1、IEEE Std 62.2-200462.2TMIEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testingof Electric Power ApparatusElectrical Machinery3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USAIEEE Instrumentation and Measurement SocietySponsored by theElectric Machinery Committee8 June 2005Print: SH95305PDF: SS95305The Institute of Elect
2、rical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USACopyright 2004 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.All rights reserved. Published 8 June 2005. Printed in the United States of America.IEEE is a registered trademark in the U.S. Patent (978) 750
3、-8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educationalclassroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center.Note: Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may require use of subject mat-ter covered by patent rights. B
4、y publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence orvalidity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifying patentsfor which a license may be required by an IEEE standard or for conducting inquiries into the legal vali
5、dity orscope of those patents that are brought to its attention.Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved. iiiIntroductionThe condition of power apparatus is of prime importance for the successful operation of a power system.During transportation, installation and service operation, the apparatus may
6、 be exposed to conditions whichadversely affect its reliability and useful life. One of the principal aims of the maintenance engineer is todetect defects at an early stage and take appropriate corrective measures. The detection is usually achievedby means of diagnostic evaluation in the field which
7、 is performed at regular intervals (for example annuallyor more frequently as necessary). This guide describes most of the off-line diagnostic tests andmeasurements which are common practice and provides additional information in the case of morespecialized procedures. Each test has an interpretatio
8、n subclause which is provided not to establish astandard but merely to provide a guide to the user. There is not necessarily any direct relationship betweenthese field tests and factory tests. For tests performed within the warranty period, the measurements shouldagree with the manufacturers data wh
9、en performed under similar conditions. When measurements areperformed on service-aged equipment, there may be some deviation between field and factory data.Interpretation of measured results is usually based on a comparison with data obtained previously on thesame unit or by comparison with similar
10、units. Many of the levels specified in this document are notstandardized; however, the values quoted have been found to be practical and are widely used by theindustry. The frequency of the tests will vary depending upon the type, size, age and operating history of theunit. It is recommended that th
11、e user of the power apparatus establish a maintenance schedule based on theseconditions and on original equipment manufacturer (OEM) recommendations. The test results obtainedduring the periodic checks should be systematically filed in order to provide a diagnostic data base.This guide was first pub
12、lished in April 1958 as AIEE Std 62, Recommended Guide for Making DielectricMeasurements in the Field. It was revised and republished as IEEE Std 62 - 1978, Guide for Field TestingPower Apparatus Insulation. This present revision contains more detailed descriptions of test proceduresthan the previou
13、s editions and also includes guidance covering visual inspection. It will therefore bepublished in different parts with each part covering a specific type of power apparatus.Notice to usersErrataErrata, if any, for this and all other standards can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ie
14、ee.org/reading/ieee/updates/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL forerrata periodically.InterpretationsCurrent interpretations can be accessed at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/reading/ieee/interp/index.html.PatentsAttention is called to the possibility that impleme
15、ntation of this standard may require use of subject mattercovered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken with respect to the existence orvalidity of any patent rights in connection therewith. The IEEE shall not be responsible for identifyingpatents or patent applicat
16、ions for which a license may be required to implement an IEEE standard or forconducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of those patents that are brought to its attention.This introduction is not part of IEEE Std 62.2-2004, IEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testing of Electric PowerApparatu
17、sElectrical Machinery.iv Copyright 2004 IEEE. All rights reserved.ParticipantsAt the time this standard was completed, the working group had the following membership: Thomas R. Wait, Chair and SecretaryRichard H. Hulett, PCIC Standards LiaisonIt is fitting that we give special recognition to David T
