1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 37 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 The Inventor of LEDWhen Nick Holonyak set out to create a new kind of visible lighting using semiconductor(半导体) alloys (合金), his colleagues thought he was unrealistic. Today, his discovery of light-emitting diodes, or LEDs, is used in everything from DVDs to alarm clocks
2、 to airports. Dozens of his students have continued his work, developing lighting used in traffic lights and other everyday technology. On April 23, 2004, Holonyak received the $ 500,000 Lemelson-MIT Prize at a ceremony in Washington. This marks the 10th year that the Lemelson-MIT Program at the Mas
3、sachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) has given the award to prominent inventors.“Anytime you get an award, big or little, its always a surprise,“ Holonyak said.Holonyak,75 ,was a student of John Bardeen, an inventor of the transistor(晶体管) in the early 1950s. After graduate school, Holonyak worke
4、d at Bell Labs. He later went to General Electric, where he invented a switch now widely used in house dimmer switches. Later, Holonyak started looking into how semiconductors could be used to generate light. But while his colleagues were looking into how to generate invisible light, he wanted to ge
5、nerate visible light. The LEDs he invented in 1962 now last about 10 times longer than incandescent bulbs, and are more environmentally friendly and cost effective.Holonyak, now a professor of electrical and computer engineering and physics at the University of Illinois, said he suspected that LEDs
6、would become as commonplace(平凡的) as they are today, but didnt realize how many uses they would have.“You dont know in the beginning. You think you re doing something important, you think its worth doing, but you really cant tell what the big payoff(成果) is going to be, and when, and how. You just don
7、t know,“ he said.The Lemelson-MIT Program also recognized Edith Flanigen,75,with the $100,000 Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award for the work on a new generation of “ molecular (分子) sieves (滤网)“ that can separate molecules by size.1 Holonyaks colleagues thought he would fail in his research on
8、LEDs at the time when he started it.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 Holonyak believed that his students that were working with him on the project would get the Lemelson MIT Prize sooner or later.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 Holonyak was the inventor of the transistor in the early 1950s.（A）True（B） F
9、alse（C） Not Given4 LEDs used in traffic lights are developed by Holonyaks students.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 When Holonyak invented LEDs, he believed that they would have a wide range of uses.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 Holonyak said that you should not do anything you are not interested in.
10、（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 LEDs are more environmentally friendly than incandescent bulbs.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 Holonyak was surprised to receive the Lemelson-MIT Prize.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given9 Edith Flanigen was also awarded Lemelson-MIT Prize for his work on LEDs.（A）True（B） Fals
11、e（C） Not Given10 The Lemelson-MIT Prize has a history of over 100 years.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 The Beginning of DramaThere are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the assumption that drama evolved from ritual. Th
12、e argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings viewed the natural forces of the worldeven the seasonal changesas unpredictable, and they sought through various means to control these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to bring the desired results were
13、then retained and repeated until they hardened into fixed rituals. Eventually stories arose which explained or veiled the mysteries of the rites. As time passed some rituals were abandoned, but the stories, later called myths, persisted and provided material for art and drama.Those who believe that
14、drama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rites contained the seed of theater because music, dance, masks, and costumes were almost always used. Furthermore, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and when the entire community did not participate, a clear division was usually ma
15、de between the “acting area“ and the “auditorium“. In addition, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the enactment of rites, religious leaders usually assumed that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often impersonated other people, animal
16、s, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effectsuccess in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the sunas an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representations were separated from religious activities.Another theory traces the theaters origin from the human interest in storytell
