1、考博英语模拟试卷 223（无答案）一、Structure and Vocabulary1 Once a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite_.（A）unworthy（B） worthless（C） invaluable（D）priceless2 The diversity of tropical plants in the region represents a seemingly_source of raw materials, of which only a few have been utilized.（A）exploi
2、ted（B） controversial（C） inexhaustible（D）remarkable3 We shall send you commercial invoice, bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can_the goods on a D/P basis.（A）consume（B） complain（C） concern（D）claim4 Because of the bombing that killed six people, Washington has been urging the spoke
3、sman to_terrorism more severely.（A）charge（B） censor（C） blame（D）denounce5 The argument that Children are no longer an economic as. set, but more of a liability, drew more attention of the public.（A）productivity（B） possibility（C） responsibility（D）necessity 6 Many pure metals have little use because th
4、ey are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other_.（A）bruises（B） blunders（C） handicaps（D）drawbacks7 Court life was governed by the most precise form of_.（A）oracle（B） moratorium（C） etiquette（D）neurosis8 Most insulation devices of this kind, _ manufactured for such purposes, are extremely expensive
5、 to install.（A）that are（B） which is（C） those are（D）as are9 I thought the meeting was going to be awful, but it didnt _ too badly.（A）turn up（B） turn out（C） turn apart（D）turn down 10 It could not be ruled out that, sooner or later, the country would break out of the treaty.（A）confirmed（B） tolerated（C）
6、 excluded（D）refuted 11 Consumers deprived of the information and advice they needed were quite simply _ every cheat in the marketplace.（A）at the mercy of（B） in lieu of（C） by courtesy of（D）for the price of12 Although students may be in a _ position, teachers shall treat them as equals.（A）subsidiary（B
7、） submarine（C） subordinate（D）subsequent13 He couldnt _ his curiosity to see what was in the box.（A）retain（B） restrain（C） restrict（D）represent14 The bank manager asked his assistant if it was possible for him to _ the investment plan within a week.（A）work out（B） make out（C） put out（D）set out15 These
8、machines have been idle for the past month.（A）been troublesome（B） been working well（C） not been in service（D）not been running at all 16 The two psychologists had to modify the American Sign Language somewhat in order to accommodate the chimpanzees spontaneous gestures.（A）change（B） abort（C） shorten（D
9、）enhance 17 I said that I could not commit myself as my academic time was not yet finished, but I would like to be at their _ later.（A）disposal（B） guidance（C） assistance（D）supervision18 Packaging is designed so as to encourage impetuous shopping.（A）extravagant（B） careful（C） impotent（D）impulsive 19 T
10、he gap between those at the lowest level and those at the highest level of income had increased _ ,and is continuing to increase.（A）substantially（B） successfully（C） succinctly（D）sufficiently20 “Do you want to see my ID card or my drivers license?“ “_will do.“（A）Every（B） Each（C） Either（D）Both21 First
11、 launched in April this year, Net My Singapore also includes efforts that training, development, and the exploration of new technologies based on.（A）obliterate（B） sequester（C） encompass（D）terminate 22 So engrossed was the detective in considering the evidence that he completely forgot where Be was.（
12、A）wrapped up（B） impressed（C） disinvolved（D）impatient 23 City officials are considering building a path to give the public _ to the site.（A）recreation（B） excess（C） excursion（D）access 24 Confucianism has evolved into a culture of rationalistic traditionalism, a combination of traditional _ and group v
13、irtues with a pragmatism shaped by the conditions of a new competitive environment.（A）helm（B） assault（C） filial（D）derivation25 The beauty of the reflected images in the limpid pool was the poignant beauty of things that are _, exist only until the sunset.（A）equitable（B） ephemeral（C） euphonious（D）eva
14、sive 26 The flower under the sun would _ quickly without any protection.（A）wink（B） withhold（C） wither（D）widower 27 The talk might _ for weeks before any concrete result is announced.（A）get bogged down（B） hold out（C） press on（D）drag on 28 The organization provides information on health issue to the p
15、ublic at large.（A）at length（B） in general（C） in detail（D）in brief29 It makes me_when people dont listen, and then ask silly questions.（A）furious（B） generous（C） mysterious（D）suspicious30 Divorced from his wife just three months ago, he has made quite a_of himself by gallivanting about with his new gi
16、rlfriend, a former supermodel.（A）improvidence（B） revelation（C） extravagance（D）spectacle二、Cloze30 Trees are so common arid quiet that we pay them little mind. What, for instance, should we answer when asked to name the biggest living thing Earth has ever seen? Dinosaurs? Blue whales? No, the largest
