1、全国自考（英语阅读一）模拟试卷 8 及答案与解析一、CAREFUL READING0 Some time ago I discovered that one of the chairs in my front hall had a broken leg. I didnt foresee any great difficulty in getting it mended, as there are a whole lot of antique shops in the Pimlico Road which is three minutes walk from my flat,so I set f
2、orth one morning carrying the chair with me, I went into the first shop confidently, expecting a friendly reception, with a kindly man saying, “What a charming chair, yes, that s quite a simple job, when would you want it back?“ I was quite wrong. The man I approached wouldnt look at it. I wasnt too
3、 concerned; after all, it was only the first try and there were many more shops on both sides of the road.The reaction at the second shop, though slightly politer, was just the same, and at the third and the fourth so I decided that my approach must be wrong.I entered the fifth shop with some confid
4、ence because I had concocted a plan. I placed the chair gently on the floor so as not to disturb the damaged leg and said, “Would you like to buy a chair?“ The rather fierce proprietor looked it over carefully and said, “Yes, not a bad little chair, how much do you want for it?“ “ 20,“ I said. “OK,“
5、he said, T 11 give you 20.“ “Its got a slightly broken leg,“ I said. “Yes, I saw that, its nothing, don t worry about it. “Everything was going according to plan and I was getting excited. “What will you do with it?“I asked. “Oh, it will be very saleable once the repair is done. I like the bit of ol
6、d green velvet on the top. I shall leave that, yes, very saleable. “ “Ill buy it,“ I said. “What do you mean? Youve just sold it to me,“ he said. “Yes; I know but Ive changed my mind; as a matter of fact it is just what Im looking for. Ive got a pair to it at home. Ill give you 27 quid for it. “ “Yo
7、u must be crazy,“ he said; then suddenly the penny dropped and he smiled and said, “I know what you want, you want me to mend your chair. “ “You re plumb right,“ I said.And what would you have done if I had walked in and said Would you mend this chair for me? “I wouldnt have done it,“ he said, “we d
8、ont do repairs, not enough money in it, but Ill mend this for you. Shall we say a fiver?“ He was a very nice man and thought the whole episode rather funny.1 How did the writer go to the antique shops? ( )（A）By bus.（B） On foot.（C） By car.（D）By like.2 The writer thought the first shop owner was_. ( )
9、（A）rude（B） kind（C） polite（D）friendly3 The writer entered the fifth shop with some confidence because he_ ( )（A）knew the owner of the shop（B） had expected the owner to be even politer（C） went to the other side of the street（D）had thought of a plan4 Which of the following is true? ( )（A）The writer had
10、 another chair like the broken one.（B） The writer had two more chairs like the broken one.（C） The writer was looking for another chair like the broken one.（D）The writer wanted to sell another chair like the broken one.5 The fifth owner agreed to repair the broken chair because _. ( )（A）the writer ha
11、d paid him the money（B） the writer had shown him the money（C） the writers approach had amused him（D）the writers chair was easy to repair5 Somebody ought to defend the workaholic. These people are unjustly accused, abused, and defamed,often termed sick or morbid (病态的 ).One third of American business
12、and commerce is carried on the shoulders of workaholics. The ratio might exist in art and science too. Workaholics are achievers. There is a national conspiracy against excellence undue admiration of commonness and mediocrity (平庸 ). It is as though we are against those who make uncommon sacrifices b
13、ecause they enjoy doing something.Some popular psychologists say that the workaholic has an inferiority complex which leads to overcompensation. This is certainly not the case. Inferiority, or low esteem, describes laziness more accurately than it describes dedication.We do not seem to realize that
14、very little excellence is achieved by living a well-balanced life. Edison, Ford, Einstein, Freud all had single-minded devotion to work whereby they sacrificed many things, including family and friendship. The accusation is made that workaholics bear guilt by not being good parents or spouses. But g
15、uilt can exist in the balanced life also. Consider how many “normal“ people find, at middle age, that they have never done anything well they are going to settle for less than what they could have become.6 From this passage we know that workaholic is a term referring to those_. ( )（A）who enjoy work
16、more than anything else（B） who make greater contributions than others（C） who make uncommon sacrifices in their personal life（D）all of the above7 The authors main concern in this passage is to_ ( )（A）point out the role the workaholic plays in the American economy（B） defend people who are addicted to
17、work（C） encourage us not to worry about our imperfection（D）consider the difficulties that confront us at middle age8 The author of the passage would most likely agree that the workaholic_ . ( )（A）is mentally ill（B） performs an insignificant proportion of American business（C） will not have the regret
