1、_ SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising there
2、from, is the sole responsibility of the user.” SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be revised, reaffirmed, stabilized, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions. Copyright 2013 SAE International All rights reserved. No part of this p
3、ublication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of SAE. TO PLACE A DOCUMENT ORDER: Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) Tel: +1 724-776-497
4、0 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Email: CustomerServicesae.org SAE WEB ADDRESS: http:/www.sae.org SAE values your input. To provide feedback on this Technical Report, please visit http:/www.sae.org/technical/standards/J2843_201301 AEROSPACE SURFACE VEHICLE STANDARD J2843 JAN2013 Issued 2011-02 Revi
5、sed 2013-01 Superseding J2843 FEB2012 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Recovery/Recycling/Recharging Equipment for Flammable Refrigerants for Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems RATIONALE This SAE Standard is revised such that the pressurized leak check is conducted with the HVAC blower on “Low“ and the SAE J2913 co
6、mpliant leak detector set to high sensitivity (4 grams per year leak rate). 1. SCOPE This SAE Standard applies to equipment to be used with R-1234yf refrigerant only. It establishes requirements for equipment used to recharge R-1234yf to an accuracy level that meets Section 9 of this document and pu
7、rity levels defined in SAE J2099. Refrigerant service equipment is required to ensure adequate refrigerant recovery to reduce emissions and provide for accurate recharging of mobile air conditioning systems. Equipment shall be certified to meet all performance requirements outlined in this document
8、and international/regional construction and safety requirements as outlined in this document. 1.1 Purpose The purpose of this SAE Standard is to establish the specific minimum equipment requirements for the recovery/recycle/recharge of HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf) refrigerant that has been directly removed
9、 from, and is intended for reuse in, mobile air conditioning systems and system recharging of recycled or virgin R-1234yf. Establishing such specifications will ensure that system operation with recycled R-1234yf will provide the same level of performance and durability as new refrigerant. NOTE: R-1
10、234yf is mildly flammable refrigerants called mildly flammable have a maximum burning velocity of 0.10 m/s when tested at 23 C and 101.3 kPa (ASHRAE 34 and ISO 817 Class 2L). SAE J2843 Revised JAN2013 Page 2 of 21 2. REFERENCES 2.1 Applicable Documents The following publications form a part of this
11、specification to the extent specified herein. Unless otherwise indicated, the latest issue of SAE publications shall apply. 2.1.1 SAE Publications Available from SAE International, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, Tel: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside U
12、SA), www.sae.org. 2.1.1.1 System Design Guidelines SAE J639 Safety Standards for Motor Vehicle Refrigerant Vapor Compressions Systems SAE J2844 R-1234yf (HFO-1234yf) New Refrigerant Purity and Container Requirements for Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems 2.1.1.2 Service Activities SAE J2888 R-12
13、34yf Service Hose, Fittings and Couplers for Mobile Refrigerant Systems Service Equipment 2.1.1.3 Technician Service Procedures SAE J2845 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf and R-744 Technician Training for Service and Containment of Refrigerants Used in Mobile A/C Systems 2.1.1.4 Service Equipment SAE J2099 Stand
14、ard of Purity for Recycled HFC-134a (R-134a) and HFO-1234yf (R-1234yf) for Use in Mobile Air-Conditioning Systems SAE J2296 Retest of Refrigerant Cylinder SAE J2912 Performance Requirements for R-134a and R-1234yf Refrigerant Diagnostic Identifiers (RDI) for Use with Mobile Air Conditioning Systems
15、SAE J2913 R-1234yf HFO-1234yf Refrigerant Electronic Leak Detectors, Minimum Performance Criteria SAE J2927 R-1234yf Refrigerant Identifier Installed in Recovery and Recycling Equipment for Use with Mobile A/C Systems 2.1.1.5 Reference Documents SAE J1739 Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis
16、in Design (Design FMEA), Potential Failure Mode and Effects Analysis in Manufacturing and Assembly Processes (Process FMEA) SAE J2911 Procedure for Certification that Requirements for Mobile Air Conditioning System Components, Service Equipment, and Service Technician Training Meet SAE J Standards S
17、AE J2843 Revised JAN2013 Page 3 of 21 2.1.2 CGA Publications Available from CGA, Crystal Square #2, Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, VA 22202-4102. CGA Pamphlet S-1.1 Pressure Relief Device Standard Part 1 - Cylinders for Compressed Gases 2.1.3 DOT Publications Available from the Superintendent o