17、sequoias in northern California weigh more than six blue whales. The tallest redwoods and Australian eucalyptus trees tower more than 300 feet high, three times the length of the greatest dinosaur.【71】Some bristlecone pine trees in the American West are more than 4, 000 years old, seedlings at the t
18、ime the Egyptians were building the Pyramids. Trees sustain our lives and our planet in a thousand practical ways. This morning at breakfastin your wood-framed house, on your wooden kitchen tableyou might have enjoyed orange juice or a grapefruit. Both come to use from trees. Over your French toast
19、you may have sprinkled cinnamon and nutmeg, the powdered bark and nuts of tropical trees. That quart of maple syrup on your table was boiled down from roughly 10 gallons of sap from a sugar-maple tree.【72】Do you like chocolate, almonds, cola beverages.? Cocoa beans, almonds and kola nuts are tree pr
20、oducts. Frees do more than mule life pleasant; they make life possible. Trees get water through their roots and, primarily through their leaves, they draw carbon dioxide from the air. Then, with the action of sunlight on cells containing chlorophyll and other materials, chemical reactions occur, and
21、 oxygen is released.【73】Photosynthesis also produces glucose, a type of sugar. Trees convert some of the glucose to starch, which they use for energy storage. The cellulose fiber we call wood is made of thousands of glucose molecules linked into giant chains that no longer taste sweet.【74】The ancien
22、t Greeks, for example, treated pain with a tea made by boiling willow leaves and bark, a tea modern scientists now know contains silicon, a precursor of acetylsalicylic acidaspirin.【75】More recently, researchers isolated and synthesized the chemical ginkgolide from the tree for use in treating asthm
23、a, toxic shock and other ills. A. For centuries, the Chinese have derived medicines from the ginkgo tree. B. Through photosynthesis, an acre of trees produces enough oxygen to sustain three humans. C. As scientists unlock the secrets of trees, they uncover surprising tacts. D. Trees have always been
24、 green machines, producing substances that humans learned to use. E. You think, at 150 or more years, giant tortoises can live a long time? F. And the morning newspaper was printed on the processed wood pulp we call paper.35 Brazil has become one of the developing world s great successes at reducing
25、 population growth but more by accident than design. While countries such as India have made joint efforts to【61】birth rates, Brazil has had better result without really trying, says George Martine at Harvard.Brazil s population growth【62】has dropped from 2.99% a year between 1951 and 1960【63】1.93%
26、a year between 1981 and 1990, and Brazilian women now have only 2.7 children on average. Martine says this【64】may have fallen still further since 1990, an achievement that makes it the envy of many other Third World countries.Martine puts it down to, among other things, soap operas (通俗电视连续剧)and inst
27、allment (分期付款) plans introduced in the 1970s. Both played an important, although indirect,【65】in lowering the birth rate. Brazil is one of the worlds biggest producers of soap operas. Globo, Brazil s most popular television network, shows three hours of soaps six nights a week, while three others sh
28、ow at least one hour a night. Most soaps are based【66】wealthy characters living the high life in big cities.“Although they have never really tried to work in a message towards the problems of reproduction, they describe middle and upper class values-not many children, different attitudes towards sex
29、, women working,“ says Martine “They sent this image to all parts of Brazil and【67 】people conscious of other patterns of behavior and other【68】, which were put into a very attractive pack- age. “Meanwhile, the installment plans tried to【69】the poor to become consumers. “This led to an enormous chan
30、ge in consumption patterns and【70】was incompatible( 不相容的)with un- limited reproduction,“ says Martine.（A）increase（B） reduce（C） extend（D）improve （A）rate（B） speed（C） pace（D）step （A）on（B） to（C） in（D）at （A）amount（B） quantity（C） deal（D）figure （A）role（B） lead（C） virtue（D）roll （A）in（B） on（C） for（D）with （A）
31、make（B） making（C） made（D）makes （A）messages（B） values（C） ideas（D）thoughts （A）force（B） obey（C） encourage（D）discourage （A）relation（B） consumption（C） condition（D）consideration 45 The great chariot of society, which for so long had run down the gentle slope of tradition, now found itself powered by an in
32、ternal combustion engine. Transactions and gain 【51】 a new and startling 【52】 force.What forces could have been 【53】 powerful to smash a comfortable and 【54】 world and institute in its place this new society? There was no single massive 【55】 . It was not great events, single adventures, individual l
33、aws, or charming 【56】 which 【57】 about the economic revolution. It was a process of internal growth.First, there was the gradual emergence of national political 【58】in Europe. A second great current of change was to be found in the slow decay of the religious spirit under the 【59】 of the skeptical,