18、s that many “normal“ people face at middle age（D）suffers from low self esteem9 According to this passage,_ . ( )（A）Preud led a well balanced life（B） generally speaking, workaholics can be helped（C） workaholics should be admired（D）so called “normal“ people are truly the sick people among us10 Accordi
19、ng to the author, one can hardly achieve excellence unless one_ . ( )（A）lives an abnormal life（B） sacrifices friendship and family（C） had total devotion to work（D）ignores popular opinions10 One of the qualities that most people admire in others is the willingness to admit ones mistakes. It is extrem
20、ely hard sometimes to say a simple thing like “I was wrong about that,“ and it is even harder to say,“I was wrong, and you were right about that. “I had an experience recently with someone admitting to me that he had made a mistake fifteen years ago. He told me he had been the manager of a certain g
21、rocery store in the neighborhood where I grew up, and he asked me if I remembered the egg cartons. Then he related an incident and I began to remember vaguely the incident he was describing.I was about eight years old at the time, and I had gone into the store with my mother to do the weekly grocery
22、 shopping. On that particular day, I must have found my way to the dairy food department where the incident took place. There must have been a special sale on eggs that day because there was an impressive display of eggs in dozen and half dozen cartons. The cartons were stacked three or four feet hi
23、gh. I must have stopped in front of a display to admire the stacks. Just then a woman came by pushing her grocery cart and knocked off the stacks of cartons. For some reason, I decided it was up to me to put the display back together, so I went to work.The manager heard the noise and came rushing ov
24、er to see what had happened. When he appeared, I was on my knees inspecting some of the cartons to see if any of the eggs were broken, but to him it looked as though I were the culprit. He severely reprimanded me and wanted me to pay for the broken eggs. I protested my innocence and tried to explain
25、, but it did no good. Even though I quickly forgot all about the incident, apparently the manager did not.11 How old was the author when he wrote this article? ( )（A）About 8.（B） About 15.（C） About 18.（D）About 23.12 The stacks of cartons were actually knocked off by_. ( )（A）the author（B） the manager（
26、C） a woman customer（D）the authors mother13 When the manager came, the author was_. ( )（A）inspecting the eggs（B） putting the cartons back（C） paying for the broken eggs（D）pushing the cart for the woman14 The word “culprit“(Para. 4)may be replaced by_ ( )（A）fool（B） clown（C） thief（D）wrongdoer15 The auth
27、ors attitude towards admitting ones mistakes is basically_ . ( )（A）ironic（B） critical（C） indifferent（D）appreciative15 Public relations is management function that creates, develops, and carries out policies and programs to influence public opinion or public reaction about an idea, a product, or an o
28、rganization. The field of public relations has become an important part of the economic,social and political pattern of life in many nations. That field includes advertising, promotional activities, and press contact. Public relations also exists at the same time in business with marketing and merch
29、andising to create the climate in which all selling functions occur.Public relations activities in the modern world help institutions to cope successfully with many problems, to build prestige for an individual or a group, to promote products, and to win elections. The majority of public relations w
30、orkers are staff employees working within a corporate or institutional framework. Others operate in public relations counseling firms.In industry, public relations personnel keep management informed of changes in the opinions of various publics (that is, the groups of people whose support is needed)
31、: employees, stockholders, customers, suppliers, dealers, the community, and government. These professionals counsel management as to the impact of any action or lack of action on the behavior of the target audiences. Once an organizational decision has been made, the public relations person has the
32、 task of communicating this information to the public using methods that promote understanding “consent“ and desired behavior. For example, a hospital merger, an industrial plant closing, or the introduction of a new product all require public relations planning and skill.Public relations activities
33、 are a major part of the political process in many nations. Politicians seeking office, government agencies seeking acceptance and cooperation, officials seeking support for their policies, and foreign governments seeking aid and allies abroad all make extensive use of counseling services provided b
