1、_SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising theref
2、rom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.Copyright 2014 SAE InternationalAll rights reserved. No part of this publi
3、cation may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE.TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada)Tel: +1 724-776-4970 (out
4、side USA)Fax: 724-776-0790Email: CustomerServicesae.orgSAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.orgSAE values your input. To provide feedbackon this Technical Report, please visithttp:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J3043_201407SURFACE VEHICLERECOMMENDED PRACTICEJ3043 JUL2014Issued 2014-07Ambulance Equipment
5、 Mount Device or SystemsRATIONALEThis SAE Recommended Practice was developed by members of the SAE Truck Crashworthiness Committee in support of the ambulance industrys need to apply science to the design and testing of the equipment mount devices or systems used in the ambulance patient compartment
6、. The Recommended Practice was validated collaboratively by industry and government partners through extensive testing funded and managed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, the Department of Homeland Security and the Ambulance Manufacturers Division of the NTEA. Input load
7、ing for the dynamic testing was generated using the vehicle specific crash pulses described in SAE J2917 and SAE J2956, respectively. An independent analysis of the testing methodology and resulting data was performed by government and private members of the automotive testing community.1. SCOPEThis
8、 SAE Recommended Practice describes the dynamic and static testing procedures required to evaluate the integrity of an equipment mount device or system when exposed to a frontal or side impact (i.e., a crash impact). Its purpose is to provide equipment manufacturers, ambulance builders, and end-user
9、s with testing procedures and, where appropriate, acceptance criteria that, to a great extent, ensure equipment mount devices or systems meet the same performance criteria across the industry. Prospective equipment mount manufacturers or vendors have the option of performing either dynamic testing o
10、r static testing. Descriptions of the test set-up, test instrumentation, photographic/video coverage, testfixture, and performance metrics are included.2. REFERENCESThe following publications form a part of this specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, thelatest issu
11、e of SAE publications shall apply.2.1 Applicable DocumentsAvailable from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-806-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside USA), www.sae.org.SAE J211-1 Instrumentation for Impact Test - Part 1: Electronic Instrume
12、ntationSAE J211-2 Instrumentation for Impact Test - Part 2: Photographic InstrumentationSAE J2917 Occupant Restraint and Equipment Mounting Integrity - Frontal Impact System-Level Ambulance Patient CompartmentSAE J2956 Occupant Restraint and Equipment Mounting Integrity - Side Impact System-Level Am
13、bulance Patient CompartmentSAE INTERNATIONAL J3043 Issued JUL2014 Page 2 of 62.2 Related PublicationsThe following publications are provided for information purposes only and are not a required part of this SAE Technical Report.Center for Advanced Product Evaluation (CAPE) Report CTR06963 NIOSH Dyna
14、mic-Static Factor, March 22, 20133. DEFINITIONS3.1 “Dynamic Amplification Factor”: The dynamic amplification factor is a multiplier used to convert the peak dynamic load to an equivalent static load.3.2 “Equipment Mounting Device or System”: A retention system that utilizes a temporary or permanent
15、means offixation, which may have fixed or adjustable positions. Also includes all hardware provided for holding the intended device(s).3.3 “Fracture” means cracking or tearing of the equipment mount system.3.4 “Load Bearing” means any component of the equipment mounting device or system, hardware an
16、d fixtures, or litter-mounted device or system that is required to maintain the equipment in a secured position.3.5 “Load Path” means a series of load bearing components.3.6 “Mounting Hardware”: Fasteners and other associated components that are used to affix an equipment mounting device or system t
17、o the interior of an ambulance or to a litter.3.7 The “Peak Acceleration” is the maximum “g” loading for the applicable pulse corridor as described in either SAE J2917 or SAE J2956.3.8 “Test Analog/Device”: A rigid inert structure that represents the physical dimensions, weight and center of gravity
18、 in all axes of the equipment for which the mounting device or system was designed to restrain. It provides connection points to attach to the intended mounting device or system that match those found on the actual piece of equipment to be mounted in the equipment mounting device or system.3.9 The “
