1、 Reference numberISO 814:2011(E)ISO 2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO814Fifth edition2011-11-15Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of adhesion to metal Two-plate method Caoutchouc vulcanis ou thermoplastique Dtermination de ladhrence au mtal Mthode deux plaques ISO 814:2011(E) COPYRIGHT P
2、ROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2011 All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO
3、s member body in the country of the requester. ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2011 All rights reservedISO 814:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents
4、Page Foreword iv 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Principle . 1 4 Apparatus . 2 5 Calibration 2 6 Test piece . 2 6.1 Dimensions 2 6.2 Preparation . 2 6.3 Number . 3 6.4 Conditioning 4 7 Procedure . 4 8 Expression of results 4 8.1 Adhesion value 4 8.2 Adhesion failure symbols . 4 9 Test report 5
5、Annex A (normative) Calibration schedule 6 A.1 Inspection . 6 A.2 Schedule . 6 ISO 814:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Internatio
6、nal Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO
7、, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical com
8、mittees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the
9、possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 814 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis. Thi
10、s fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition (ISO 814:2007), of which it constitutes a minor revision to include an annex specifying a calibration schedule for the apparatus used. INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 814:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Dete
11、rmination of adhesion to metal Two-plate method WARNING Persons using this International Standard should be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establi
12、sh appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any national regulatory conditions. IMPORTANT Certain procedures specified in this International Standard might involve the use or generation of substances, or the generation of waste, that could constitute a local environmenta
13、l hazard. Reference should be made to appropriate documentation on safe handling and disposal after use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method for determining the adhesion strength of rubber-to-metal bonds where the rubber part is assembled between two parallel metal plates, using t
14、he adhesive system under investigation. The method is applicable primarily to test pieces, prepared in the laboratory under standard conditions, such as can be used to provide data for the development of rubber compounds and control of methods of manufacture. 2 Normative references The following ref
15、erenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 5893, Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and
16、 compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification ISO 18899:2004, Rubber Guide to the calibration of test equipment ISO 23529, Rubber General procedures for preparing and conditioning test pieces for physical test methods 3 Principle The test consists in measuring the force required to ca
17、use the rupture of a unit of standard dimensions, comprising rubber bonded to two parallel metal plates, the direction of the force being at 90 to the bonded surface. ISO 814:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved4 Apparatus 4.1 Tensile-testing machine, complying with the requirements of ISO 5893, c
18、apable of measuring force with an accuracy corresponding to class 2 as defined in ISO 5893, and with a rate of traverse of the moving grip of 25 mm/min 5 mm/min. NOTE Inertia (pendulum) type dynamometers are apt to give results which differ because of frictional and inertial effects. An inertialess
19、(for example, electronic or optical transducer) type dynamometer gives results which are free from these effects and is therefore preferred. 4.2 Fixtures, for holding the test pieces in the test machine (4.1), which permit accurate centring of the applied load during the test. A suitable type of fix
20、ture is shown in Figure 1. 5 Calibration The test apparatus shall be calibrated in accordance with Annex A. 6 Test piece 6.1 Dimensions The standard test piece shall consist of a rubber cylinder 3 mm 0,1 mm thick and of diameter between 35 mm and 40 mm known to the nearest 0,1 mm, having its circula
21、r ends bonded to the faces of two metal plates of equal diameter, the determination of dimensions of the test piece being in accordance with ISO 23529. The diameter of the metal plates shall be approximately 0,1 mm less than that of the rubber cylinder. The thickness of the metal plates shall be not
22、 less than 9 mm. A typical test piece is shown in Figure 2. 6.2 Preparation 6.2.1 Circular metal plates of the standard dimensions shall be prepared preferably from rolled carbon steel bar. Other metals may be used provided that the parts are in conformity with the essential dimensions. The smooth m
23、etal parts shall be prepared and treated in accordance with the adhesion system under investigation. 6.2.2 Rubber discs shall be cut using a circular die of such size that a limited amount of flash is obtained on moulding. The surface of the rubber to be bonded to the metal shall be treated in accor
24、dance with the method being investigated. 6.2.3 The rubber discs and metal end pieces shall then be assembled for moulding in the mould. The mould shall be constructed so that the rubber projects beyond the edges of the metal end pieces by approximately 0,05 mm in order to prevent tearing of the rub
25、ber by the edge of the metal during testing. 6.2.4 During the preparation of the test piece, great care shall be taken to keep the exposed surfaces of the rubber and metal free from dust, moisture and other foreign matter. The surfaces shall not be touched by hand during assembly. 6.2.5 Moulding sha
26、ll then be carried out by heating in the mould under pressure for a definite time at a controlled temperature in a suitable press. The time and temperature of moulding shall be in accordance with the system being investigated. 6.2.6 At the conclusion of the cure, great care shall be taken in removin
