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    IEEE 1003 1-2016 en Standard for Information Technology-Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Base Specifications Issue 7 (IEEE Computer Society)《信息技术标准 便.pdf

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    IEEE 1003 1-2016 en Standard for Information Technology-Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Base Specifications Issue 7 (IEEE Computer Society)《信息技术标准 便.pdf

    1、 Standard for Information Technology Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Base Specifications, Issue 7 Sponsored by the Portable Applications Standards Committee IEEE 3 Park Avenue New York, NY 10016-5997 USA IEEE Computer Society and The Open Group IEEE Std 1003.1, 2016 Edition (incorporates

    2、 IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 1-2013, and IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 2-2016) IEEE Std 1003.1, 2016 Edition The Open Group Standard, Base Specifications, Issue 7 incorporates IEEE Std 1003.1-2008, IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 1-2013, and IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 2-2016 Standard for Inform

    3、ation Technology Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) Base Specifications, Issue 7 Sponsor Portable Applications Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society and The Open Group ii Copyright 2016 IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. Base Specifications, Issue 7 Abstract POSIX.1-20

    4、08 is simultaneously IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 and The Open Group Standard Base Specifications, Issue 7. This 2016 Edition includes IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 1-2013 and IEEE Std 1003.1-2008/Cor 2-2016 incorporated into IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 (the base document). The Technical Corrigenda address problems dis

    5、covered since the approval of IEEE Std 1003.1-2008. POSIX.1-2008 defines a standard operating system interface and environment, including a command interpreter (or “shell”), and common utility programs to support applications portability at the source code level. POSIX.1-2008 is intended to be used

    6、by both application developers and system implementors and comprises four major components (each in an associated volume): x General terms, concepts, and interfaces common to all volumes of this standard, including utility conventions and C-language header definitions, are included in the Base Defin

    7、itions volume. x Definitions for system service functions and subroutines, language-specific system services for the C programming language, function issues, including portability, error handling, and error recovery, are included in the System Interfaces volume. x Definitions for a standard source c

    8、ode-level interface to command interpretation services (a “shell”) and common utility programs for application programs are included in the Shell and Utilities volume. x Extended rationale that did not fit well into the rest of the document structure, which contains historical information concerning

    9、 the contents of POSIX.1-2008 and why features were included or discarded by the standard developers, is included in the Rationale (Informative) volume. The following areas are outside the scope of POSIX.1-2008: x Graphics interfaces x Database management system interfaces x Record I/O consideration

    10、s x Object or binary code portability x System configuration and resource availability POSIX.1-2008 describes the external characteristics and facilities that are of importance to application developers, rather than the internal construction techniques employed to achieve these capabilities. Special

    11、 emphasis is placed on those functions and facilities that are needed in a wide variety of commercial applications. Keywords application program interface (API), argument, asynchronous, basic regular expression (BRE), batch job, batch system, built-in utility, byte, child, command language interpret

    12、er, CPU, extended regular expression (ERE), FIFO, file access control mechanism, IEEE 1003.1, input/output (I/O), job control, network, parent, portable operating system interface (POSIX), shell, stream, string, synchronous, system, thread, X/Open System Interface (XSI) Base Specifications, Issue 7

    13、Copyright 2016 IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. iii The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. 3 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5997, USA The Open Group Apex Plaza, Forbury Road, Reading, Berkshire RG1 1AX, UK Copyright 2016 by The Institute of Electrical and Electroni

    14、cs Engineers, Inc. and The Open Group. All rights reserved. Published 30 September 2016 by the IEEE. PDF: ISBN 978-1-5044-2337-3 STD21120 Print: ISBN 978-1-5044-2338-0 STDPD21120 Published 30 September 2016 by The Open Group. Doc. Number: C165 ISBN: 1-937218-81-2 IEEE is a registered trademark in th

    15、e US Patent fitness for a particular purpose; non-infringement; and quality, accuracy, effectiveness, currency, or completeness of material. In addition, IEEE disclaims any and all conditions relating to: results; and workmanlike effort. IEEE Standards documents are supplied “AS IS” and “WITH ALL FA

    16、ULTS.” Use of an IEEE standard is wholly voluntary. The existence of an IEEE standard does not imply that there are no other ways to produce, test, measure, purchase, market, or provide other goods and services related to the scope of the IEEE standard. Furthermore, the viewpoint expressed at the ti