17、ing. According to this view tales (about the hunt, war, or other feats) are gradually elaborated, at first through the use of impersonation, action, and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those
18、 dances that are primarily rhythmical and gymnastic or that are imitations of animal movements and sounds.11 What does the passage mainly discuss?（A）The origins of theater.（B） The role of ritual in modern dance.（C） The importance of storytelling.（D）The variety of early religious activities.12 What a
19、spect of drama does the author discuss in the first paragraph?（A）The reason drama is often unpredictable.（B） The seasons in which dramas were performed.（C） The connection between myths and dramatic plots.（D）The importance of costumes in early drama.13 Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a com
20、mon element of theater and ritual?（A）Dance.（B） Costumes.（C） Music.（D）Magic.14 According to the passage, what is the main difference between ritual and drama?（A）Ritual uses music whereas drama does not.（B） Ritual is shorter than drama.（C） Ritual requires fewer performers than drama.（D）Ritual has a re
21、ligious purpose and drama does not. 15 The passage supports which of the following statements?（A）No one really knows how the theater began.（B） Myths are no longer represented dramatically.（C） Storytelling is an important part of dance.（D）Dramatic activities require the use of costumes.三、概括段落大意和补全句子1
22、5 Digital Video Express1 A pay-for-play system for video DVD will emerge by summer as an alternative, and possibly a competitor, to the DVD format currently available.2 The new system, called Digital Video Express(Divx) ,operates like a DVD player, except for the specially coded discs. These will co
23、st $5 for initial viewing over a 48-hour period and can be viewed again for additional fees and even purchased for unlimited viewing.3 Divx combines the service of a video rental (出租的) store with the operation of a pay-per-view channel. Unlike a rented videotape, though, the Divx disc neednt be retu
24、rned. Customers can retain the disc for replay in the future at an additional fee, or simply throw it away.4 Subsequent plays, or the purchase of unlimited-viewing rights, are billed to the customers Divx account and charged to a credit card. The player s built-in memory keeps track of all Divx play
25、s, and sends this information by toll-free phone modem(调制解调器)to the Divx record-keeping centre. Each Divx disc and player has a unique identification code, so the system knows which discs have been played and where.5 Some Divx discs could be converted for unlimited play at a price likely to be lower
26、 than buying a conventional DVD. Others, called Divx Gold, would be sold from the beginning for unlimited play without further charge. Although conventional DVDs will run in a Divx player, conventional DVD players will lack the decoding (解码) and communications ability to play Divx discs. Divx player
27、s will be offered by Panasonic, RCA, and Zenith.A. Booming Business of Circuit CityB. Possible Appearance of a SystemC. The New System Called DivxD. Unlimited Play of Divx DiscsE. Disc-play Tracking and Billing SystemsF. Two Functions Combined16 Paragraph 117 Paragraph 218 Paragraph 319 Paragraph 42
28、0 Paragraph 520 A. will not be taken back by the shopB. is specially codedC. offer this Divx systemD. is likely to be cheaper than the conventional DVD discE. has been played and whereF. is owned by retailer Circuit City21 The Divx disc is different from the rented videotape in that once offered, th
29、e Divx disc_.22 Every Divx disc has a special code so that the rental shop can identify which disc_.23 If converted for unlimited use, the Divx disc_.24 The conventional DVD player cannot play any Divx disc because the disc_25 Panasonic, RCA, and Zenith will_.四、填句补文25 The Olympic GamesThe Olympic Ga
30、mes are an international sports competition, which are held every four years in a different city.【T1】_Over 1 billion people watch the games on TV.The first Olympic Games were held in Greece in 776 B. C. They were called the ancient games and lasted until the 4th century A. D.【 T2】_It was when the Fr
31、enchman Pierre de Coubertin revived the games to bring peace and friendship to the young people all over the world.Today, there are summer and winter games. Up to 1994 both games were held in the same year, but now they are staged two years apart from each other.The Summer Games are held during the
32、summer season of the host country. They last for 16 days. Today, there are more than 270 events during the games. Over 15,000 athletes from 190 nations take part.The first separate Winter Games were held in Chamonix, France in 1924. They usually take place in February. Today, the Winter Olympics inc
33、lude over 60 events. Athletes from more than 60 countries participate.The International Olympic Committee or IOC is the organization that governs the games.【T3】_The IOC also selects the host city for the summer and winter games, at least seven years before they take place. Cities that want the games
