1、自考英语（二）模拟试卷 32 及答案与解析一、阅读判断0 American SportsThe United States is a sports-loving nation. Sports in America take a variety of forms; organized competitive struggles, which draw huge crowds to cheer their favorite team to victory; athletic games, played for recreation anywhere sufficient space is foun
2、d; and hunting and fishing. Most sports are seasonal, so that what is happening in sports depends upon the time of year. Some sports are called spectator sports, as the number of spectators really exceeds the number playing in the game.Baseball is the most popular sport in the US. It is played throu
3、ghout the spring and summer, and professional baseball teams play well into the fall. Although no other game is exactly like baseball, perhaps the one most nearly like it is the English game of cricket (板球).Football is the most popular sport in the fall. The game originated as a college sport more t
4、han 75 years ago. It is still played by almost every college and university in the country, and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities seat as many as 80,000 people. The game is not the same as European football or soccer. In American football there are 11 players on each team, an
5、d they are dressed in padded uniforms and helmets because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.Basketball is the winter port in American schools and colleges. Like football basketball originated in the US and is not popular in other countries. Many Americans prefer it to football becau
6、se it is played indoors throughout the winter and because it is a faster game. It is a very popular game with high schools, and in more than 20 states, state-wide high school matches are held yearly.Other spectator sports include wrestling, boxing, and horse racing. Although horse-racing fans call t
7、hemselves sportsmen, the accuracy of the term is questionable, as only the jockeys (骑师) who ride the horses in the races can be considered athletes. The so-called sportsmen are the spectators, who do not “assemble“ (聚集)primarily to see the horses race, but to bet upon the outcome of each race. Gambl
8、ing is the attraction of horse racing.1 Hunting and fishing are mainly favored by men, young and old, in the US.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given2 The professional baseball teams play baseball from spring to fall.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given3 Baseball shares many features with the English game of crick
9、et.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given4 Football can be classified as a spectator sport.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given5 Many Americans like basketball better than football because the latter is so harsh that players have to wear special uniforms.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given6 Nation-wide university basketb
10、all matches are held yearly in the US.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given7 Horse-racing fans cannot be considered sportsmen because they are spectators whose primary interest is gambling.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given8 Most sports are played in all seasons.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given9 Boxing is a spectat
11、or sport.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given10 Football is the most popular sport in the US.（A）True（B） False（C） Not Given二、阅读选择10 TelevisionTelevisionthe most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growthis moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication
12、and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world. It is an electronic revolution of sorts, made possible by the marriage of television and computer technologies.The word “television“, derived from its Greek (tele: distant) and Latin (vision: sight) roots, can literally be interpret
13、ed as sight from a distance. Very simply put, it works in this way: through a sophisticated system of electronics, television provides the capability of converting an image (focused on a special photoconductive plate within a camera) into electronic impulses, which can be sent through a wire or cabl
14、e. These impulses, when fed into a receiver (television set) ,can then be electronically reconstituted into that same image.Television is more than just an electronic system, however. It is a means of expression, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reachin
15、g other human beings.The field of television can be divided into two categories determined by its means of transmission. First, there is broadcast television, which reaches the masses through broad-based airwave transmission of television signals. Second, there is non-broadcast television, which pro
16、vides for the needs of individuals or specific interest groups through controlled transmission techniques.Traditionally, television has been a medium of the masses. We are most familiar with broadcast television because it has been with us for about thirty-seven years in a form similar to what exist
17、s today. During those years, it has been controlled, for the most part, by the broadcast networks, ABC, NBC, and CBS, who have been the major purveyors of news, information, and entertainment. These giants of broadcasting have actually shaped not only television but our perception of it as well. We
18、have come to look upon the picture tube as a source of entertainment, placing our role in this dynamic medium as the passive viewer. 11 What is the literal meaning of the word “television“?（A）Medium of the masses.（B） Sight from a distance.（C） Airwave transmission.（D）Vehicle for communication.12 What
19、 field of television is intended for specific groups?（A）Broad-based.（B） Reconstituted.（C） Traditional.（D）Non-broadcast.13 According to the passage, how many major networks are there?（A）Two.（B） Three.（C） Four.（D）Five.14 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a function of electroni
20、cs in television transmissions?（A）The conversion of an image into electronic impulses.（B） The sending of impulses through a wire cable.（C） The changing of one image into another image.（D）The feeding of impulses into a receiver.15 Which of the following statements about the relationship between telev
21、ision and its viewers can best be inferred from the passage?（A）Viewers do not take an active role in watching television.（B） Viewers would prefer increased news coverage.（C） Viewers like to use television to reach other human beings.（D）Viewers have grown tired of television.三、概括段落大意和补全句子15 The Weigh
22、t Experiment1 Nicola Waiters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a “calorimeter“ (热量测量室) is one way to find out.2 The signs above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One“ and “Chamber Two“. These are the calo
