1、PMP 资格认证考试-项目质量管理及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B单项选择题/B(总题数：50，分数：50.00)1.In your project, you are in the process of determining whether the activities being done as part of your project comply with organizational and project policies. This will be done as part of _ .（分数：1.00）A.inspectionB.quality aud
2、itC.quality improvementD.trend analysis2.Since your quality process was not up to the four sigma requirements desired by your customer, some of your products were rejected, and there is a potential that you would not get repeat business from the same customer. From a quality perspective. the costs a
3、ssociated with your products being rejected can also be categorized as _ .（分数：1.00）A.cost of conformanceB.customer retention costsC.failure costsD.performance cost3.Your company deals with manufacturing bearings for the automobile industry. You already have historical information about the errors an
4、d defects that have been identified and you would like to use this information to determine future performance. An appropriate tool which you can use is _ .（分数：1.00）A.scatter diagramB.statistical samplingC.control chartD.trend analysis4.Determining and delivering the required levels of quality is th
5、e responsibility of_.（分数：1.00）A.project sponsorB.project manager/project management teamC.project teamD.all stakeholders in the project5.Quality _ is the application of planned, systematic quality activities to ensure that the project will employ all processes needed to meet requirements.（分数：1.00）A.
6、planningB.assuranceC.improvementD.benchmarking6.When it appears that a design error will interfere with meeting technical performance objectives, the PREFERRED response is to _ .（分数：1.00）A.decrease the performance value to equal the assessed valueB.develop alternative solutions to the problemC.incre
7、ase the specified value to set a new performance goalD.reduce the overall technical complexity of the project7.The project team has added some additional functionality which was not required as part of the project. However the customer is satisfied with the project. From a quality perspective, _ .（分
8、数：1.00）A.this is high quality because it exceeded customer expectationsB.this is not acceptable quality because gold plating was done which is not advisableC.this will mean repeat business from the same customerD.none of the above8.Identifying which quality standards are relevant to the project and
9、determining how to satisfy them should be addressed during _ .（分数：1.00）A.the conceptual phaseB.the planning processC.project implementationD.risk identification9.A control chart has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:（分数：1.00）A.It illustrates how a process behaves over timB.It is used to de
10、termine whether or not a process is stable or has predictable performancC.It illustrates how various factors might be linked to potential problems or effectD.It can be used to monitor any type of output variabl10.Quality costs include all of the following EXCEPT _ .（分数：1.00）A.appraisalB.preventionC.
11、external failureD.computer operations11.In quality planning:（分数：1.00）A.The primary benefit of meeting quality requirements is the reduced expense associated with project quality management activitieB.Cost-benefits tradeoffs must be considereC.The primary cost of meeting quality requirements is incre
12、ased reworD.Benefits cannot be evaluated in relation to cost12.After project control, organizational process assets are updated. Wherever checklists are used, the completed checklists should become part of the _ .（分数：1.00）A.projects recordsB.project filesC.project quality management planD.lessons le
13、arned documentation13.You are the project manager for a manufacturing company involved with making components for Internal Combustion Engines required for the automobile industry. In the past couple of days, there have been too many defects, and you would like to find out whether unusual events are
14、occurring in your manufacturing process whose causes must be identified and corrected. For this purpose, you should use _ .（分数：1.00）A.inspectionB.Pareto chartsC.statistical samplingD.control charts14.All of the following represent, or result from, the primary benefit of meeting quality requirements
15、EXCEPT _ .（分数：1.00）A.less reworkB.higher productivityC.lower costsD.fewer change orders15.Quality control involves monitoring specific project results to determine if they comply with relevant quality standards. To evaluate quality control outputs, the project team should definitely have a working k
16、nowledge of _ .（分数：1.00）A.prevention and inspectionB.sampling and probabilityC.special causes and random causesD.tolerances and control limits16.As part of the quality audit, the scope statement is checked against the work results to ensure the conformance to the customer requirements. The results s