34、 must show that:They have enough stadiums for all events.【T4】_They can provide safety for the athletes.They can transport athletes and spectators from one event to another.Host cities must build an Olympic village where all athletes live during the games.The Olympic Games today have become very succ
35、essful over the past years.【T5 】 _And television stations are spending more money for the rights to broadcast the games. The IOC earns more money than ever before. With this money they help athletes in poorer countries.A. It decides which sports and events are held at the games.B. The modern games b
36、egan in 1896.C. Thousands of athletes from all over the world compete against each other.D. Winter sports abound in Canada, where the winter Olympics will be held in 2014.E. More and more people are able to watch them on TV.F. They have enough room for all the athletes.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30
37、 【T5】五、填词补文30 Women and SportsNowadays, women in the United States and many other countries participate in a growing number of sports and games, which is a symbol of social progress, of course. This has not always been the case, however. In fact, women have not been as【B1】_ in sports as men for a lo
38、ng time. Only in recent years have women begun to【B2】_ up with men in this area. Until the 20th century, women did not often participate in sports.Part of the explanation for this is that women simply did not have time. Many women cooked, cleaned, and took care of children. They were so busy that th
39、ey did not have time for sports. A second reason, especially in the late nineteenth century, is a woman s【B3】_ at that time was one of illness and【B4】_ It was unladylike for a woman to get【B5】_ in any sports activity.There have been changes in the【B6】_ of women in the modern world, and also changes
40、within the world of sports. These changes【B7】_ many more women to participate in sports. Women are no longer【B8】_ delicate. People do not think it is unladylike for a woman to compete in sports. On the contrary, women who win in sports activities are【B9】_ regarded.Many women now take part in sports
41、and games of many【B10】_ kinds, and enjoy doing so. This development is partly the result of a change in the image of women in the modern world.A. different B. catch C. allowedD. delicacy E. completely F. involvedG. highly H. image I. viewJ. considered K. active L. favorite31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34
42、【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 What do Shoes Can Do?Researchers say people can【C1】_(accurate) judge 90 percent of a stranger s personality by looking at the person s shoes. “ Shoes convey useful information about people,“ the authors wrote in the study【C2 】_(publish)
43、in a journal. “Shoes serve as【C3】_(verbal) cues with symbolic messages. “ Medical Daily notes that the number of【C4】_(detail) personality traits include someone s emotional【C5】_(stable). Gillath said the【C6 】_(judge) were based on the style, cost, color and condition of shoes. In the study, voluntee
44、rs were【C7】_(photograph) in their most commonly worn shoes, and then filled out a questionnaire. Some of the results were expected; People with higher incomes commonly wore expensive shoes, and flashier footwear was【C8】_(typical) worn by extroverts. However, some of the results are intriguing. For e
45、xample, practical shoes were generally worn by more “【C9】_(agree) “ people, while ankle boots were more closely aligned with “ aggressive“ personalities. The researchers noted that some people will choose shoe styles to mask their actual personality traits, but researchers noted that volunteers were
46、 likely to be【C10】_(aware) that their footwear choices were revealing deep insights into their personalities.41 【C1 】42 【C2 】43 【C3 】44 【C4 】45 【C5 】46 【C6 】47 【C7 】48 【C8 】49 【C9 】50 【C10 】七、短文写作51 请根据所提供材料中的要求撰写一篇 150 词左右的英语短文。You want to sell some of your furnitureYou think a friend of yours migh
47、t like to buy it from youWrite a letter to your friendIn your letter，1)explain why you are selling your furniture；2)describe the furniture；3)suggest a date when your friend can come and see the furnitureYou do not need to write the addressBegin your letter as follows：Dear自考英语（二）模拟试卷 37 答案与解析一、阅读判断1
48、【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据是原文第一段第二行“his colleagues thought he was unrealistic”，其中 unrealistic 的意思是“不现实的”。2 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 原文无此信息。3 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据原文第四段第一句话可看出晶体管的发明人(inventor of the transistor)是 John Bardeen，不是 Holonyak。Holonyak 是 John Bardeen 的一个学生。因此该句说法不正确。4 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据原文第一段最后一句话可以看出，他的学生继续他的工作，开发
49、了该技术在交通信号灯上的应用(developing lighting used in traffic lights)，因此该句说法正确。5 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据原文第五段和第六段的内容可以看出，Holonyak 当时猜测到他所发明的 LED 会变得像如今这样普及 (commonplace)，但没想到会有现在这么多的用途(but didnt realize how many uses they would have)。而题干认为他当时相信会有广泛用途(a wide range of uses)，与原文不符。6 【正确答案】 C【试题解析】 原文无此信息。7 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据第四段最后一句话可知，LED 灯比白炽灯泡更环保，因此该句的说法正确。8 【正确答案】 A【试题解析】 根据第三段 Holonyak 说的话，判断该句的说法正确。9 【正确答案】 B【试题解析】 根据
