1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULSeptember 14, 20121UL 4730OUTLINE OF INVESTIGATIONFORNAMEPLATE, DATASHEET, AND SAMPLING REQUIREMENTS OFPHOTOVOLTAIC MODULESIssue Number: 1SEPTEMBER 14, 2012Summary of TopicsThis is the first issu
2、e of the Outline of Investigation for Nameplate,Datasheet, and Sampling Requirements of Photovoltaic Modules, whichcovers the required information on the production and measurementtolerances of nameplate rating of flat plate photovoltaic (PV) modules, anddoes not apply to concentrator PV modules. Th
3、is outline identifies fiverating conditions under which the performance parameters of PV modulesshall be reported and a statistical method to determine the number ofsamples required for the power rating measurements.COPYRIGHT 2012 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED
4、FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULSEPTEMBER 14, 2012UL 47302No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULCONTENTS1 Scope .42 General 43 Nameplate .54 Datasheet 65 Sampling .6APPENDIX ASamp
5、le Size (n) Determination(informative)A.1 General .A1A.2 Estimating Standard Deviation “” .A2A.3 Estimating Sample Size “n” .A2SEPTEMBER 14, 2012 UL 4730 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL1 Scope1.1 This outline identifies the r
6、equired information on the production and measurement tolerances ofnameplate rating of flat plate photovoltaic (PV) modules.1.2 This outline identifies five rating conditions under which the performance parameters of PV modulesshall be reported.1.3 This outline identifies a statistical method to det
7、ermine the number of samples required for the powerrating measurements.1.4 The samples shall be drawn at random without regard to their quality as defined in the Standard forSampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes, ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 (ANSI/ASQ, 2003).1.5 The power rating measurements
8、shall be performed.1.6 This outline requires that the nameplate on the PV module carry the minimum required informationidentified in this outline.1.7 This outline requires that the datasheet supplied by PV module manufacturers carry the minimumrequired information identified in this outline.1.8 Ever
9、y model/type label rating shall be tested to this outline. For the purpose of this outline, amodel/type is defined as modules that have a nameplate rating within 5% of the tested modules inaccordance with this outline.1.9 This outline does not specify annual sampling frequency.1.10 This outline does
10、 not apply to concentrator PV modules.2 General2.1 After accounting for the light induced degradation in accordance with the Standard for CrystallineSilicon Terrestrial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules - Design Qualification and Type Approval, UL 61215 (IEC61215:2005), or the Standard for Thin-Film Terrest
11、rial Photovoltaic (PV) Modules Design Qualificationand Type Approval, UL 61646 (IEC 61646:2008), the measured average power shall be equal to or higherthan the nominal nameplate power rating at STC and no individual module power shall be more than 3%below nominal. These requirements are represented
12、by the following two equations:Pmeasured, average Prated, nominalPmeasured, individual (Prated, nominal 3% production tolerance)Where:Pmeasured, averageis the measured average power of “n” samplesPmeasured, individualis the measured power of individual samplesPmeasured, averageis the independently m
13、easured average power of “1-to-100” samples(n). The number of samples “n” is to be calculated as described in Sampling, Section 5.SEPTEMBER 14, 2012UL 47304UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL2.2 In addition, a minimum of one modul
14、e (more modules may be required as dictated by the purchaseror user) closest to the nominal rated power shall be measured at the other four rating conditions given inthe Standard for Photovoltaic module performance testing and energy rating, IEC 61853-1, (NOCT, LIC,HTC, and LTC). All five rating con
15、ditions are presented in Table 2.1. The nameplate on the individual PVmodules shall carry the minimum information identified in Nameplate, Section 3. Similarly, the datasheetsupplied by the PV module manufacturer shall carry the minimum information identified in Datasheet,Section 4. The number of sa
16、mples used to calculate the measured average power shall be determinedusing the method identified in Sampling, Section 5.Table 2.1Five Rating Conditions as Required by IEC 61853-1Abbreviation Description Irradiance(W/m2)ModuleTemperature(C)AmbientTemperature(C)Wind Speed(m/s)SpectrumHTC Hightemperat
17、ureconditions1000 75 AM 1.5STC Standard testconditions1000 25 AM 1.5NOCT Nominaloperating celltemperatureconditions800 20 1 AM 1.5LTC Low temperatureconditions500 15 AM 1.5LIC Low irradianceconditions200 25 AM 1.53 Nameplate3.1 The nameplate on the individual PV modules shall carry the following min
18、imum information:a) Name and logo of original manufacturer or supplier,b) Type designation and serial number,c) Maximum system voltage,d) Rated nominal power (Pmax) at STC (1000 W/m2, 25C cell temperature, and air mass AM1.5 global spectrum),e) Maximum negative production tolerance (- % or %) of Pma
