1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 33 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 The Workers Role in ManagementTraditionally, it has been the workers role to work and managements role to manage. Managers have planned and directed the firm s operations with little thought to consulting (咨询) the labor force. Managers have rarely felt compelled (被迫) to
2、obtain the workers opinions or to explain their decisions to their employees. At most, companies have provided “suggestion boxes“ in which workers could place ideas for improving procedures. In recent years, however, many management specialists have been arguing that workers are more than sellers of
3、 laborthey play a vital role in the company and may be able to make significant contributions to its management. Furthermore, major company decisions greatly affect workers and their dependents. This is particularly true of plant closings, which may put thousands on the unemployment lines. Should wo
4、rkers play a stronger role in management?Workers should have a role in management. At the very least the labor force should be informed of major policy decisions. A common complaint among rank-and-file workers(普通工人) is the lack of information about company policies and actions. Between 1980 and 1985
5、 about five million workers were the victims (受害者) of plant closings and permanent layoffs (解雇) , often with no warning. At least 90 days notice ought to be given in such instances so that workers have time to adjust. Management should consult workers before closing a plant because the workers might
6、 be able to suggest ways of improving productivity and reducing costs and might be willing to make concessions (让步) that will help keep the plant operating.It should become a general practice to include workers in some managerial (管理的) decision making. There ought to be representatives (代表) of the w
7、orkers on the firm s board of directors or other major policy-making groups. If rank-and-file workers are given a voice in the planning and management of the work flow, they will help to make improvements, their morale(土气) will rise, and their productivity will increase. As a further incentive(激励) t
8、hey must be given a share in the companys profits. This can be done through employee stock-ownership plans, bonuses (奖金) , or rewards for efficiency and productivity. Finally, when a plant can no longer operate at a profit, the workers should be given the opportunity to purchase (购买) the plant and r
9、un it themselves.1 Traditional workers showed no interest in management.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 “Suggestion box“ is one of the many ways for workers to engage in management.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 Since policy decisions are business secrets of a firm, workers should not be informed of
10、them.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given4 Before closing, a plant should put up a notice and keep it for 90 days.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 Companies should tell their major policy decisions to the workers.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 The workers participation(参与) in management might save a plant fr
11、om closing down.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 Board of directors is the major policymaking group in many companies.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 One of the advantages of involving workers in making a decision is that the interpersonal relationship between workers and managers can be improved.（A）Tr
12、ue（B） False（C） Not Given9 An efficient and productive worker should be rewarded with anything but shares in the companys profits.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given10 Workers should be allowed to buy the plant if it cannot make a profit anymore.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 The Language of MusicA
13、painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as a
14、rduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate with
15、out controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right armtwo entirely different movements.Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this par
16、ticular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuners responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion (撞击、碰撞) and each overlapping tone has t
17、o sound clear.This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors; they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical (狂热的 ) but selfless authority.Technique is of no use unless it is
18、combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.11 Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?（A）It is easier to study medicine than musi
19、c.（B） Painters and composers use totally different methods to reach the public.（C） All musicians must know how to time their own instruments.（D）Musicians must acquire technique and understanding to perform well.12 According to the passage, performers could best meet their obligation to composers by
20、doing which of the following?（A）Taking courses in art appreciation.（B） Knowing how the music was intended to be performed.（C） Studying works written at different periods in history.（D）Rearranging musical scores for their particular instrument.13 Why does the author mention athletes and ballet dancer
21、s?（A）To contrast the requirements of each field of study.（B） To discourage music students from continuing their studies.（C） To motivate students to work harder to achieve their goals.（D）To show that music students must develop great physical coordination.14 According to the passage, the advantage th
22、at pianists have over other instrumentalists is that they do NOT_.（A）tune their own instruments.（B） practice as often.（C） use their muscles.（D）aim for clarity of sound.15 Whats the passage most likely to discuss in detail in the following paragraphs?（A）How to grasp the technique of performing.（B） Ho
23、w to acquire the understanding of music.（C） How to educate first-class performers.（D）How to write successful compositions.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 Volts From the Sky1 Lightning has caused awe and wonder since old times. Although Benjamin Franklin demonstrated lightning as enormous electrical discharge more t
24、han 200 years ago, many puzzles still surround this powerful phenomenon.2 Lightning is generated when electrical charges separate in rain clouds, though processes are still not fully understood. Typically, positive charges build at the cloud top, while the bottom becomes negatively charged. In most
25、instances of cloud-to-ground lightning, the negatively charged lower portion of the cloud repels negatively charged particles on the grounds surfaces, making it become positively charged. The positive charge on the ground gathers at elevated points. A flow of electrons begins between the cloud and e
26、arth. When the voltage charge becomes large enough, it breaks through the insulating barrier of air, and electrons zigzag earthward. We see the discharge as lightning.3 Lightning can occur within a cloud, between clouds, or between clouds and the ground. The first variety, intra-cloud lightning, is