19、Quasi Static Applied Load (QSAL)” is the load to be applied in the static test of an equipment mounting device or system in lieu of a dynamic test. The QSAL is defined mathematically as the Equipment Weight times the Peak Acceleration times the Dynamic Amplification Factor4. DYNAMIC TEST REQUIREMENT
20、SEquipment mounting device or system shall be tested using the pulse corridors defined in SAE J2917, Occupant Restraint and Equipment Mounting Integrity Frontal Impact System-Level Ambulance Patient Compartment and/or SAE J2956, Occupant Restraint and Equipment Mounting Integrity Side Impact System-
21、Level Ambulance Patient Compartment. The equipment mounting device or system will then be evaluated in accordance with section 8. 5. DYNAMIC TEST CONDITIONSThe following conditions apply:5.1 Due to the large number of mounting locations for each mounting device or system, a rigid sled test fixture s
22、hall beused. For example, a horizontal surface would represent a countertop or floor mount while a vertical surface would represent a wall.5.2 These tests are considered destructive therefore, deformation and fracture shall be expected and consideredacceptable within the criteria of Section 8. At th
23、e option of the manufacturer, a new production equipment mounting device or system may be used in each test attitude.SAE INTERNATIONAL J3043 Issued JUL2014 Page 3 of 66. DYNAMIC TEST PROCEDURESThe equipment mounting device or system manufacturer is responsible for determining all recommended product
24、 or product mount orientations relative to the patient compartment of the ambulance. In lieu of testing all orientations, theequipment mount device or system manufacturer may determine the worst case orientation to be tested where other orientations can be shown sufficient by comparative analysis. I
25、n most cases a minimum of two tests (tension and shear) should be anticipated. The exception would be a completely symmetrical installation such as a cylindrical pole mount.6.1 Install the equipment mounting device or system directly to the sled device as described in the manufacturersinstructions.
26、Preservation of the mount design intent must be maintained in order to replicate performance when mounted in an ambulance or to a litter.6.2 Install test analog/device per manufacturer provided instructions.6.3 For equipment mounting devices or systems that retain compressed gas cylinders, such as o
27、xygen tanks or fire extinguishers, the installed cylinders should be made non-volatile or an analog device of equivalent weight shall beused.6.4 Test in accordance with dynamic sled test facility protocol to achieve dynamic loading as defined in SAE J2917 and/or SAE J2956.7. POST DYNAMIC-TEST INSPEC
28、TION7.1 Inspect the equipment mounting device or systems structure and hardware for evidence of material fracture and deformation. Any instances of deformation or fracture should be noted in the report through photos. Parts breaking free from the equipment mounting device or system should also be do
29、cumented through photos and noted in the report.7.2 It should be noted if the equipment or test analog/device was retained in the equipment mounting device or system.7.3 It should be noted if the equipment mounting device or system and tested analog or device remained fastened to the sled test fixtu
30、re or surface.8. DYNAMIC TEST ACCEPTANCE CRITERIAThe following acceptance criteria are applied per Section 4 REQUIREMENTS to determine the “pass” or “fail” state of the test.8.1 Deformation and displacement of equipment mounting device or system, installed equipment, or analog device is acceptable.8
31、.2 Fracture is acceptable as long as load bearing components are not completely detached or fully severed.8.3 Equipment mounting device or system shall retain the equipment or analog device for the duration of the test.8.4 Data resulting from instrumentation installed per a manufacturers request wil
32、l NOT be a part of the pass/fail criteria associated with this testing procedure.9. STATIC TEST REQUIREMENTSIf a prospective equipment mount device or system manufacturer or vendor chooses the option to perform static tests on an equipment mount device or system, the equipment mounting device or sys
33、tem shall be tested to the quasi-static applied load (QSAL) calculated as follows:QSAL = Equipment Weight x Peak Acceleration x Dynamic Amplification Factor The Dynamic Amplification Factor shall be 1.5. The equipment mounting device or systems will be evaluated in accordance with Section 13. The mo
34、unting device or system shall comply with the following: 9.1 The equipment or analog shall be retained in the equipment mount device or system.SAE INTERNATIONAL J3043 Issued JUL2014 Page 4 of 69.2 The equipment mounting device or system shall remain attached to the test surface.10. STATIC TEST CONDI
