodities,there is still a basis for mutuallybeneficial trade)解析:解析:comparative advantage 意为“比较优势学说”,即使一个国家在生产两种商品时都比另一个国家效率低,即生产这两种商品时都处于不利的情况,仍然存在着进行互利贸易的基础。五、简答题(总题数:4,分数:8.00)26.What are the main principles of

    25、insurance?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:(1)Insurable interest holds that no one may insure anything unless he has an interest in it,which means that if the thing insured is preserved he will derive a benefit from its preservation,but if it is in any way damaged or lost the assured will be adversely affected

    26、(2)Every contract of insurance requires an insurable interest to support it,or otherwise it is invalid and any claim made upon it will not be entertained (3)Utmost good faith is a very important principleThe people who decide what premium is fair for a particular cover do so on the basis of written

    27、statements made in a proposal formIf this statement is untrue,then the premium agreed on will not be a fair one)解析:解析:(1)可保权益原则认为只有在一件事情中得到利益才能投保。这意味着,如果这投保的东西得到了保护,投保人能从这种保护中得到利益。但如果它受到损失或丢失,投保方就会受到负面影响。 (2)每一份保险合同都需要有可保利益的支持,否则它就是无效的,任何根据此合同提出的索赔都不会受理。 (3)最大诚信原则是条重要的原则。人们根据提议形式的书面声明,决定某项保险的保费是否合理。

    28、如果这份文件不真实,商定的保险费就不会合理。27.What is transportation insurance? Why is it so important?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Transportation insurance is a type of insurance used for the cargoes transportedThe cargoes are not transported only by marine ships,but also by air,road,rail and inland water wayIn overseas trade,

    29、the geographical gaps ate great,and the trans-port is multi-modal,that is to say,we must combine road,rail,sea and air in almost all cargo movements to some extentSimilarly the time gap is great between production and consumptionIn bridging both the geographical gap and the time gap serious risks ha

    30、ve to be runAnd it is in this frameworks that the insurance underwriters operate to carry the risks which otherwise would have to be borne by the producers)解析:解析:货物保险是主要保险的一种,货物运输不仅仅是通过海洋运输,同样也会通过公路、铁路和内陆水道运输。在对外贸易中,地域间隔大,运输方式多种多样这就是说,几乎在所有的货物运输中,我们必须在某种程度上联合使用公路、铁路、海洋和航空运输。生产和消费之间同样也存在巨大的时间差距。要弥补这种

    31、时间和地域上的差距,就要冒很大风险。保险公司就是在这种情况下承担起了风险,否则,生产厂家就只能自己承担风险。28.Give an example to illustrate the subprinciple of subrogation.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:Imagine a situation where A has insured his cargo with B and it is damaged by Cs negligenceA will naturally claim against B,who will pay up for the loss suffere

    32、dHowever,because C was negligent,a legal action by A against C would almost certainly lead to an award of damages against CA would thus be compensated twice,and this would be a breach of the principle of indemnityTo prevent this happening,B,the insurer,is substituted for A,the assured,in any legal a

    33、ction against C)解析:解析:代位追偿原则是与赔偿有关的辅助原则,“代位”一词表示“取代另一方”。试想一下这样的情景:A 方为货物向 B 方投了保,但货物因 C 方的疏忽而损坏。自然 A 方要向 B 方索赔,让 B 方来承担遭受的损失。但由于损失是 C 方的疏忽造成的,A 方通过法律手段向 C 方的起诉必然使得 C 方被裁定赔偿损失。于是 A 方因此获得了两次赔偿,而这是违背赔偿原则的。为了阻止这种事情发生,承保人 B 方代替投保人 A 方以法律形式向 C 方索赔。29.What are the objectives of WTO?(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:(1)

    34、To promote free trade by encouraging members to adopt nondiscriminatory,predictable trade polices (2)To further reduce trade barriers through multilateral negotiations (3)To establish more effective trade dispute settlement procedures)解析:解析:世界贸易组织有三大目标:(1)鼓励成员方实行非歧视、可预见的贸易政策以促进贸易自由化;(2)通过多边贸易谈判进一步降低

    35、贸易壁垒;(3)建立更加有效的贸易争端解决机制。六、句子英译汉(总题数:2,分数:4.00)30.Absolute advantage and comparative advantage are two theories of international specialization. Both theories attempt to determine which goods a country should produce for itself and export to other countries and which goods it should import from other

    36、 countries.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:绝对利益学说和比较利益学说是国际专门化中的两种理论。这两种理论都试图确定一个国家应该为本国生产并向其他国家出口哪些货物,试图确定应该从其他国家进口哪些货物。)解析:解析:本段为教材第五课课文原文,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:absolute advantage:绝对利益学说;comparative advantage:比较利益学说;international specialization:国际专门化;determine:确定;export:出口;import:进口。31.Invisible trade can be a

    37、s important to some countries as visible trade is to others. In reality, the kinds of trade nations engage in are varied and complex, often a mixture of visible and invisible trade.(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:如同有形贸易对一些国家非常重要一样,无形贸易对一些国家也是很重要的。现实中各国所进行的贸易是多种多样的,也是复杂的,经常是有形贸易和无形贸易的混合。)解析:解析:本段为教材第六课课文原文,翻译时注

    38、意以下商务术语和重要单词及短语:invisible trade:无形贸易;visibletrade:有形贸易;reality:现实:varied:多种多样的;complex:复杂的,mixture:混合。七、句子汉译英(总题数:5,分数:10.00)32.有形贸易指货物的进出口贸易,而无形贸易涉及的是国家间的劳务交换。(分数:2.00)_正确答案:(正确答案:The visible trade is the import and export of goods,While the invisible trade is the exchange of services between countries)解析:解析:本句是教材第六课课文原句,翻译时注意以下商务术语和重点单词


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