34、y public relations specialists.Public relations also plays an important role in the entertainment industry. The theaters, motion pictures, sports, restaurants and individuals all use public relations services to increase their business or add to their image. Other public relations clients are educat
35、ional, social service, and charitable institutions, trade union, religious groups, and professional societies.The successful public relations practitioner is a specialist in communication arts and persuasion. Specialized skills are required to handle public opinion research, media relations, direct
36、mail activities, institutional advertising, publications, film and video production, and special events. Public relations services are so far virtually unused in many developing nations,but they are likely to be a future government concern.16 In the first paragraph, the author mainly tells us_ ( )（A
37、）the methods of public relations（B） the activities of public relations（C） the functions of public relations（D）the definition of public relations17 According to the passage, what would a public relations person probably do after a decision is made in industry? ( )（A）Give some suggestions to the decis
38、ion-maker.（B） Convey the information concerning the decision to the public.（C） Organize press conferences to publicize the decision.（D）Go about the introduction of a new product.18 All of the following are stated in the passage except that _. ( )（A）all functions are involved in the work of a public
39、relations practitioner（B） the public relations activities play a very important role in political life（C） the entertainment world attaches great importance to public relations activities（D）the field of public relations may cover promotional activities and press conference19 In which of the following
40、 paragraphs can we draw a conclusion that public relations services are only popular in advanced countries? ( )（A）Second.（B） Third.（C） Fourth.（D）Sixth.20 Based on the information from the passage, which of the following people do you think can benefit most from public relations services? ( )（A）Stock
41、holders and bankers.（B） Government officials at all levels.（C） Manufacturers of all kinds.（D）Scholars.二、SPEED READING20 Laura House remembers the day with embarrassment. “Mom and I were on our way home after dinner when we stopped at an intersection,“ she says. “When the light changed, the guy ahead
42、 of us was looking at a map of something and didnt move right away. I leaned on my horn and automatically yelled. I didnt even think about what I was doing. Moms jaw just dropped. She said, Well, I guess youve been living in the city too long. Thats when I realized that my anger was out of control.
43、“According to Carol Tavris , author of Anger: The Misunderstood Emotion, the keys to dealing with anger are common sense and patience. She points out that almost no situation is improved by an angry outburst. Shouting, fuming, or leaning on the car horn wont make traffic begin to flow, make the scre
44、en unlock or make keys appear. Patience, on the other hand, is a highly practical virtue. People who take the time to cool down before responding to an anger producing situation are far less likely to say or do something they will regret later.Anger management therapist Doris Wilde agrees. “ Like an
45、y feeling, anger lasts only about three seconds,“ she says. “What keeps it going is your own negative thinking. “ As long as you focus on the idiot who cut you off on the expressway, youll stay angry. But if you let the incident go, your anger will go with it. “Once you come to understand that youre
46、 driving your own anger with your thoughts,“ adds Wilde, “you can stop it. “Experts who have studied anger also encourage people to cultivate activities that effectively release their anger. For some people, its reading newspapers or watching TV, while others need more active outlets (发泄渠道), such as
47、 taking a walk, hitting golf balls, or working out with a punching bag. People who succeed in calming their anger also enjoy the satisfaction of having dealt positively with their frustrations.For Laura House, her experience in the car with her mother was a wake-up call. “Once 1 saw what I was doing
48、, it really wasnt that hard to develop different habits. I simply decided I was going to treat other people the way I would want to be treated. Im a calmer, happier person now,“ she reports.21 The writer begins the passage by_. ( )（A）giving an example（B） making a comparison（C） looking into causes（D）
49、quoting a famous person22 According to Carol Tavris, anger can be handled effectively _. ( )（A）by remaining silent（B） by listening to music（C） through games and exercises（D）through common sense and patience23 Doris Wilde believes that people stay angry_ . ( )（A）when traffic on the expressway is heavy（B） when anger-causing incidents are serious（C） because it takes time for them to calm down（D）because they fail to look at things positively24 The sentence “i