17、hould be documented and used for _ .（分数：1.00）A.estimating future projectsB.changing the project scopeC.defining future project tasksD.validating the quality process17.The use of quality management processes and activities aims to provide a higher degree of _ .（分数：1.00）A.needs satisfactionB.process c
18、apabilityC.product improvementD.project team performance18.All of the following are true quality statements except:（分数：1.00）A.Quality improvement depends upon better definition and increased awareness of the requirements/specificationB.Project quality management must address both management of the p
19、roject and the product of the projecC.Recognition of key actions required of each team member is necessary to meet quality objectiveD.Computer aided design systems can improve quality, but only at the expense of an increase in the cost of desig19.If two events can not both occur in a single trial, t
20、hey are _ .（分数：1.00）A.false eventsB.mutually exclusiveC.statistically independentD.just in time20.Quality and grade are not the same. A fundamental distinction is that _ .（分数：1.00）A.grade is a category assigned to products or services having the same functional us but different technical characteris
21、ticsB.low quality may not be a problem; low grade is always a problemC.determining and delivering the required levels of quality are not included in the responsibilities of the project manager and the project teamD.determining and delivering the required levels of grade are not included in the respo
22、nsibilities of die project manager and the project team21.Investment in product quality improvement, especially defect prevention and appraisal, can often be borne by _ .（分数：1.00）A.the organizationB.the project management teamC.executive managementD.the project22.The primary driver behind the demand
23、 for continual quality improvement is _ .（分数：1.00）A.an increase in the number of the projects being workedB.widespread public interest in government cost improvement reportsC.the prevalence of media reports on quality circles and other quality improvementD.the need to reduce the cost and ensure the
24、performance of products23.Which of the following is not considered a cost of nonconformance to quality?（分数：1.00）A.ScraB.ReworC.ExpeditinD.Process contro24.What is the meaning of upper control limit and lower control limit in control charts?（分数：1.00）A.Specification limitB.Acceptable range of the vari
25、ance of a procesC.Acceptable range of the variance of a producD.Customer requirement25.Quality assurance(QA) _ .（分数：1.00）A.is the application of planned, systematic quality activities to ensure effective policing of the conformance of the project team to approved specificationsB.is primarily concern
26、ed with providing the project team and stakeholders with standards, by which the project performance is measuredC.is the application of planned, systematic quality activities to ensure that the project will employ all processes needed to meet requirementsD.generally reduces the probability of projec
27、t completion on schedule26.Understanding, evaluating, defining, and managing expectations are essential to satisfying _ .（分数：1.00）A.customer requirementsB.the scope statementC.upper managementD.functional requirements27.According to the 80/20 rule, 80 percent of the problems are because of 20 percen
28、t of the causes. To facilitate finding out which are the most probable defects, and to evaluate nonconformities, you do a rank ordering of the defects using _ .（分数：1.00）A.statistical samplingB.control chartC.Pareto diagramsD.inspection28.The quality management plan provides input to _ and must addre
29、ss quality control(QC) , quality assurance(QA) , and continuous process improvement for the project.（分数：1.00）A.the overall project management planB.the WBSC.the project scopeD.external stakeholders29.Learning curve theory emphasizes that in producing many goods, _ .（分数：1.00）A.cost decreases as produ
30、ction rates increaseB.average unit cost decreases as more units are producedC.materials become cheaper when they are purchased in bulkD.laborers become more productive because of technological advances30.The required testing for a specific task has been completed and passed. The customer is not conf
31、ident of the test and requests an additional modified test, this situation indicates inadequate _ .（分数：1.00）A.control proceduresB.audit reviewC.assurance fundingD.quality plan development31.Inputs to quality control include all of the following EXCEPT _ .（分数：1.00）A.work performance informationB.qual
32、ity management planC.quality checklistsD.PERT chart32.A project manager needs to assess qualify on the project. To do so, he wants to measure the height of each table produced. However, that would be too expensive. In this case, it would be BEST to use _ .（分数：1.00）A.benchmarkingB.a sampleC.a control
33、 chartD.a Pareto diagram33.You are trying to determine what cost and schedule trade-off will be most appropriate for your project. You have the option to select either a more experienced person at $120 per hour who can do the task in 45 days or a less experienced person at $80 per hour who can do th
