1、Designation: B299 13B299/B299M 18Standard Specification forTitanium Sponge1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B299;B299/B299M; the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in
2、parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval. A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the purchase of virgin titanium sponge metal. This virgin metal is commonly designated astitanium sponge because it is
3、most commonly porous and sponge-like in texture, although metal produced electrolytically isgranular and is essentially nonporous.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values given inparentheses are mathematical conversions to SI
4、units that are provided for information only and are not considered stated in eachsystem may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from thetwo systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.1.3 This international standard
5、 was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardizationestablished in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issuedby the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.2. Referenc
6、ed Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E10 Test Method for Brinell Hardness of Metallic MaterialsE1409 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen and Nitrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas FusionE1447 Test Method for Determination of Hydrogen in Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Inert Gas Fusion
7、ThermalConductivity/Infrared Detection MethodE1941 Test Method for Determination of Carbon in Refractory and Reactive Metals and Their Alloys by Combustion AnalysisE2371 Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled PlasmaAtomic Emission Sp
8、ectrometry (Performance-Based Test Methodology)E2626 Guide for Spectrometric Analysis of Reactive and Refractory Metals (Withdrawn 2017)33. Terminology3.1 Lot Definitions:3.1.1 sponge, na lot shall consist of a single blend produced at one time.4. Materials and Manufacture4.1 Titanium sponge is usua
9、lly prepared by reduction of titanium tetrachloride and gets its sponge-like character from theprocesses involved in production. This spongy characteristic, however, is not considered essential and may be expected to varygreatly with manufacturing methods. For example, virgin titanium produced elect
10、rolytically is crystalline or granular in characterand is essentially nonporous. The metal is usually supplied in lump or granular form.4.2 This specification is not limited to metal prepared by reduction of the tetrachloride.4.3 Particle size requirements shall be a matter of agreement between the
11、manufacturer and the purchaser.1 This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B10 on Reactive and Refractory Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeB10.01 on Titanium.Current edition approved May 15, 2013Oct. 1, 2018. Published June 2013December 2018. Ori
12、ginally approved in 1955. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 asB299 08.13. DOI: 10.1520/B0299-13.10.1520/B0299_B0299M-18.2 For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standardsvolume informatio
13、n, refer to the standardsstandards Document Summary page on the ASTM website.3 The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have bee
14、n made to the previous version. Becauseit may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current versionof the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document
15、.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States15. Chemical Composition5.1 The titanium sponge metal purchased to this specification shall conform to the chemical composition requirementsprescribed in Table 1.6. Hardness6.1 Brinell h
16、ardness testing is optional unless requested by the purchaser. The Brinell Hardness of a lot shall be the average ofthe hardness determinations on each button prepared as described in 7.1.2. The average hardness of each button for the lot shallnot exceed the values specified in Table 1. Measurement
17、shall be in accordance with Test Method E10, using a 0.394 in.(10-mm)10-mm ball, 3307-lbf (1500-kgf)1500-kgf load, and 30-s dwell.7. Sampling7.1 The sampling method used shall be a matter of agreement between the detailed in this section shall be considered theindustry standard, but alternate method
18、s are acceptable when agreed to by the manufacturer and the purchaser, but purchaser. Allsampling methods shall be such that the analysis is representative of the sponge lot. The following is one acceptable industrialpractice:7.1.1 The sample for determining the conformance of the lot to the chemica
19、l and physical requirements shall be obtained bysampling the lot to produce a 0.25 % sample but not less than 30 lb (14 kg)14 kg providing the lot is crushed to a particle sizeof 1 in. (25.4 mm)25.4 mm or less in size. The blended evaluation sample shall be split to produce two or more samples 0.1 l
20、b(45 g)45 g or more each, to be melted into buttons, and one sample of at least 0.5 lb (227 g).227 g.7.1.2 The buttons shall be melted in a furnace under an inert-gas atmosphere. The resulting 0.1-lb (45-g)45-g buttons shall bechecked for Brinell hardness and samples shall be taken from each button