19、xat STC, andf) Rated nominal short circuit current (Isc), open circuit voltage (Voc), voltage at maximum powerpoint (Vmax), and current at maximum power point (Imax) at STC.SEPTEMBER 14, 2012 UL 4730 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION F
20、ROM UL4 Datasheet4.1 The datasheet supplied by the PV module manufacturer shall carry the following minimuminformation:a) All the nameplate information identified in Nameplate, Section 3,b) Temperature coefficients (%/oC) of Voc,Isc, and Pmaxat STC,c) Performance data for at least one module closest
21、 to the nominal rated power measured atthe five rating conditions given in the Standard for Photovoltaic module performance testing andenergy rating, IEC 61853-1, and shown in Table 2.1. In addition, the uncertainty of measuredvalue at each test condition shown in Table 2.1, and the uncertainty valu
22、e of the measured STCdata shall appear on the datasheet.d) Number of samples used to obtain measured average power,e) Measured power of all the individual modules used to obtain average power,f) The measurement uncertainty of each test sample at STC along with calibration traceabilitychain for the m
23、easuring equipment and calibrated modules used in the production line by themanufacturer, andg) A statement that the test modules were stabilized for light induced degradation bypreconditioning the test samples according to the Standard for Crystalline Silicon TerrestrialPhotovoltaic (PV) Modules -
24、Design Qualification and Type Approval, UL 61215 (IEC61215:2005), Section 5, or after light soaking according to the Standard for Thin-Film TerrestrialPhotovoltaic (PV) Modules Design Qualification and Type Approval, UL 61646 (IEC61646:2008), Section 10.19, or other stabilizing methods as recommende
25、d by the manufacturer(if they are consistent with outdoor operation).5 Sampling5.1 The samples shall be drawn at random without regard to their quality as defined in the Standard forSampling procedures and tables for inspection by attributes, ANSI/ASQ Z1.4 (ANSI/ASQ, 2003).Pmeasured,averageis the in
26、dependently measured average power of “1-to-100” samples (n). The exactnumber of samples “n” to be used is to be determined based on the percent standard deviation “ (%)”of 30 (thirty) samples provided by the manufacturer from a production batch or batches based on theaccepted sampling procedure. Ta
27、ble 5.1 identifies the required number of samples (n) depending on thestandard deviation of 30 samples. A detailed explanation of the statistical approach for the sample sizedetermination is provided in Appendix A.SEPTEMBER 14, 2012UL 47306UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCT
28、ION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULTable 5.1Sample Size Determination Based on the Standard Deviation of 30 Samples (%) 6.0 5.0, 6.0 4.3, 5.0 3.8, 4.3 3.0, 3.8 2.5, 3.0 2.1, 2.5 1.8, 2.1 1.7, 1.8 1.5, 1.7 1.4, 1.5 1.2, 1.4 1.0, 1.2 0.7, 1.0 0.7n10755040302015108654321SEPTEMBER 14, 2012 UL
29、4730 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULSEPTEMBER 14, 2012UL 47308No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULAPPENDIX ASample Size (n) Determinatio
30、n(informative)A.1 GeneralA.1.1 The required number of samples (n) for the average is dictated by three parameters:a) The maximum production tolerance (E) allowed by the specification, currently 3%,b) The population standard deviation, , andc) The degree of confidence.A.1.2 Assuming a normal populati
31、on, Let =E/, the ratio of the production tolerance and standarddeviation; i.e. 3%P/.A.1.3 It is hypothesized that:a) Ho: The measured mean (a) is equal to the nominal mean ()b) H1: The two means are not equal.A.1.4 The degree of confidence defines the risk involved in rejecting Ho when it is actuall
32、y true. Suchprobability is set to 5% (i.e. 95% confidence level).A.1.5 To choose a proper sample size for 95% confidence level, Table 5.1, derived from operating curvesof “Operating Characteristics for the Common Statistical Tests of Significance”, C.D. Ferris, F. E. Grubbs,and C.L. Weaver, The Anna
33、ls of Mathematical Statistics, June 1946, will be used. It plots the risk ofmistakenly accepting that the measured mean is equal to the nominal mean, against for given samplesize. Note that the table was generated based on the fact that all independently measured Pmaxdata shallbe within 3% of the ra
34、ted value.SEPTEMBER 14, 2012 UL 4730 A1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION ORDISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM ULA.2 Estimating Standard Deviation “”A.2.1 When historical data is available (assuming the sample size is larger than 30), it can be used toestimate the popu
35、lation standard deviation . However, when there is no such historical data,conventional statistical understanding calls for a minimum of 30 samples to obtain a normal distribution.The manufacturer shall supply the standard deviation (in %) based on the in-line flash tests and theaccepted sampling pr
36、ocedure. The flash tester shall be calibrated using calibrated modules as per thequality system traceability requirements of the standard.A.3 Estimating Sample Size “n”A.3.1 For example, assuming a maximum population standard deviation of 1% (based on historical/typicaldata), from Table 5.1, a minimum of 3 samples would be required.SEPTEMBER 14, 2012UL 4730A2
