1、医学博士外语模拟试卷 58 及答案与解析Section A（A）Cough or breath.（B） Take a walk.（C） Jump.（D）Spit.（A）His touch on the womans sprained ankle got her hurt.（B） He was not gentle enough to the woman.（C） He said something impolite to the woman.（D）He made a mistaken diagnosis.（A）ENT.（B） Ophthalmology.（C） Obstetrics.（D）Bra
2、in surgery.（A）She d rather not discuss her problems.（B） She has been healthy.（C） It s hard for her to explain her problems.（D）She s sorry she didn t come back sooner.（A）Her son s falling down when playing.（B） Her son s elbow may have been broken.（C） Her son may have a trouble with a stiff arm.（D）She
3、 didnt know what to do with her son s complaint.（A）History.（B） Geography.（C） Mathematics.（D）Art.（A）Logic.（B） Reasoning.（C） Deduction.（D）Analysis.（A）A group of pioneers survived their first year from severe winter.（B） A group of Native Americans survived their first year.（C） A group of settlers gave
4、thanks for God s generosity.（D）A group of Indians worshiped God in their own way.（A）Triumph.（B） Significant.（C） A sense of burning.（D）Pretty tired.（A）Talent and humor.（B） Energy and love.（C） Creative and courage.（D）Talent and humanity.（A）He wasn t sure he d enjoy it, but he found the music easy to e
5、njoy.（B） He wasnt sure he d like it, but the music made him dance.（C） The music was too terrible to bear.（D）He knew he d like the music and he did.（A）He thought it was very serious.（B） He didn t think it was that serious.（C） He thinks it is worth getting a second opinion.（D）He is not surprised, sinc
6、e he thought it was quite bad.（A）He didnt want the woman to have a lot of pain.（B） He admits he doesnt look good on that day.（C） He doesn t want the woman to catch him.（D）He doesn t want the woman to contract the disease.（A）The afternoon will be less crowded.（B） The doctors are not well trained.（C）
7、Its a busy year for the clinic.（D）A lot of people are sick during this season.（A）In a ward.（B） In an operating room.（C） In an emergency room.（D）In an injection room.Section B（A）Because he had felt severe pain on both sides of the abdomen.（B） Because he could not stand the intolerable pain in the bac
8、k.（C） Because he had brought up what he had.（D）Because he has got diarrhea.（A）His time was fully occupied.（B） He had some urgent cases to deal with.（C） His boss asked him to do extra work.（D）Two tablets of analgesics killed his pain.（A）First in the right abdomen and then it went to the lower abdomen
9、.（B） First in the lower abdomen and then it shifted to the right lower abdomen.（C） First in the left abdomen and then it shifted to the right lower abdomen.（D）First in the upper abdomen and then it shifted to the right lower abdomen.（A）He has got acute appendicitis.（B） He has got acute diarrhea.（C）
10、He has a duodenal ulcer.（D）He has got an acute gastric ulcer.（A）He will go through the formalities of admittance to hospital.（B） He will go to the operating room.（C） He will go to the outpatient department.（D）He will go to the inpatient department.（A）Surgery can cure all back pains.（B） Back pain is
11、psychological.（C） Back pain has been getting better in America.（D）Sitting is easier on the back than standing.（A）More people spend more time in chairs.（B） The surgery does not fit the patients much.（C） The 180 shift in peoples attitude to back pain.（D）Bed-rest is too short.（A）No role.（B） A small rol
12、e.（C） A declining role.（D）A major role.（A）Beds are not good for backs.（B） Muscles strength declines.（C） No surgery is needed in most cases.（D）They need to do more walking.（A）How depression causes back pain.（B） How back pain causes depression.（C） The research on back pain.（D）The relationship between
13、depression and chronic back pain.（A）Professor Kaplan.（B） A university technician.（C） A lab instructor.（D）A specialist in the history of science.（A）At the beginning.（B） In the middle.（C） Near the end.（D）During the final exam.（A）To explain the purpose of the notebooks.（B） To stress the importance of s
14、afety procedures.（C） To tell them where to buy safety equipment.（D）To help them to understand their lab results.（A）Protective goggles.（B） Eye glasses.（C） Running shoes.（D）Long scarves.（A）To illustrate what a great scientist he was.（B） To explain why lab equipment must be cleaned carefully.（C） To emp
15、hasize the need for proper precautions.（D）To demonstrate how theoretical chemistry has advanced since his day.Section A31 The pharmaceutical company insisted that its testing of new drugs was quite_, more rigorous than the industry standard.（A）stringent（B） recessive（C） obtrusive（D）traumatic32 The si
16、nger s performance was so exciting that many of his fans were_enthusiasm.（A）carried away with（B） moved to（C） taken aback with（D）stirred up with33 The sugar dissolved in water gradually; finally all that remained was an almost_residue on the bottom of the glass.（A）fragrant（B） imperceptible（C） glassy（