27、the most frequent but is often hidden from our view. Cloud-to-ground lightning, making up about 20 percent of lightning discharges, is what we usually see. Lightning comes in several forms, including sheet, ribbon, and ball. Intra-cloud lightning can illuminate a cloud so it looks like a white sheet
28、, hence its name. When cloud-to-ground lightning occurs during strong winds, they can shift the lightning channel sideways, so it looks like a ribbon. The average lightning strike is more than 3 miles long and can travel at a tenth of the speed of light. Ball lightning, the rarest and most mysteriou
29、s form, derives its name from the small luminous ball that appears near the impact point, moves horizontally, and lasts for several seconds.4 Thunder is generated by the tremendous heat released in a lightning discharge. Temperatures near the discharge can reach as high as 50,000 F within thousandth
30、s of a second. This sudden heating acts as an explosion, generating shock waves we hear as thunder.5 About 2,000 thunderstorms are occurring in the world at any tie, generating about 100 lighting strikes every second, or 8 million daily. Within the United States, lightning strikes are estimated at 2
31、0 million a year, or about 22,000 per day. You have a l-in-600,000 chance of being struck by lightning during your lifetime. Lightning can strike twice or more in the same spot. The Empire State Building in New York is struck by lightning about two dozen times annually.A. Lightening Causes Puzzles t
32、o PeopleB. Types of LightningC. Causes of LightningD. Differences Between Thunder and ThunderstormE. Frequencies of Thunderstorms Occurring in the World and the U. S.F. Shock Waves as Thunder16 Paragraph 117 Paragraph 218 Paragraph 319 Paragraph 420 Paragraph 520 A. occurs most infrequentlyB. is shi
33、fted sideways by strong windsC. strike twice or more in the same spotD. is equipped with a good knowledge of various forms of lightningE. is estimated at 20 million a yearF. is positively charged21 In most cases of cloud-to-ground lightning, the grounds surface_.22 One form of lightning that_is ball
34、 lightning.23 Cloud lightning looks like a ribbon when its lighting channel_.24 Although not fully understanding processes of lightning, man_.25 Lightening can_.四、填句补文25 Life Can Be Happy and MeaningfulNot long ago, a poll was conducted among students in a middle school. They were asked to make a ch
35、oice between these two sentences“No one can be happy“ and “One can be happy“. Shockingly enough, about 60 percent of the students agreed to the first statement. But to live on, wed better say to ourselves that there is happiness in life.【T1】_The more I think, the more I am convinced that if we have
36、a right attitude towards life, our lives can surely be happy and meaningful.It is true that all people have some bitter experiences.【T2】_Many people admire Madam Curie, and say with a sigh, “If I could live like her, I would be the happiest person in the world.“ But if we take a close look at her li
37、fe, we will find her happiness is closely connected with her misfortunes. First of all, she did not have a happy childhood.【T3】_In her research work, she had to sit up late night after night. She experienced many losses, tooshe lost her beloved father, her dear husband, and later her eyesight. But s
38、he never complained and never stopped working for the benefit of mankind. That is why her life was happy and meaningful.【T4 】_Some people complain that their work is insignificant and thus their lives are meaningless. But what kind of work is significant? Worker, peasants, teachers, and scientists,
39、they are all working for the welfare of mankind, themselves included. That is where the meaning of life lies.【T5】_Once a friend of mine told me he felt very wretched for having to work as a teacher. “Our lives can be compared to candles. While giving light lo others, we ourselves are burning out. Ou
40、r students may become famous one day, but what will become of us? We shall only remain what we arefameless and wealthless. “Paradoxically, I would rather think he was giving a vivid description of the nobleness of a teacher. Different people may think of life differently. But of one thing I am certa
41、in: happiness never favors those who merely care about themselves, and the meaning of life cannot be understood by those who refuse to sacrifice anything for others.A. But some people seem to think little of such a life.B. She awoke to the realities of life.C. When she was in France, she studied twi
42、ce as hard as others but lived a poor and simple life.D. She fought against lifes bitterness and difficulties and conquered them all.E. I have been thinking of this question ever since.F. But it is through overcoming hardships that our happiness emerges.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 Sa
43、ving MoneyWhere you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a dictionary or to go to a concert, then you probably keep your money【B1】_ in your room.If you are【B2】_ for a big purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip, where would you save your money?One
44、 place to save money is the bank. Putting your money in a savings account will help your money【B3】_ more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank (猪形储煤罐) ,one year later youll still have the【B4】_ amount of money you put in. If you put your money in a savings account, one year later, youll have m
45、ore money than you put in. Why?When you keep your money in a【B5】_ , your money earns interest.【B6】_ is the amount of money a bank pays you to use your money. The bank uses your money (and the money of other people, too) to loan money to people and businesses.Another way you can save money is to buy
46、a certificate of deposit or CD. If you have some money that you don t need to use for a【B7】_ time, this is a good way to make your money【B8 】_Since the bank is using your money for that time period, it will【B9】_ you interest. You will earn more interest with a CD than in a savings account. Can you g
47、uess why? Its because you promise to leave your money in the bank for a certain period of time. Banks pay【B10】_ rates of interest.A. long B. same C. bankD. earn E. pay F. growG. inside H. different I. interestJ. somewhere K. saving L. raise31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【
48、B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Online DatingOnline dating is a dating system which allows people to make contact and communicate with each other over the Internet, usually with the object of developing a【C1】_(romance) relationship. Online dating services usually provide matchmaking over the Internet
49、through the use of personal computers or cell phones.Online dating sites generally requires【C2】_(apply) to provide personal information before they can search the database for other individuals using criteria they set, such as age, gender, race, religion and【C3 】_(locate) . Most sites allow members to upload photos of themselves and browse those of others. Sites may offer【C4】_(addition) services, such as online chatting, telephone