18、f Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. DOT Standard, CFR Title 49, Section 173.304 Shippers - General Requirements for Shipments and Packaging 2.1.4 UL Publications UL is currently in the process of updating UL 1963 to comprehend the use with A2L fluids. All references t
19、o UL 1963 within this document shall be to UL1963 (version 4). The following are exceptions to UL1963: 1. A hazardous location plug shall not be required. 2. A hose assembly inside the machine shall not exceed 0.91 meters (3 feet) in length. 3. The hose tensile pull requirement shall be 113 Kg (250
20、lbs) minimum. 4. The required hose permeation shall be 4.9 Kg/m2 (1 Lb/Ft2) /yr. maximum. Available from Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096, Tel: 847-272-8800, . UL 1769 Cylinder Valves UL 1963 version 4 Refrigerant Recovery/charge Equipment 2.1.5 Other Pub
21、lications ANSI/ISA 12.12.01 (Current Revision) Nonincendive Electrical Equipment for Use in Class I and II, Division 2 and Class III Divisions 1 and 2 Hazardous (Classified) Locations (these standards reference NFPA-70 and NFPA497) 3. SPECIFICATION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION 3.1 The equipment shall be
22、able to remove, recover, recycle and recharge R-1234yf refrigerant on-site from MAC systems per the test procedures in Sections 8, 9, and 10. 3.2 The equipment shall be suitable for use in an automotive service garage environment and be capable of continuous operation in ambient temperatures from 10
23、 to 50 C (50 to 120 F) and meet the accuracy defined in this standard. 3.3 The equipment shall be certified that it meets requirements of this document and the requirements of SAE J2911. 3.3.1 The manufacturer can state certification of compliance with this Standard only after meeting the requiremen
24、ts in SAE J2911. (See Appendix B for additional information.) 3.3.2 Any independent testing organization that has received approval by the Administrator to certify equipment as meeting the standard requirements identified under US EPA 40 CFR Ch. I (7-1-08 Edition) 82.38 shall provide certification o
25、f compliance in meeting the requirements in 3.3. SAE J2843 Revised JAN2013 Page 4 of 21 4. REFRIGERANT RECYCLING EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS 4.1 Moisture and Acid The equipment shall incorporate a desiccant package that shall be replaced before saturation with moisture, and whose mineral acid capacity is
26、 at least 5% by weight of the dry desiccant. Oil separation operation shall occur before the desiccant filter in the recovery circuit flow path to promote maximum desiccant life. The equipment shall be provided with a means of indicating when the filter desiccant moisture capacity has reached the al
27、lowable limit and desiccant replacement is required. This may include a reliable means of detecting moisture level or an algorithm based on the amount refrigerant recovered. The user shall be clearly alerted to replace the filter prior to the full saturation. Warnings shall be displayed on screens a
28、nd printed on printouts where applicable. The warnings shall explain that the machine is approaching the end of filter life. The manufacturer shall incorporate a lockout when the end of filter life is reached. 4.1.1 The manufacturer shall use an identification system to ensure that a new filter has
29、been installed to reset the machine for operation. 4.2 Filter The equipment shall incorporate an in-line filter that will trap particulates of 15 micron spherical diameter or greater. 4.3 Scale (If Used) The scale shall maintain accuracy when moved, as per the test in Section 10. 4.4 Requirements fo
30、r Non-condensable Gases (NCGs) 4.4.1.1 The equipment shall automatically purge NCGs if the acceptable level is exceeded or incorporate a device to alert the operator that NCGs level has been exceeded. NCGs removal must be part of normal operation of the equipment and instructions must be provided to
31、 enable the task to be accomplished within 30 min (to reach the refrigerant purity level specified in SAE J2099 updated February, 2011). 4.4.1.2 Equipment that uses the manual NCGs purge process shall provide a method to determine the temperature of the refrigerant in the container being purged. Thi
32、s is required for determining the container refrigerant pressure/temperature relationship as the container lowers in temperature during the purge process. This is required to alert the operator if they have properly operated the purge cycle and determined the amount of NCGs remaining in the containe
33、r that has been purged. The procedure shall be identified in the instruction manual provided with the recycling equipment. 4.4.2 Pressure indicating device that are used to identify the NCGs level shall have readable divisions of 7 kPa values in order to identify the level of excess NCGs in the refr