21、for the required chemical analysis (Table 1). The 0.5-lb(227-g) sample 227-g sample will not be melted as it is to be used for analysis of volatile elements removed during the buttonmelting process or those that may be added as a consequence such as copper and tungsten. The 0.5-lb 227-g sample shall
22、 be usedfor the metal, chloride, hydrogen, and moisture (water) analysis.8. Retests8.1 If the results of any test lot are not in conformance with the requirements of this specification, the lot may be retested atthe option of the manufacturer. The frequency of the retest will double the initial numb
23、er of tests. If the results of the retest conformto this specification, then the retest values will become the test values for certification. If the results of the retest fail to conformto this specification, the material will be rejected in accordance with Section 9.All test values, original and re
24、test, shall be reportedto the purchaser.TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsElement Weight by % (Dry Basis)GPA ELB SLC MLD MDENitrogen, max 0.02 0.008 0.015 0.015 0.015Carbon, max 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Sodium, max F 0.10 0.19 . .Magnesium, max F 0.08 . 0.50 0.08Aluminum, max 0.05 0.03 0.05 0.05 .Chloride
25、, max 0.20 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.12Iron, max 0.15 0.05 0.05 0.15 0.12Silicon, max 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04 0.04Hydrogen, max 0.03 0.02 0.05 0.03 0.010Water, max 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02Oxygen, max 0.15 0.08 0.10 0.10 0.10Chromium, max . . . . 0.06GNickel, max . . . . 0.05GAll other impurities (total), maxTita
26、nium, balance (nominal)0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainder0.05remainderBrinell hardness, max 140 110 120 140 140A GPA general purpose grade, either magnesium or sodium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep, or both.B ELElectrolytic produced.C SLSodium reduced and finis
27、hed by leaching.D MLMagnesium reduced and finished by leaching or inert gas sweep.E MDMagnesium reduced and finished by distillation.F Sodium or magnesium, max 0.50 %.G The chemical requirements for grade MD sponge have been modified to reflect the use of stainless steel production vessels, which ar
28、e the norm for this grade of sponge.The use of stainless steel necessarily now incorporates unavoidable chromium and nickel contaminants. These contaminants do not alter the basic property requirementsof the sponge. However, it is necessary to incorporate these two unavoidable contaminants into the
29、chemical requirements for this grade, just as the other unavoidablecontaminants have been assigned maximum permissible levels.B299/B299M 1829. Certification9.1 A producers or suppliers certification shall be furnished to the purchaser. The certification will state the manufacturingmethod employed an
30、d the grade of titanium sponge produced (as per Table 1). In addition, the certification will state that thesampling and testing was performed in accordance with this specification and has been found to meet the requirements therein.A report of the results, including Brinell Hardness if required, sh
31、all be furnished with the certification.10. Methods of Chemical Analysis10.1 The methods of analysis shall be in accordance with Test Methods E1409, E1447, E1941, or E2371, or Guide E2626 orby other methods as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Moisture content shall be determin
32、ed by any currentacceptable industrial practice.10.2 Where test methods do not exist, the supplier will determine the technique(s) unless otherwise required by the purchaser.11. Rejection11.1 Material not conforming to this specification or to authorized modifications shall be subject to rejection.
33、Unless otherwisespecified, rejected material may be returned to the manufacturer at the manufacturersmanufacturers expense, unless the purchaserreceives, within 3 weeks of the notice of rejection, other instructions for disposition.12. Referee Test and Analysis12.1 In the event of disagreement betwe
34、en the manufacturer and the purchaser on the conformance of the material to therequirements of this specification, a mutually acceptable referee shall perform the tests in question. The refereesreferees testingshall be used in determining conformance of the material to this specification.13. Packagi
35、ng and Package Marking13.1 The method of packaging shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser. The size and nature of thecontainers used are generally determined by the time and length of storage and the amount of handling involved. Where a firehazard or sponge deterioration dur
36、ing prolonged storage are primary considerations, titanium sponge should be packed in air-tight,moisture-proof, sealed metal cans or drums of a type suitable for shipment at the lowest rate by common carrier. Tightly sealedfiber drums are considered adequate where handling is at a minimum and usage
37、is rather prompt.14. Keywords14.1 titanium; titanium spongeASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such pat
38、ent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn.Your comments are invited eith
39、er for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair h
40、earing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standa
41、rd may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the Copyright Clearance Center, 222Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923, Tel: (978) 646-2600; http:/ 183