18、rain, who had the foresight and determination toinitiate the development of this guide. He was chair of the development of P62.1, dealing with transformersand has made significant contributions to this guide on Electrical Machinery.Other individuals who have contributed review and comments during th
19、e development of this guide are thefollowing:The following individual members of the balloting committee voted on this standard. Balloters may havevoted for approval, disapproval, or abstention. William H. BartleyElton W. FloydBerry R. HugginsJoseph V. KiselaJames F. LauClyde V. MaughanWilliam McDer
20、midTimothy P. OlsonMaurice A. SecrestHoward G. SeddingEdward. T. ThomsonDavid TrainRobert T. WardJames S. EdmondsGeoffrey S. KlempnerNils E. NilssonJames A. OliverVicki WarrenJames R. MichalecVaino AarePaul A. AndersonRoy L. BalkeWilliam H. BartleyRay BartnikasKevin D. BeckerThomas H. BishopE.A. Bou
21、lterVern L. BuchholzSudhakar CherukupalliDouglas ConleyStephen P. ConradTommy P. CooperGuru Dutt DhingraJames DymondJames S. EdmondsFranklin T. EmeryRobert E. FentonJorge Fernandez-DaherElton W. FloydTrilok C. GargNirmal GhaiBrian E. B. GottVince GreenGlenn L. GriffinRandall C. GrovesBal K. GuptaTho
22、mas J. HammonsGary A. HeustonEdward A. HorganAlan M. IversenReinhard E. JohoInnocent KamwaJoseph V. KiselaGeoffrey S. KlempnerStephen B. KuznetsovThomas E. LairdPeter H. LandrieuWilliam E. LarzelereKevin LovingJohn E. MalinowskiAndrea MariscottiAntonio J. Marques-CardosoWalter J. MartinyC. V. Maugha
23、nWilliam R. McCownWilliam McDermidJeffery L. McElray, Sr.Donald G. McLarenJames R. MichalecGary L. MichelG. Harold MillerCharles MilletRihong MoDaleep MohlaLon W. MontgomeryGlenn MottersheadNils E. NilssonBeant S. NindraJames A. OliverPaul J. PillitteriMadan RanaRadhakrishnaV.RebbapragadaLaurence Ro
24、dlandJesus Martinez RodriguezCharles M. RoweJames A. RuggieriEwald SchweigerManoj R. ShahJohn SheaDaniel SlomovitzGreg C. StoneQi SuJames E. TimperleyDavid TrainGerald VaughnPaul Dieter WangnerThomas R. WaitRobert T. WardVicki WarrenCharles A. WilsonKarim YounsiHugh ZhuCopyright 2004 IEEE. All right
25、s reserved. vWhen the IEEE-SA Standards Board approved this standard on 8 December 2004, it had the followingmembership:Don Wright, ChairSteve M. Mills, Vice ChairJudith Gorman, Secretary*Member EmeritusAlso included are the following nonvoting IEEE-SA Standards Board liaisons:Satish K. Aggarwal, NR
26、C RepresentativeRichard DeBlasio, DOE RepresentativeAlan Cookson, NIST RepresentativeMichael D. FisherIEEE Standards Project EditorChuck AdamsH. Stephen BergerMark D. BowmanJoseph A. BruderBob DavisRoberto de BoissonJulian Forster*Arnold M. GreenspanMark S. HalpinRaymond HapemanRichard J. HollemanRi
27、chard H. HulettLowell G. JohnsonJoseph L. Koepfinger*Hermann KochThomas J. McGeanDaleep C. MohlaPaul NikolichT. W. OlsenRonald C. PetersenGary S. RobinsonFrank StoneMalcolm V. ThadenDoug ToppingJoe D. Watsonvi Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.Contents1. Overview 11.1 Scope 11.2 Purpose. 22.
28、Normative references. 23. Definitions . 34. Diagnostic charts 45. Safety . 75.1 General. 75.2 Personnel considerations 76. Guide to maintenance inspections . 96.1 General. 96.2 Related documents. 106.3 Accessibility. 106.4 Inspection procedures 106.5 Reporting . 116.6 Evaluation 116.7 Frequency of i
29、nspection. 117. Inspection and test techniquesAC machine stators 117.1 Stator winding 117.2 Stator core 487.3 Stator coolant passage 588. Inspection and test techniquesAC machine rotors. 648.1 Rotor winding 648.2 Rotor mechanical components. 718.3 Rotor damper winding . 809. Inspection and test tech
30、niquesAC machine assembly . 829.1 General. 829.2 Bearings . 879.3 Brush rigginginspection and test8910. Inspection and test techniquesDC and brushless rotating machine stators 9010.1 Field windings 9010.2 Field winding connections . 9011. Inspection and test techniquesDC and brushless rotating machi
31、ne rotor 91Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. vii11.1 Rotor armature windings . 9111.2 Rotor diode wheel 9211.3 Rotor commutator 9612. Inspection and test techniquesDC and brushless rotating machines assembly 9712.1 Assembly-brush rigging. 9712.2 Assembly-bearing 9913. Inspection and test tec
32、hniquespermanent magnet generators 9913.1 Permanent magnet generator stators 9913.2 Permanent magnet generator rotor. 100Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. 1IEEE Guide for Diagnostic Field Testingof Electric Power ApparatusElectrical Machinery1. OverviewThroughout this guide the term “machine
33、” has been used when the subject matter pertains to both generatorsand motors. Many of the diagnostic tests are also appropriate for motors, exciters and synchronouscondensers. The diagnostic charts in clause 4 should be consulted. The diagnostic charts identify thesubsystems and how the diagnostic
