1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 45 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 Stomach UlcerStomach ulcers(溃疡) are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer
2、 from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue (生物组织) in the stomach,
3、the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines (肠). Fluids (液体)in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach. This pain often is calle
4、d heart-burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs.Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered
5、 that most ulcers are caused by a bacterial (细菌的 ) organism (有机体) called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics(抗生素). Health experts say the discovery o
6、f a cure for ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulccrs will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa.Doctors say a person is more
7、 likely to get an ulcer if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amoun
8、t of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.1 Doctors have been able to reduce the pain caused by stomach ulcers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 Now doctors can successfully c
9、ure stomach ulcers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given4 People with ulcers usually feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach when they are eating.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 There has be
10、en a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 People who eat a lot of spicy food are also easy to have stomach ulcers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 H Pilorie bacteria cannot
11、be killed.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given9 If a persons family has had an ulcer, he is three times more likely to get ulcer than people without a family history of ulcers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given10 Tension in life can increase the likelihood of getting a stomach ulcer.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Give
12、n二、阅读选择10 TelevisionTelevisionthe most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growthis moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made
13、possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word “television“, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpreted as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics,
14、 television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cable. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set),can then be electronically reconstituted into that sa
15、me image.Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmis
16、sion. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which provides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Tradition
17、ally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exists today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CB
18、S, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as th
19、e passive viewer. 11 What is the literal meaning of the word “television“?（A）Medium of the masses.（B） Sight from a distance.（C） Airwave transmission.（D）Vehicle for communication.12 What field of television is intended for specific groups?（A）Broad-based.（B） Reconstituted.（C） Traditional.（D）Non-broadc
20、ast. 13 According to the passage, how many major networks are there?（A）Two.（B） Three.（C） Four.（D）Five.14 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electronics in television transmissions?（A）The conversion of an image into electronic impulses.（B） The sending of impulses
21、through a wire cable.（C） The changing of one image into another image.（D）The feeding of impulses into a receiver.15 Which of the following statements about the relationship between television and its viewers can best be inferred from the passage?（A）Viewers do not take an active role in watching tele
22、vision.（B） Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.（C） Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.（D）Viewers have grown tired of television.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Volts From the Sky Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning a
23、s enormous electrical discharge more than 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom
24、becomes negatively charged. In most instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of elec
25、trons begins between the cloud and earth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first v
26、ariety, intra-cloud lightning, is the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cl
27、oud so it looks like a white sheet, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightn
28、ing, the rarest and most mysterious form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as hi
29、gh as 50,000 F within thousandths of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder.About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any tie, generating about 100 lighting strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightn
30、ing strikes are estimated at 20 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a l-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually.
31、A. Lightening Causes Puzzles to PeopleB. Types of LightningC. Causes of LightningD. Differences Between Thunder and ThunderstormE. Frequencies of Thunderstorms Occurring in the World and the U. S.F. Shock Waves as Thunder16 Paragraph 17 Paragraph 18 Paragraph 19 Paragraph 20 Paragraph 20 A. occurs m
32、ost infrequentlyB. is shifted sideways by strong windsC. strike twice or more in the same spotD. is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightningE. is estimated at 20 million a yearF. is positively charged21 In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_.22 One form
33、of lightning that _is ball lightning.23 Cloud lightning looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel_.24 Although not fully understanding processes of lightning, man_.25 Lightening can_.四、填句补文25 Life Can Be Happy and MeaningfulNot long ago, a poll was conducted among students in a middle school. Th
34、ey were asked to make a choice between these two sentences“No one can be happy “and “One can be happy“. Shockingly enough, about 60 percent of the students agreed to the first statement. But to live on, wed better say to ourselves that there is happiness in life.【T1】_ The more I think, the more I am
35、 convinced that if we have a right attitude towards life, our lives can surely be happy and meaningful.It is true that all people have some bitter experiences.【T2】_ Many people admire Madam Curie, and say with a sigh, “If I could live like her, I would be the happiest person in the world.“ But if we
36、 take a close look at her life, we will find her happiness is closely connected with her misfortunes. First of all, she did not have a happy childhood.【T3】_ In her research work, she had to sit up late night after night. She experienced many losses, tooshe lost her beloved father, her dear husband,
37、and later her eyesight. But she never complained and never stopped working for the benefit of mankind. That is why her life was happy and meaningful.【T4】_Some people complain that their work is insignificant and thus their lives are meaningless. But what kind of work is significant? Worker, peasants
38、, teachers, and scientists, they are all working for the welfare of mankind, themselves included. That is where the meaning of life lies.【T5】_ Once a friend of mine told me he felt very wretched for having to work as a teacher. “ Our lives can be compared to candles. While giving light to others, we
39、 ourselves are burning out. Our students may become famous one day, but what will become of us? We shall only remain what we arefameless and wealthless. “ Paradoxically, I would rather think he was giving a vivid description of the nobleness of a teacher. Different people may think of life different
40、ly. But of one thing I am certain: happiness never favors those who merely care about themselves, and the meaning of life cannot be understood by those who refuse to sacrifice anything for others.A. But some people seem to think little of such a life.B. She awoke to the realities of life.C. When she
41、 was in France, she studied twice as hard as others but lived a poor and simple life.D. She fought against life s bitterness and difficulties and conquered them all.E. I have been thinking of this question ever since.F. But it is through overcoming hardships that our happiness emerges.26 【T1】27 【T2】
42、28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Immigration and ProblemsHundreds of thousands of people supporting immigration rights in the US filled streets all over America in early 2006. Many held signs and American flags and asked to be【B1】_ as citizens rather than criminals. Senator John McCain held the opinion
43、 that the country should open a【B2】_ to citizenship to immigrants (移民) who were already in the country illegally, while other politicians【B3】_ for stricter measuresincluding rounding up undocumented immigrants and sending them back to their home countries.Canadian officials say that immigration appl
44、ications continue to rise. Some want to keep the doors【B4 】_ They need the labor. About 400,000 immigrants were allowed into the country in 2005, according to the Canadian Government statistics.【B5】_,all this growth means that cities need to adapt. New comers dont always make a smooth transition int
45、o jobs for which they are skilled. So industries are using mentoring (辅导) programs to help new【B6】_ find proper jobs.With the large numbers of undocumented African immigrants arriving in the Canary Islands, the Spanish Government has decided to get【B7】_ There will be no more mass amnesties (特赦) for
46、the illegal immigrants, and anyone coming to Spain without【B8 】_ will be sent back.Frances new immigration and integration law gives the government new powers to encourage high-skilled migration. It takes【B9】_ in 2007. The new law authorizes the government to help these identified employers find imm
47、igrant workers with needed skills or qualifications. The selected foreign employees will be granted “skills and talents“ visas (签证). But some people show the concern that itll cause brain drain in【B10】_ countries.A. immigrantsB. HoweverC. developmentD. pathE. openF. toughG. effect H. ThereforeI. dev
48、elopedJ. permissionK. treatedL. called31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered【C1】_ (usual) not to use one. They find that th
49、e phones are more than a means of【C2】_ (communicate) having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and【C3】_ (connect).The【C4 】_ (explode) around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are【C5】_ (concern) that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried ab
