1、考研英语（阅读）模拟试卷 35 及答案与解析Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. (40 points)0 The Advantage of Education of Special Area School in Washington D.C.Coming to Washington, it took time to see the difference. As usual, everyone complain
2、ed about public education. Thats an American pastime. But the more high schools I visited here, the more I realized this was at least relatively speakingthe Shangri-la of American education. There were more schoois in one place than I had ever seen that fit my profiie-well-mixed, well-run, with fami
3、lies committed to strong instruction. They shrugged off neighbors who, betraying unexamined biases, wondered how they could send their kids to those schools.Other parts of the country share some of this good fortune: the San Gabriel Valley, the San Francisco peninsula, Houston, Dallas, Charlotte, No
4、rfolk, much of urban Florida. This is subjective, of course, but I have data that shows the piaces most likely to have both challenging and diverse schools. Greater D.C. leads the list.When I returned to iocai education reporting after two decades as a foreign, national and business reporter, I star
5、ted covering the Arlington and Alexandria schools. I was amazed. Arlingtons three regular high schools, Yorktown, Washington-Lee and Wakefield, and Alexandrias T. C. Williams were almost exactly what I was looking for. I wandered further and saw there were plenty more like thatto name just a few, Mo
6、unt Vernon, Stuart, South Lakes and Annandaie in Fairfax County; Bethesda-Chevy Chase, Springbrook, Blake and Gaithersburg in Montgomery County; Wilson, Duke Ellington and Bell (its name since changed to Columbia Heights) in the District. The outer ring of countiesPrince William, Loudoun, Anne Arund
7、el and Charleswere all experiencing demographic shifts, but their schools, surprisingly, got better.So many parents and educators here agree on the worthiness of rigorous instruction for as many kids as possible, and on helping children appreciate their differences. The region has some advantages. I
8、ssues of national unity are woven into many parents working lives. Salaries are relatively high and stable, which means healthy school budgets. Smart school boards recruited wise superintendents, who picked the best principals, who found the most talented teachers, who gave students lessons rich in
9、content and thought.I remember asking seniors in a government class at T. C. Williams about the differences between them. The teacher, Jack Esformes, had put in the same class Advan-ced Placement students heading for college and other students praying for the last bell. Werent they uncomfortable, al
10、l mixed together?They fiercely defended their pride at being one exciting class, with contributions from everyone. In their eyes, I was just another clueless visitor trying to stereotype them. I have the data backing up my impressions. But who wants to deal with that on New Years Eve?So cheek the st
11、ats yourself and tell me if Im not right. By fortunate happenstance, with much work and talk, people of every sort have created schools in this region that have turned that overused word diversity into something real, and given a greater portion of our adolescents a better education than I have seen
12、 anywhere else.1 What can NOT be inferred from the first paragraph?（A）People in Washington complain about school education as other Americans do.（B） The complaint may not reflect or even cover up the real situation of Washington.（C） The writer does not believe what the Washington people complain abo
13、ut schools.（D）There is hardly any difference between Washington and other states of the US.2 What does the word “neighbors“ in Para. 1 refer to?（A）Neighboring schools.（B） Residents around here.（C） States next to Washington.（D）Rival schools nearby.3 The advantage of the operation of schools in the re
14、gion is_.（A）rigorous instruction.（B） diversity appreciation.（C） healthy school budget.（D）high-quality students.4 What is the writers attitude towards the mixed-up class in T. C. Williams?（A）Critical.（B） Admiring.（C） Suspicious.（D）Disdainful.4 Education Changes of the Kindergarten ChildrenWe have two
15、 sets of twins who are in fourth grade and kindergarten at a weli-regarded public school in Bowie. The difference I see in the four years since my older children were in kindergarten is astounding.I do not remember the older children having tests in kindergarten. Now they have tests at least monthly
16、 in math, reading, social studies and science. The tests are multiple choice so that they can practice filling in little bubbles to be ready for the Maryland State Assessment in three years. For this weeks math worksheet, they were required to cut and paste the days of the week in order (acceptable
17、to me) and then explain how they knew their answer was correct (what are they supposed to write for that).This years kindergartners were starting to write sentences by the second month. They started with a simple “ I see“ and quickly moved up to things such as, “I go to school.“ They are expected to
18、 learn a new sentence each week and write it with a capital letter at the beginning, correct letter formation and spelling, spacing between the words, and a period at the end. Is this really essential for kindergarten?Four years ago, kindergartners took a rest time for the first half of the year. No
19、w, even the pre-K at our school isnt allowed a rest time. One of my daughters copes well with the long day. The other, who was in Head Start last year (where they had a full hour of rest each afternoon), is tired, cranky and overstimulated.Both of my daughters teachers are wonderful and try to work
20、in some fun within the tight constraints of the curriculum. One of the teachers has told me that the kindergarten curriculum is what used to be the first-grade curriculum. What evidence do we have that this pushing is beneficial to the children? While some of the children can handle the pressure wel
21、l, others cannot. One of my daughters has mastered her kindergarten reading and moved on to first-grade words. The other one struggles to keep up and hates school.The parent who chooses to teach her own does not become a martyr to her childrens education. Tutoring ones child takes neither the time n
22、or the energy that teaching a classroom full of children would require. And, no matter what educational choice is made, there will be trade-offs.Choosing a private school, for instance, might entail a long commute and/or a second job on the parents part; opting to send ones offspring to public schoo