34、tests apply to the various types of rotating equipment. For each procedurethere is a description of how it relates to evaluating the condition of the listed pieces of equipment.Interpretive discussions are also included in several areas to provide additional insight on the particular test,or to prov
35、ide guidance on acceptance criteria. These discussions are based on the authors judgment ofaccepted practice. It should be noted that sometimes the results of several types of tests need to be interpretedtogether to diagnose a problem. Acceptance criteria provided by the original equipment manufactu
36、rer shouldalso be consulted, as they may take precedence over the criteria in this document.It should also be noted that the terms “bar” and “coil” are used throughout the guide, but are notinterchangeable. A bar is usually considered to be half of a coil, and is most often applied to single-turn co
37、ils.1.1 ScopeThis guide describes off-line inspections and diagnostic tests which are performed in the field on rotatingelectrical equipment with voltage ratings of 4000 V or greater. The guide is intended to address largeindustrial and utility sized machinery. These evaluation procedures, which are
38、 in common use on largerotating machines, have been found prudent in assuring high equipment reliability at low overall maintenancecost. The procedures are presented in categories depending on the subsystem of the machine being examined. IEEEStd 62.2-2004 IEEE GUIDE FOR DIAGNOSTIC FIELD TESTING OF2
39、Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved.1.2 PurposeThis guide is intended to assist maintenance personnel in determining what diagnostic tests should be plannedfor their rotating electrical machines, what should be expected of the tests, and in general, how to perform thetests. This guide brings to
40、gether, into one document, many commonly-performed appropriate tests forelectrical machines, and references other individual standards so more detailed information may be obtained.2. Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For da
41、tedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments or corrigenda) applies. ANSI/EIA-282-A, Standard for Silicon Rectifier Diodes.1ANSI C50.10-1990, American National Standard for Rotating Electrical MachineryS
42、ynchronousMachines. (Presently being replaced by C50-12 and C50-13).ASTM D 1868-81, Standard Test Method for Detections and Measurement of Partial Discharge (Corona)Pulses in Evaluation of Insulation Systems.2ASTM F855-97e1, Standard Specifications for Temporary Protective Grounds to Be Used on De-e
43、nergizedElectric Power Lines and Equipment.IEC 60894, Guide for Test Procedures for the Measurement of Loss Tangent on Coils and Bars for MachineWindings.3IEEE Std 4-1995, IEEE Standard Techniques for High Voltage Testing (ANSI).4,5IEEE Std 43-2000, IEEE Recommended Practice for Testing Insulation R
44、esistance of Rotating Machinery(ANSI). IEEE Std 56-1977 (Reaff 1991), IEEE Guide for Insulation Maintenance of Large AC Rotating Machinery(10 000 KVA and Larger), (ANSI).1ANSI publications are available from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor,
45、 New York, NY 10036, USA (http:/www.ansi.org/).2ASTM publications are available from the American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA (http:/www.astm.org/).3IEC publications are available from the Sales Department of the International Elect
46、rotechnical Commission, Case Postale 131, 3, rue de Varemb, CH-1211, Genve 20, Switzerland/Suisse (http:/www.iec.ch/). IEC publications are also available in the United States from the Sales Department, American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, USA (h
47、ttp:/www.ansi.org/).4The IEEE standards or products referred to in this clause are trademarks of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.5IEEE publications are available from the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 445 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA (htt
48、p:/standards.ieee.org/).IEEEELECTRIC POWER APPARATUSELECTRICAL MACHINERY Std 62.2-2004Copyright 2005 IEEE. All rights reserved. 3IEEE Std 67-1990, IEEE Guide for Operation and Maintenance of Turbine Generators (ANSI).IEEE Std 95-2002, Recommended Practice for Insulation Testing of Large AC Rotating
49、Machinery withHigh Direct-Voltage.IEEE Std 112-1996, IEEE Standard Test Procedure for Polyphase Induction Motors and Generators(ANSI).IEEE Std 115-2002, IEEE Guide: Test Procedures for Synchronous Machines Part I-Acceptance andPerformance Testing Part II-Test Procedures and Parameter Determination for Dynamic Analysis. IEEE Std 118-1978, (Reaff 1992) IEEE Standard Test Code for Resistance Measurements.IEEE Std 286-2000, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Measurement of Power Factor Tip-Up ofElectric Machinery Stator Coil Insulation.IEEE Std 39