27、g the test pieces from the mould to avoid subjecting the bonded surfaces to undue stress before the test pieces have cooled. ISO 814:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 36.3 Number At least three test pieces shall be tested. Dimensions in millimetres a) Assembly of parts b) Part A Tail fillet to su
28、it test machine c) Part B Bridle fillet threaded to take part C d) Part C Split across centre to accept test piece and threaded to fit into part B Key A to C see drawings at right D metal part of test piece E rubber Figure 1 Example of test fixture for holding rubber-to-metal bond test pieces ISO 81
29、4:2011(E) 4 ISO 2011 All rights reservedDimensions in millimetres 459Key 1 test piece Figure 2 Example of standard test piece 6.4 Conditioning 6.4.1 The test pieces shall be conditioned in accordance with the requirements of ISO 23529 for at least 16 h at a standard laboratory temperature (23 C 2 C
30、or 27 C 2 C) immediately before test, the same temperature being used throughout any one test or series of tests intended to be comparable. 6.4.2 The time-interval between vulcanization and testing shall be in accordance with the requirements of ISO 23529. 7 Procedure 7.1 Mount the test piece in the
31、 fixtures (4.2) in the test machine (4.1). Extreme care is necessary in centring and adjusting the test piece so that the tension is uniformly distributed over the cross-section during the test. 7.2 Apply tension by separating the jaws at a constant rate of 25 mm/min 5 mm/min until the test piece br
32、eaks. Record the maximum force. 8 Expression of results 8.1 Adhesion value The adhesion shall be calculated by dividing the maximum force by the cross-sectional area of the test piece. It shall be expressed in pascals. 8.2 Adhesion failure symbols a) R indicates that the failure is in the rubber. b)
33、 RC indicates that the failure is at the interface between the rubber and the cover cement. c) CP indicates that the failure is at the interface between the cover cement and the prime cement. d) M indicates that the failure is at the interface between the metal and the prime cement. ISO 814:2011(E)
34、ISO 2011 All rights reserved 59 Test report The test report shall include at least the following information: a) a reference to this International Standard; b) details of test piece: 1) the time and temperature of vulcanization, 2) the date of vulcanization, 3) the diameter of the rubber part of the
35、 test piece, 4) the metal used for the metal plates, if other than the steel specified; c) test details: 1) the time and temperature of conditioning prior to test, 2) the temperature of the test, 3) any unusual features noted during the determination, 4) the number of test pieces tested, 5) any oper
36、ation not included in this International Standard or in the International Standards to which reference is made, as well as any operation regarded as optional; d) test results: 1) the test result for each test piece, expressed in accordance with 8.1, 2) a description of the type (or types) of failure
37、, expressed in accordance with 8.2, indicating the percentage failure of each type which occurs; e) the date of the test. ISO 814:2011(E) 6 ISO 2011 All rights reservedAnnex A (normative) Calibration schedule A.1 Inspection Before any calibration is undertaken, the condition of the items to be calib
38、rated shall be ascertained by inspection and recorded in any calibration report or certificate. It shall be reported whether calibration is carried out in the “as-received” condition or after rectification of any abnormality or fault. It shall be ascertained that the apparatus is generally fit for t
39、he intended purpose, including any parameters specified as approximate and for which the apparatus does not therefore need to be formally calibrated. If such parameters are liable to change, then the need for periodic checks shall be written into the detailed calibration procedures. A.2 Schedule Ver
40、ification/calibration of the test apparatus is a mandatory part of this International Standard. However, the frequency of calibration and the procedures used are, unless otherwise stated, at the discretion of the individual laboratory, uning ISO 18899 for guidance. The calibration schedule given in
41、Table A.1 has been compiled by listing all of the parameters specified in the test method, together with the specified requirement. A parameter and requirement can relate to the main test apparatus, to part of that apparatus or to an ancillary apparatus necessary for the test. For each parameter, a
42、calibration procedure is indicated by reference to ISO 18899, to another publication or to a procedure particular to the test method which is detailed (whenever a calibration procedure which is more specific or detailed than that in ISO 18899 is available, it shall be used in preference). The verifi
43、cation frequency for each parameter is given by a code-letter. The code-letters used in the calibration schedule are: C requirement to be confirmed, but no measurement; N initial verification only; P particular procedure; S standard interval as given in ISO 18899; U in use. ISO 814:2011(E) ISO 2011
44、All rights reserved 7Table A.1 Calibration schedule Parameter Requirement Clause or subclause in ISO 18899:2004 Verification frequency guide Notes Metal plates Thickness Diameter Circular 9 mm minimum measure to 0,1 mm C 15.2 15.2 U U U Preferably rolled carbon steel. Rubber in test piece Diameter T
45、hickness Approximately 0,1 mm greater than that of the metal plates 3 mm 0,1 mm 15.2 15.2 U U Tensile-testing machine Rate of separation of grips Force measurementComplying with requirements of ISO 5893 25 mm/min 5 mm/min Class 2 as specified in ISO 5893 P 21.2 23.4 N S S Inertialess machine preferr
46、ed Fixtures To ensure accurate centring of test piece C Temperature of conditioning and test chambers 23 C 2 C or 27 C 2 C 18 S In addition to the items listed in Table A.1, use of the following is implied, all of which need calibrating in accordance with ISO 18899: a thermometer fo monitoring the conditioning and test temperatures; instruments for determining the dimensions of the test pieces. ISO 814:2011(E) ICS 83.060 Price based on 7 pages ISO 2011 All rights reserved