17、D）opaque34 The judges published opinions, though sophisticated and subtle, were undeniably_: they left no doubt of her intention.（A）ambiguous（B） unequivocal（C） tenuous（D）representative35 While many consumer electronics are supplanted in a very short time by newer technologies, it will be many years
18、before the home computer becomes_.（A）obsolete（B） exceptional（C） disparaged（D）deplorable36 His ideas are invariably condemned as_by his colleagues.（A）imaginative（B） ingenious（C） impractical（D）theoretical37 The majority of nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are i
19、n a_.（A）minority（B） scarcity（C） rarity（D）minimum38 Professor Johnson s retirement_from next January.（A）carries into effect（B） takes effect（C） has effect（D）puts into effect39 Mr. Brown s condition looks very serious and it is doubtful if he will_.（A）pull back（B） pull up（C） pull through（D）pull out40 S
20、ince the early nineties, the trend in most businesses has been toward on-demand, always-available products and services that suit the customer s_rather than the company s.（A）benefit（B） availability（C） suitability（D）convenienceSection B41 Many of these writers used to study in writing clinics.（A）hosp
21、itals（B） circles（C） workshops（D）firms42 My brain may be old, but it is not addled.（A）confused（B） rotten（C） stupid（D）disorder43 I try to be broad-minded but do feel antipathy toward people who are dirty and untidy.（A）sympathy（B） dislike（C） antiquity（D）regard44 It was his firm conviction that every ef
22、fort should be made to preserve world peace.（A）doubt（B） belief（C） persuasion（D）enthusiasm45 The boy showed cleverness in making toys out of scraps of discarded wood.（A）ingenuity（B） generosity（C） frankness（D）skillful46 One of the many resulting effects of adrenalin on the body is the stimulation of t
23、he heart.（A）spurring（B） depressing（C） inhibiting（D）retarding47 Laboratory tests are positive for HIV and show a low lymphocyte count.（A）affirmative（B） approving（C） existent（D）undeniable48 Illness, injury, love, lost moments of true greatness and sheer stupidity-all occur to test the limits of your s
24、oul.（A）fine（B） sudden（C） finite（D）absolute49 Add 1ml solution C (Nesslers reagent) to the 25ml water sample. Then agitate the mixture for 20 seconds.（A）stir（B） tame（C） stamp（D）probed50 We believemistakenly, all too oftenthat the knowledge or insight we will gain from the past will give us what we ne
25、ed to change our behaviors, thoughts and feelings today.（A）induction（B） perception（C） interpretation（D）penetration一、Part Cloze50 America is changing its eating habits. Though medical evidence mounts that we are【 C1】_ what we eat, consuming a healthier diet has become almost a national passion in the
26、 United States.The food-for-fitness phenomenon began in the late 70s when a U. S. Senate committee leading【C2 】 _ the conclusion that six out of ten leading causes of death such as heart disease and cancer might【C3】_ diet. The government issued dietary guidelines【C4】_ Americans to eat a variety of f
27、ood, maintain proper weight, and limit intake of fat, salt, and sugar.For most Americans what to eat is a matter of personal choice,【C5】_ one of supply. An excellent nationwide food distribution system assures that fresh【C6 】_ is readily available in all parts of the country,【C7】_ the season. Taking
28、 advantage of this abundance, many people are forsaking traditional meat-and-potatoes fare【C8】_ lighter meals of salads, fruits, and vegetables.One of the most significant trends in the American way of eating is the healthful change in restaurant food. One of【C9】_ two meals in the United States is e
29、aten outside the home.Restaurants are making special efforts to provide low-fat, low-salt, and low-calorie items. Salad bars,【C10】 _ with fresh greens and raw fruits and vegetables, are found everywhere.51 【C1 】52 【C2 】53 【C3 】54 【C4 】55 【C5 】56 【C6 】57 【C7 】58 【C8 】59 【C9 】60 【C10 】二、Part Reading C
30、omprehension60 “The Heart of the Matter“, the just-released report by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (AAAS), deserves praise for affirming the importance of the humanities, and social sciences to the prosperity and security of liberal democracy in America. Regrettably, however, the report
31、s failure to address the true nature of the crisis facing liberal education may cause more harm than good.In 2010, leading congressional Democrats and Republicans sent letters to the AAAS asking that it identify actions that could be taken by “federal, state and local governments, universities, foun
32、dations, educators, individual benefactors and others“ to “maintain national excellence in humanities and social scientific scholarship and education. “ In response, the American Academy formed the Commission on the Humanities and Social Sciences. Among the commissions 51 members are top-tier-univer
33、sity presidents, scholars, lawyers, judges, and business executives, as well as prominent figures from diplomacy, filmmaking, music and journalism.The goals identified in the report are generally admirable. Because representative government presupposes an informed citizenry, the report supports full