35、TIONSThe following conditions apply:10.1 Due to the large number of mounting locations for each mounting device or system, a rigid test fixture shall be used. For example, a horizontal surface would represent a countertop or floor mount while a vertical surface would represent a wall.10.2 These test
36、s are considered destructive; therefore, deformation and fracture shall be expected and considered acceptable within the criteria of Section 13. At the option of the manufacturer, a new production equipment mounting device or system may be used in each test attitude.11. STATIC TEST PROCEDURESMountin
37、g devices or systems that are temporary or permanent mounts with fixed or adjustable positions are to be tested as described below. Each mounting device or system shall be capable of meeting the requirements of Section 9. The equipment mounting device or system manufacturer is responsible for determ
38、ining all recommended product or product mount orientations relative to the patient compartment of the ambulance. Each product must pass in all possible orientations offered by the manufacturer. In lieu of testing all orientations, the equipment mount device or system manufacturer will determine the
39、 worst case orientation to be tested where other orientations can be shown sufficient by comparative analysis.11.1 Install the mounting device or system and test analog or device into the mount as described in the manufacturers instructions. It is recommended a new mount be used for each test.11.2 A
40、ttach a cable with a calibrated in-line gauge to the test analog or device at a point representing the center of gravity of the equipment being tested.11.3 For all quasi-static test cases, the peak quasi-static applied load (QSAL) shall be calculated as follows:QSAL = Equipment Weight x Peak Acceler
41、ation x Dynamic Amplification Factor EXAMPLE: The illustration below is the top view of an ambulance and is showing a 10 lb. piece of equipment mounted on a wall. The equipment is experiencing loading due to a frontal impact:10 lbs. X 22.5 G (peak acceleration derived from SAE J2917) X 1.5 (Dynamic
42、Amplification Factor) =337.5 lbs. QSAL required11.4 Apply the load to the test analog/device/asset to achieve the QSAL in no less than 30 seconds. When the QSAL has been attained; hold that load for a minimum of 5 seconds.11.5 Release applied load, to achieve 0 lbs. in no more than 10 seconds.11.6 R
43、ecord the maximum quasi static applied load and any deformation or fracture of the equipment mounting device or system.SAE INTERNATIONAL J3043 Issued JUL2014 Page 5 of 611.7 Replace damaged part(s), hardware, or entire mounting device or system as necessary for each test direction.11.8 Evaluate the
44、mounting device or systems performance as described in Sections 9 and 13.11.9 Repeat the quasi static testing as described in paragraphs 11.1 - 11.8 to certify the installation of the equipment mounting device or system in each mounting attitude offered by the manufacturer. Note: The manufacturersha
45、ll determine all potential locations the equipment may be mounted in the ambulance with their concurrence and therefore the applicable quasi-static applied load. Examples include:11.9.1 Mounted on a side wall or other side facing surface.11.9.2 Mounted on the front bulkhead or other rear facing surf
46、ace.11.9.3 Mounted on the rear wall or other forward facing surface.11.9.4 Mounted on a horizontal countertop or floor-like surface.11.10 Record all resultant data.12. POST STATIC-TEST INSPECTION12.1 Inspect equipment mounting device or system structure and hardware for evidence of material fracture
47、 and deformation. Any instances should be noted in the report through photos of the deformation or fracture. Parts breaking free from the equipment mounting device or system should also be documented through photos and noted in the report.12.2 It should be noted if the equipment or test analog or de
48、vice was retained in the equipment mounting device or system.13. STATIC TEST ACCEPTANCE CRITERIAThe following acceptance criteria are applied per Section 9 REQUIREMENTS to determine the “pass” or “fail” state of the test.13.1 Deformation and displacement of equipment mounting device or system, insta
49、lled equipment, or analog device isacceptable.13.2 Fracture is acceptable as long as load bearing components are not completely detached or fully severed.13.3 Equipment mounting device or system shall retain the equipment or analog device for the duration of the test.13.4 Data resulting from instrumentation installed per a manufacturers request will NOT be a part of the pass/fail criteria 14. NOTES14.1 Marginal IndiciaA change ba