34、igerant. 4.4.2.1 Refrigerant loss from non-condensable gas purging shall not exceed 5% by weight of the total refrigerant removed from the test system 4.5 The tank shall be tested on each charge cycle for non-condensable gasses and a purge performed if required. 4.6 Recharging and Transfer of Recycl
35、ed Refrigerant 4.6.1 Refrigerant for recharging and transfer shall be taken from the liquid phase only. SAE J2843 Revised JAN2013 Page 5 of 21 5. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS 5.1 Construction 5.1.1 Electrical Requirements for R-1234yf Equipment 5.1.1.1 See Section 11 listing international/regional constructi
36、on and safety requirements. 5.1.2 Release of R-1234yf in Normal Operation of the Equipment Any component that normally releases small amounts of R-1234yf vapor into the cabinet shall have the vapor directed away from any potential ignition sources to be dispersed from the cabinet by the ventilation
37、system Any user maintenance procedure (such as filter change or tank evacuation) shall assure that procedures are in place to collect and/or safely vent any residual refrigerant before the system is opened. 5.1.3 Service Couplers To avoid cross connection with non R-1234yf vehicle ports the equipmen
38、t shall only use service couplers designed to SAE J2888 specifications and shall be marked R-1234yf as required in SAE J2888. 5.1.4 Ventilation of Equipment Enclosure 5.1.4.1 Equipment shall be constructed with at least six air exchanges per hour to prevent build up of concentrations of vapor in the
39、 enclosure or cabinet. At power up the fan shall be operated long enough to perform one air change prior to any other operation and shall operate continuously while the equipment is powered and shall have a means to detect loss of ventilation airflow and shall lock out operation of the unit if flow
40、is not detected. The exception to this is that the fan may be momentarily shutoff for accurate scale reading, provided that the only component energized is the required control valve. To prevent build up of vapor within the cabinet the fan shall not be de-energized for more than 5 min while the reco
41、very machine is powered. Fan placement, shall direct flow out of the cabinet so it is not pressurized. At least two intake grills each of sufficient area to maintain six air changes per hour flow shall be located on different surfaces and shall be located to maximize cross flow within the cabinet. 5
42、.2 The equipment shall comply with applicable federal, state, and local requirements on equipment related to handling R-1234yf material. Safety precautions or notices related to recommended operation of the equipment shall be prominently displayed on the equipment and shall also state “CAUTION - SHA
43、LL BE OPERATED BY QUALIFIED PERSONNEL.“ 5.3 Under NO CIRCUMSTANCES shall any equipment be pressure tested or leak tested with air/ or air/R-1234yf mixtures. Do not use compressed air (shop air) for leak detection in systems containing R-1234yf. 6. OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 6.1 The equipment shall have
44、an integrated refrigerant identifier that complies with SAE J2927 or shall be capable of receiving input from a non-integrated, SAE J2912 compliant identifier, via an integrated USB port. 6.1.1 If not equipped with an integrated identifier, the equipments integrated USB port designated to interface
45、with the identifier shall comply with USB Communication Protocol: USB 2.0 or USB 3.0, CDC-ACM class (reference SAE J2912 appendix B). 6.1.2 The communication between the recovery machine and the SAE J2912 analyzer must be encrypted so as to avoid the use of non SAE J2912 certified devices to simulat
46、e the test results. The required encryption method is identified in SAE J2912. 6.1.3 The equipment shall be required to receive an acceptable reading from an integrated (SAE J2927 compliant) or a non-integrated (SAE J2912 compliant) refrigerant identifier before allowing recovery. SAE J2843 Revised
47、JAN2013 Page 6 of 21 6.2 If equipped with an independent refrigerant fill/source hose the equipment shall be required to receive an acceptable reading from an integrated (SAE J2927 compliant) or a non-integrated (SAE J2912 compliant) refrigerant identifier before allowing refrigerant to be transferr
48、ed from an external source. An acceptable reading is 98% +2%/-1% R1234yf.Unacceptable readings shall prevent (lock out) the machines ability to recover and/or transfer refrigerant until an acceptable identifier reading is received. 6.3 The equipment manufacturer shall provide operating instructions,
49、 including instructions for proper attainment of vehicle system vacuum (i.e., when to stop the extraction process), and filter/desiccant replacement. Also to be included are any other necessary maintenance procedures, source information for replacement parts and, repair and safety precautions. 6.3.1 The manual shall identify how to properly maintain hoses and seals to prevent contamination of refrigerant in the ta