34、inquiring, humanist views of the Italian Renaissance. Still another 【60】 current lies in the slow social changes that eventually rendered the market system possible. In the course of this change, power naturally began to gravitate into the hands of those who understood money matters-the merchants.（A
35、）catered（B） created（C） ebbed（D）traded（A）entity（B） factor（C） feat（D）motive（A）sufficiently（B） thoroughly（C） efficiently（D）constructively（A）fostered（B） fumed（C） established（D）updated（A）lure（B） cause（C） reply（D）reason（A）integrities（B） personalities（C） majesties（D）monarchies（A）complained（B） speculated（C）
36、 argued（D）brought（A）issues（B） events（C） situations（D）incidents（A）origin（B） myth（C） impact（D）suspect（A）profound（B） monetary（C） perplexing（D）momentary56 【C11 】（A）over（B） in（C） down（D）on56 Human beings are animals. We breathe, eat and digest, and reproduce the same life【21 】common to all animals. In a
37、biological laboratory rats, monkeys, and humans seem very much the same.However, biological understanding is not enough:【22】 itself, it can never tell us what human beings are.【23 】to our physical equipment the naked human body-we are not an【24】animal. We are tropical creatures,【25】 hairless and sen
38、sitive to cold. We are not fast and have neither claws nor sharp teeth to defend ourselves. We need a lot of food but have almost no physical equipment to help us get it. In the purely physical【26】 , our species seems a poor【27】for survival.But we have survived-survived and multiplied and【28】the ear
39、th. Some day we will have a【29】 living on the moon, a place with neither air nor water and with temperatures that turn gases into solids. How can we have done all these things? Part of the answer is physical.【30】its limitations, our physical equipment has some important【31 】. We have excellent visio
40、n and hands that can【30】objects with a precision unmatched by any other【33】. Most importantly, we have a large brain with an almost【34 】 number of neural【35】.（A）processes（B） acts（C） modes（D）procedures（A）On（B） With（C） For（D）By（A）Stripped（B） Pared（C） Peeled（D）Removed（A）intelligent（B） impressive（C） inf
41、luential（D）incentive（A）barely（B） hardly（C） nearly（D）scarcely（A）meaning（B） judgement（C） perspective（D）sense（A）bet（B） chance（C） fact（D）luck（A）filled（B） loaded（C） stuffed（D）scattered（A）residence（B） colony（C） home（D）empire（A）Apart from（B） With regard to（C） With the exception of（D）In spite of（A）abilities
42、（B） potentials（C） capabilities（D）possibilities（A）maneuver（B） manage（C） manipulate（D）manufacture（A）animal（B） animals（C） creatures（D）creature（A）infinite（B） unknown（C） boundless（D）ceaseless（A）connections（B） relations（C） activities（D）accesses71 Even geologist is familiar with the erosion cycle. No soone
43、r has an area of land been raised above sea-level than it becomes subject to the erosive forces of nature. The rain beats down on the ground and washed 1 the finer particles, sweeping them into rivulets and them into rivers and out to sea. The frost freezes the rain water in cracks of the rocks and
44、breaks 2 even the hardest of the constituents of the earths crust. Blocks of rock dislodged at high levels are brought down by the force of gravity. Alternate heating and 3 of bare rock surfaces causes their disintegration. In the dry regions of the world the wind is a powerful force in removing mat
45、erial from one area to another. All this is natural. But nature has also provided certain defensive forces. Bare rock surfaces are in 4 course protected by soil,itself de-pendent initially on the weathering of the rocks. Slowly 5 surely,different types of soil with differing profilesevolve the main
46、types depending primarily on the climate. The protective soil covering,once it is formed,is hold together by the growth of vegetation. Grass and herbaceous plants, 6 long,branching tenuous roots,hold firmly together the surface particles. The 7 is true with the forest cover. The heavi-est tropical d
47、ownpours beating on the leaves of the giant trees reach the ground only 8 spray,gently watering the surface layers and penetrating along the long passages provided by the roots to the lower levels of the soil. The soil,thus protected by grass,herb,or trees,furnishes a quiet habitat for a myriad vari
48、ed organismsearth-worms that importantly modify the soil,bacteria,active in their work of converting 9 leaves and decaying vegetation into humus and food for the growing plants. Chemical action is con-stantly taking 10 ;soil acids attack mineral particles and salts in solution move from one layer in
49、 the soil to another.三、Reading Comprehension81 There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, someday is not of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100, 000 years undergo a dramatic polarity reversal -a period when north pole becomes south pole and south pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable?Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists pr