    17、me a standard is approved and issued is subject to change brought about through developments in the state of the art and comments received from users of the standard. In publishing and making its standards available, IEEE is not suggesting or rendering professional or other services for, or on behal

    18、f of, any person or entity nor is IEEE undertaking to perform any duty owed by any other person or entity to another. Any person utilizing any IEEE Standards document should rely upon his or her own independent judgment in the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances or, as appropriate

    19、, seek the advice of a competent professional in determining the appropriateness of a given IEEE standard. IN NO EVENT SHALL IEEE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO: PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;

    20、LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE PUBLICATION, USE OF, OR RELIANCE UPON ANY STANDARD, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBIL

    21、ITY OF SUCH DAMAGE AND REGARDLESS OF WHETHER SUCH DAMAGE WAS FORESEEABLE. Translations The IEEE consensus development process involves the review of documents in English only. In the event that an IEEE standard is translated, only the English version published by IEEE should be considered the approv

    22、ed IEEE standard. vi Copyright 2016 IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. Base Specifications, Issue 7 Official statements A statement, written or oral, that is not processed in accordance with the IEEE-SA Standards Board Operations Manual shall not be considered or inferred to be the offici

    23、al position of IEEE or any of its committees and shall not be considered to be, or be relied upon as, a formal position of IEEE. At lectures, symposia, seminars, or educational courses, an individual presenting information on IEEE standards shall make it clear that his or her views should be conside

    24、red the personal views of that individual rather than the formal position of IEEE. Comments on standards Comments for revision of IEEE Standards documents are welcome from any interested party, regardless of membership affiliation with IEEE. However, IEEE does not provide consulting information or a

    25、dvice pertaining to IEEE Standards documents. Suggestions for changes in documents should be in the form of a proposed change of text, together with appropriate supporting comments. Since IEEE standards represent a consensus of concerned interests, it is important that any responses to comments and

    26、questions also receive the concurrence of a balance of interests. For this reason, IEEE and the members of its societies and Standards Coordinating Committees are not able to provide an instant response to comments or questions except in those cases where the matter has previously been addressed. Fo

    27、r the same reason, IEEE does not respond to interpretation requests. Any person who would like to participate in revisions to an IEEE standard is welcome to join the relevant IEEE working group. Comments on standards should be submitted to the following address: Secretary, IEEE-SA Standards Board 44

    28、5 Hoes Lane Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA Laws and regulations Users of IEEE Standards documents should consult all applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with the provisions of any IEEE Standards document does not imply compliance to any applicable regulatory requirements. Implementers of the stand

    29、ard are responsible for observing or referring to the applicable regulatory requirements. IEEE does not, by the publication of its standards, intend to urge action that is not in compliance with applicable laws, and these documents may not be construed as doing so. Copyrights IEEE draft and approved

    30、 standards are copyrighted by IEEE under U.S. and international copyright laws. They are made available by IEEE and are adopted for a wide variety of both public and private uses. These include both use, by reference, in laws and regulations, and use in private self-regulation, standardization, and

    31、the promotion of engineering practices and methods. By making these documents available for use and adoption by public authorities and private users, IEEE does not waive any rights in copyright to the documents. Photocopies Subject to payment of the appropriate fee, IEEE will grant users a limited,

    32、non-exclusive license to photocopy portions of any individual standard for company or organizational internal use or individual, non-commercial use only. To arrange for payment of licensing fees, please contact Copyright Clearance Center, Customer Service, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923 USA;

    33、+1 978 750 8400. Permission to photocopy portions of any individual standard for educational classroom use can also be obtained through the Copyright Clearance Center. Base Specifications, Issue 7 Copyright 2016 IEEE and The Open Group. All rights reserved. vii Updating of IEEE Standards documents U

    34、sers of IEEE Standards documents should be aware that these documents may be superseded at any time by the issuance of new editions or may be amended from time to time through the issuance of amendments, corrigenda, or errata. An official IEEE document at any point in time consists of the current ed

    35、ition of the document together with any amendments, corrigenda, or errata then in effect. Every IEEE standard is subjected to review at least every ten years. When a document is more than ten years old and has not undergone a revision process, it is reasonable to conclude that its contents, although