34、e same task in 65 days. A tool you can use to facilitate making the decision is _ .（分数：1.00）A.cost of qualityB.cause-and-effect diagramC.design of experimentsD.network diagrams34.A project team is in the design stage of a new mountain bike prototype. The team is in the process of identifying which t
35、ype of frame and material will provide high performance at a low cost. Which of the following is the MOST likely technique used to determine these variables?（分数：1.00）A.Benefit/cost analysiB.Ishikawa diagraC.Design of experimentD.System flow char35.Checklists are completed in which process?（分数：1.00）A
36、.Risk identificatioB.Quality assurancC.Quality planninD.Quality contro36.A metric is an operational definition that describes, in very specific terms, what something is and how the quality control process measures it. A measurement is an actual value. For example, it is not enough to say that meetin
37、g the planned schedule dates is a measure of management quality. The project management team must also indicate whether every activity must start on time or only finish on time and whether individual activities will be measured or only certain deliverables and if so, which ones. Some examples of qua
38、lity metrics include defect density, failure rate, availability, reliability and test coverage. In this context, quality metrics should be used during _ (select the best answer).（分数：1.00）A.quality assuranceB.quality planningC.quality controlD.quality assurance, quality control37.Primary responsibili
39、ty for establishing design and test specifications rests with _ .（分数：1.00）A.senior managementB.procurementC.engineeringD.quality control38.An early version of one of W. Edward Demings 14 points encouraged companies to “cease dependence on mass inspection by building quality into the product in the f
40、irst place”. Deming stated that, typically, products are inspected as they come off the line or at major stages. Defective products are either thrown out or reworked. Both options are expensive. This approach, in effect, meant that companies would pay workers to make defects and then correct them. D
41、enting later recognized the value of inspections and revised the point to say that people should “understand the purpose of inspection. ” He said, “Inspections must be carried out in a professional way, not by lick-spit methods. ” This supports the PMBOK, which indicates that inspections can be used
42、 to determine whether results conform to requirements. Inspections also may be called _ .（分数：1.00）A.control testsB.walk-throughC.statistical samplingD.checklists39.Tools and techniques of quality control include all of the following EXCEPT:（分数：1.00）A.FlowchartinB.Pareto charC.Control chartD.Estimate
43、s of control tendenc40.During project execution, a new ISO version of standard 9000 is issued. The project team meets with the quality department to determine how the standard will apply to the project. Which part of the quality process is this?（分数：1.00）A.Quality analysiB.Quality assurancC.Quality c
44、ontroD.Quality plannin41.Which of the following methods is used to provide a standard to measure performance?（分数：1.00）A.BenchmarkinB.SamplinC.EstimatinD.Levelin42.Pareto analysis, cause and effect, and flow charts are all tools used in quality _ .（分数：1.00）A.controlB.benchmarkingC.planningD.verificat
45、ion43.You are a project manager for residential construction. As a project manager, you must be especially concerned with building codes particularly in the quality planning process. You must ensure that building codes are reflected in your project plans because _ .（分数：1.00）A.standards and regulatio
46、ns are an input to quality planningB.quality audits serve to ensure there is compliance with regulationsC.they are a cost associated with quality initiativesD.compliance with standards is the primary objective of quality control44.“Design of experiments” is a statistical method that helps _ .（分数：1.0
47、0）A.determine how various elements of a system interrelateB.identify which factors may influence specific variables of a product or processC.establish a standard by which to measure performanceD.compare actual or planned project practices to those of other projects45.A team member notices the projec
48、t manager that a quality measurement for the project can not be met. What should the project manager do?（分数：1.00）A.Notify managemenB.Hold a team meetinC.Look for alternative ways to meet the quality leveD.Ask management tp come up with option46.A fundamental tenet of modern quality management holds
49、that quality is most likely to be achieved by _ .（分数：1.00）A.planning it into the projectB.developing careful mechanisms to inspect for qualityC.striving to do the best job possibleD.conducting quality circle activities47.An outputs from the quality planning process is _ .（分数：1.00）A.quality improvementsB.quality management planC.acceptance decisionsD.rework48.One of the fundamental tenets of modern quality m