34、 literacy; stresses the study of history and government, particularly American history and American government; and encourages the use of new digital technologies. To encourage innovation and competition, the report calls for increased investment in research, the crafting of coherent curricula that
35、improve students ability to solve problems and communicate effectively in the 21st century, increased funding for teachers and the encouragement of scholars to bring their learning to bear on the great challenges of the day. The report also advocates greater study of foreign languages, international
36、 affairs and the expansion of study abroad programs.Unfortunately, despite the report are general “The Heart of the Matter“ never gets to the heart of the matter: the illiberal nature of liberal education at our leading colleges and universities. The commission ignores that for several decades Ameri
37、cas colleges and universities have produced graduates who don t know the content and character of liberal education and are thus deprived of its benefits. Sadly, the spirit of inquiry once at home on campus has been replaced by the use of the humanities and social sciences as vehicles for publicizin
38、g “progressive“, or left-liberal propaganda.Today, professors routinely treat the progressive interpretation of history and progressive public policy as the proper subject of study while portraying conservative or classical liberal ideassuch as free markets and self-relianceas falling outside the bo
39、undaries of routine, and sometimes legitimate, intellectual investigation.The MAS displays great enthusiasm for liberal education. Yet its report may well set back reform by obscuring the depth and breadth of the challenge that Congress asked it to illuminate.61 According to Paragraph 1, what is the
40、 authors attitude toward the AAAS s report?（A）Critical.（B） Appreciative.（C） Contemptuous.（D）Tolerant.62 Influential figures in the Congress required that the AAAS report on how to_.（A）retain peoples interest in liberal education（B） define the government s role in education（C） keep a leading position
41、 in liberal education（D）safeguard individuals rights to education63 According to Paragraph 3, the report suggests_.（A）an exclusive study of American history（B） a greater emphasis on theoretical subjects（C） the application of emerging technologies（D）funding for the study of foreign languages64 The au
42、thor implies in Paragraph 5 that professors are_.（A）supportive of free markets（B） cautious about intellectual investigation（C） conservative about public policy（D）biased against classical liberal ideas65 Which of the following would be the best title for the text?（A）Ways to Grasp “The Heart of the Ma
43、tter“（B） Illiberal Education and “The Heart of the Matter“（C） The AAASs Contribution to Liberal Education（D）Progressive Policy vs. Liberal Education65 During the past 30 years or so, health care has increasingly become a form of business. In addition, the environment surrounding health care has been
44、 greatly altered by the advent of more sophisticated medical technologies and increased specialization. It is no longer true to say that doctors regard their profession as a sacred calling, and while the doctor-patient relationship still remains, it is not the relationship based solely on trust whic
45、h it used to be. Of course there are many doctors who have endeavored to increase the transparency of their behavior as medical professionals, and patients can receive effective treatment when such doctors work closely together and share notes.An example of such cooperation can be found in the field
46、 of remote health care, which has been introduced on an experimental basis in several regions. Since most medical specialists live in cities, patients who live in the country have to travel a long distance to consult a specialist. This is especially hard on the elderly, both financially and physical
47、ly. Through a computer network, patients who live in the country can consult a medical specialist in the city, tell him their symptoms, and receive advice without the need for a journey to the specialists office. Also, with several doctors being assigned to a single patient, the transparency of each
48、 doctors behavior is further ensured.On the other hand, however, it is also true that remote health consultation is not generally regarded as a form of medical treatment. For any sort of consultation to be regarded as medical treatment, most people feel that the patient must actually visit the docto
49、r, and undergo an examination by the doctor in person. Remote health care is essentially a means for doctors to work as a team. In order for this to be practicable, it is important to establish a system whereby financial support can be extended to a doctor who as a member of a medical team provides only information. Establishment of such a system will further advance the cause of “free access to information“ in the health c