    36、 still of some value, do not wholly reflect the present state of the art. Users are cautioned to check to determine that they have the latest edition of any IEEE standard. In order to determine whether a given document is the current edition and whether it has been amended through the issuance of am

    37、endments, corrigenda, or errata, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org or contact IEEE at the address listed previously. For more information about the IEEE SA or IEEEs standards development process, visit the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.orgdevelopindex.html. Errata Errat

    38、a, if any, for all IEEE standards can be accessed on the IEEE-SA Website at the following URL: http:/standards.ieee.org/findstds/errata/index.html. Users are encouraged to check this URL for errata periodically. Patents Attention is called to the possibility that implementation of this standard may

    39、require use of subject matter covered by patent rights. By publication of this standard, no position is taken by the IEEE with respect to the existence or validity of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder or patent applicant has filed a statement of assurance via an Accepted

    40、Letter of Assurance, then the statement is listed on the IEEE-SA Website at http:/standards.ieee.org/about/sasb/patcom/patents.html. Letters of Assurance may indicate whether the Submitter is willing or unwilling to grant licenses under patent rights without compensation or under reasonable rates, w

    41、ith reasonable terms and conditions that are demonstrably free of any unfair discrimination to applicants desiring to obtain such licenses. Essential Patent Claims may exist for which a Letter of Assurance has not been received. The IEEE is not responsible for identifying Essential Patent Claims for

    42、 which a license may be required, for conducting inquiries into the legal validity or scope of Patents Claims, or determining whether any licensing terms or conditions provided in connection with submission of a Letter of Assurance, if any, or in any licensing agreements are reasonable or non-discri

    43、minatory. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Further information may be obtained from the IEEE Standards Association. viii Copyright 2016 IEEE and The

    44、 Open Group. All rights reserved. Base Specifications, Issue 7 Participants The Austin Group IEEE Std 1003.1-2008 was prepared by the Austin Group, sponsored by the Portable Applications Standards Committee of the IEEE Computer Society, The Open Group, and ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22. At the time of approva

    45、l, the membership of the Austin Group was as follows: Andrew Josey, Chair Donald W. Cragun, Organizational Representative, IEEE PASC Nicholas M. Stoughton, Organizational Representative, ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 22 Mark S. Brown, Organizational Representative, The Open Group Cathy Fox, Technical Editor Aust

    46、in Group Technical Reviewers Theodore P. Baker Eric Blake Andries E. Brouwer Mark S. Brown David Butenhof Geoff Clare David N. Clissold Donald W. Cragun Lawrence D.K.B. Dwyer Cynthia Eastham Paul Eggert Clive D.W. Feather Glenn Fowler Cathy Fox Hallvard B. Furuseth Michael Gonzalez Harbour Joseph M.

    47、 Gwinn Bruno Haible Mark Harris Andrew Josey Michael Kerrisk David Korn Vincent Lefvre Wojtek Lerch Evan Liebovitch Jens Maurer Roland McGrath Jim Meyering Stephen Michell Matthew Rice Joerg Schilling Stephen Schwarm Konrad A. Schwarz Keld Simonsen Nicholas M. Stoughton Alexander Terekhov William L.

    48、 Toth Fred J. Tydeman Mats D. Wichmann Garrett Wollman James Youngman Working Group Members William J. Ackerman Adewole Akpose Butch Anton Peter Anvin Jay Ashford Theodore P. Baker Hugh Barrass William Bartholomew Andy Bihain Eric Blake Xie Bo Tomo Bogataj Walter Briscoe Andries E. Brouwer Mark S. B

    49、rown David Butenhof Juan Carreon Danila Chernetsov Keith Chow Jimmy Chun Geoff Clare Tommy Cooper Jeffrey L. Copeland Donald W. Cragun Karen Gordon Randall Groves Scott Gudgel Joseph M. Gwinn Charles Hammons Mark Harris Barry Hedquist Werner Hoelzl David Hopwood David P. Howell James Isaak Michael Jones Jaimon C. Jose Andrew Josey Piotr Karocki Sujit Madhavan Karataparambil Michael Kerrisk Alexey V. Khoroshilov Akio Kido William King Klaus Klein David Korn Wayne Krone Thomas Kurihara Jose Puthenkulam G.K. Rajani Chet Ramey Matthew Rice Gunnar Ritter Ro


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