23、rimeters: 4 m by 2 m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads “Please do not enterwork in progress“ and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the las
24、t gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.3 Nicola Waiters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet
25、 might help with her training and fitness program. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.4 The ex
26、periment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 a. m. on each of the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her
27、every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis.5 The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The fi
28、rst time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,“ says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didnt go too fast.6 It seems that some foods encourage you to eat
29、 more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required a
30、nd Nicola has signed up for further sessions.A. What does the Calorimeter Look Like Inside?B. What Program Was Designed for the Experiment?C. What Is a Calorimeter?D. Try to Find out Why People Gain and Lose WeightE. How do the Volunteers Kill the Time?F. Why did Nicola Join in the Experiments?16 Pa
31、ragraph 117 Paragraph 218 Paragraph 319 Paragraph 420 Paragraph 520 A. the volunteers doB. to support their further sessions of experimentC. because the life there can be very boringD. make people overeatE. because she was her own bossF. after passing a high-protein test21 The machinery outside the
32、calorimeters records everything_.22 Nicola Waiters had time for the experiments_.23 Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter_.24 The experiments show that high-fat diets_.25 It seems Nicola will continue_.四、填句补文25 ElectionsSurprises often come in boxes, such as birthday presen
33、ts wrapped in colorful paper, brown paper packages mailed from a friend. No matter what kind of box it is, people like to open it up and see whats inside. In America, and in many other countries, one special kind of box contains the future. Its called a ballot box. What people put into the box on El
34、ection Day can change the course of history.Elections are the lifeblood of a democracy. The word democracy literally means “the people rule“.【T1】_In the mid-1700s, England began passing laws that made the American colonies angry. The colonists had to pay more and more taxes and enjoyed less and less
35、 freedom.【T2】_On July 4, 1776, the colonies declared their independence from England. They wanted to establish a democracy where people could have a voice in government.An effective democracy holds regular elections.【T3】_In these elections, all seats in the House of Representatives and one third of
36、the Senate seats are up for grabs. In addition, every four years, voters go to the polls to elect the nations president and vice-president. Voters also regularly cast their ballots for state and city government leaders and local school board members. Sometimes they also have to vote on a proposed la
37、w.In the American electoral system, people dont really vote for presidential candidates.【 T4】_Each state has as many electors as the total number of its representatives in Congress. This equals two senators per state plus the number of its representatives in the House (which is based on the states p
38、opulation). The candidate who has the most votes in a state wins all of the states electors. To win the presidential election, a candidate must gain at least 270 of the 538 total electoral votes.Over the years, the U. S. has made a number of election reforms. Some early reforms outlawed cheating, gi
39、ving bribes and threatening voters.【T5】_In November, Americans will again elect those who will represent them in government. Although some citizens arent even registered to voteand some registered voters dont bother to go to the pollsmost Americans exercise their right to vote. They realize that the
40、ir future is wrapped up in a special packagethe ballot box. Its a package that must definitely be “handled with care“.A. In 1971, the voting age was lowered to 18.B. They felt the government of England didnt represent their interests.C. Instead, voters cast their ballots for “electors“ who support e
41、ach candidate.D. In America, elections are held every two years for members of Congress.E. They also limited the amount of money candidates could receive from donors and spend on their campaigns.F. That is an important concept in American history.26 【T1】27 【T2】28 【T3】29 【T4】30 【T5】五、填词补文30 What Make
42、s a Soccer Player Great?Soccer is played by millions of people all over the world, but there have only been few players who were truly great. How did these【B1】_ get that waywas it through training and practice, or are great players born, not made?First, these players【B2】_ from places that have had f
43、amous stars in the pastplayers that a young boy can look up to and try to imitate. In the history of soccer, only six countries have ever【B3】_ the World Cupthree from South America and three from Western Europe. There has never been a great national teamor a really great playerfrom North America or
44、from Asia. Second, these players have all had years of【B4】_ in the game. Alfredo Di Stefano was the son of a soccer player, as was Pele. Most players begin playing the game at the【B5 】_ of three or four.【B6 】_ , many great players come from the same kind of neighborhooda poor, crowded area where a b
45、oys【B7】_ is not to be a doctor, lawyer, or businessman, but to become rich, famous athlete or entertainer. For example, Liverpool which produced the Beatles (甲壳虫乐队) , had one of the best English soccer teams in【B8 】_ years. Pele practiced in the street with a “ball“ made of rags (破布).All great playe
46、rs have a lot in【B9】_ , but that doesnt explain why they are great. Hundreds of boys played in those Brazilian streets, but only one became Pele. The greatest players are born with some【B10】_ quality that sets them apart from all the others.A. dream B. won C. practiceD. age E. came F. thereforeG. re
47、cent H. finally I. uniqueJ. players K. common L. got31 【B1 】32 【B2 】33 【B3 】34 【B4 】35 【B5 】36 【B6 】37 【B7 】38 【B8 】39 【B9 】40 【B10 】六、完形补文40 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered【C1】_(usual) not to use one. They
48、 find that the phones are more than a means of【C2】_(communicate)having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and【C3】_(connect).The【C4 】_(explode) around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are 【C5】_(concern) that in the future many people may suffer he
49、alth problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative【C6】_(public) of such ideas. They say that there is no【C7 】_(prove) that mobile phones are bad for your health.On the other hand, signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be【C8】_(detect) with modern scanning equipment. What is it that makes mobil