23、l, on the other hand, might require more volunteer hours from the family. Both of these choices find parents helping their children with homework or school projects in the evenings and on weekends. So choosing home education doesnt necessarily mean spending that much more time on ones childrens educ
24、ation. Rather, it is simply time spent in different ways.5 In order to prepare for the Maryland State Assessment, kindergarteners are required to_.（A）study math, reading, and science（B） do tests in form of multiple choices（C） explain their answers in worksheet（D）cut and paste the days of the week in
25、 order6 Kindergartners learn to write sentences with all the following EXCEPT_.（A）punctuation（B） originality（C） capital letter（D）space7 The third sentence in Para. 5 demonstrates the authors opinion that_.（A）new curriculum at kindergarten does harm to children（B） pushing children to higher levels is
26、 evidently beneficial（C） parents should find evidence of the pushing method（D）no one is sure about the effects of the pushing curriculum8 In terms of educational choices, the author_.（A）chooses between private schools and public schools（B） prefers home education to schooling（C） favors public schools
27、（D）has not made up her mind9 This passage is mostly concerned with _.（A）changes in kindergartens（B） kindergarteners behaviors（C） educational choices（D）twins education9 Take Steps to Protects ChildrenPreventing childhood injuries would seem a tough task. But theres a long list of proven ways to make
28、the world safer for children. The World Health Organization wants its 193 member nationsand especially those in the developing world, where most deaths from injury occurto know that accidents dont have to happen.Many prevention strategies used by rich societies are only now being adopted in the deve
29、loping world. They include strict drunken-driving laws; requirements that wells be covered and swimming pools fenced off; installing window guards in upper-story apartments; having standards for child-resistant lighters; requiring child-resistant packaging of drugs, stove fuel and poisons; and estab
30、lishing poison-control centers and burn units.Traffic injuries are perhaps the most dramatic example of how much could be gained if strategies that have been shown to prevent injury were put in place more broadly. Traffic injuries are the leading cause of death worldwide for 15-to- 19-year-olds and
31、the second-leading cause for children 5 to 14. But the use of seat belts, child seats and helmets, and the institution of “graduated licensing“ of new drivers are essentially unknown in many countries.For society, the payoff of prevention efforts is huge. For every $ 1 invested in bike helmets and c
32、hild seats, for example, $29 is saved in health care, disability and lost income costs. But for individuals, prevention is often economically burdensome. According to the WHO report, a factory laborer in a low-income country must work 11 times as long as his counterpart in a high-income country to b
33、uy a bicycle helmet. For a child soar, its 16 times as long.At the same time, some countries have risks not widely shared by others. Death rates from bums are 11 times as high in developing countries as in industrialized ones. European and American boys and girls have virtually equal rates of death
34、from fire. In South Asia and Southeast Asia, however, girls mortality is three times that of boys because girls assist in family cooking at an early age; and the heat source is often an open flame on the ground; and female clothes are long and flowing.Prevention in those societies may need to includ
35、e changes as simpleand as difficultas getting the stove up to waist height.10 What can we learn from Para. 1 ?（A）It is impossible to prevent children from being injured.（B） A number of methods need to be proved to protect children.（C） More children died from injuries in developing countries.（D）Nobod
36、y knows that accidents dont have to happen.11 What is the effective prevention against injuries?（A）Leave the wells and swimming pools open as usual.（B） People who are drunk are forbidden to drive a car.（C） Send a guard near the window if living in an apartment,（D）Resist children to pack drugs, stove
37、 fuel and poisons.12 Which of the following statements is true according to Para. 3?（A）Prevention strategies have not been used as widely as they should be.（B） All the deadly injuries come from car accidents for the 15 years old.（C） Children aged from 5 to 14 are more likely to be injured by car.（D）
38、A new driver has to buy a child seat to prevent children injuries.13 Which is the possible meaning of the word “counterpart“ (Line 9, Para. 4)?（A）Apart in a high-income country.（B） A person who does the same job.（C） A coworker of the factory laborer.（D）A kind of work which can make money.14 What is
39、the main idea of Para. 5?（A）Death rates from burns are higher in some developing countries.（B） European countries have the same death rates with America.（C） Many Asian girls died from the injuries from burns.（D）Reasons why so many Asian girls die from the injuries from bums.14 The Features of Solar
40、and Wind EnergySolar and wind energy seem to have captured the publics support as potentially being the primary or total answer to our electric power needs despite the fact that solar cells and wind energy systems dont always provide electric power.Solar cells and wind turbines are attractive becaus
41、e they are “renewables“ and because they emit no C02, during operation. But because solar and wind electricity are available only part of the time that consumers demand power, they cannot provide energy “ on demand“, something that the public requires. We expect the lights to go on when we turn on a
42、 switch, and we do not expect our computers to shut down as nature dictates.Large-scale electric energy Storage with hydroelectric dams is a good way to solve the problem, but when we use hydroelectric dams for electric energy storage, we reduce their electric power output, which would otherwise hav
43、e been used by consumers. In other words, we suffer a loss to gain power on demand from wind and solar.At locations without such hydroelectric dams, which are most places, solar and wind electricity systems must be backed up 100 percent by other forms of generation to ensure against blackouts. In to
44、days world, that backup power can only come from fossil fuels. Then the public will pay a large amount of money for solar and windpaying once for the solar and wind system and again for the fossil fuel system.Finally, because solar and wind have the capacity to deliver only 30 to 40 percent of their
45、 full power ratings in even the best locations, they provide a C02 reduction of less than 30 to 40 percent, considering the fossil fuels needed for the backup. Thats far less than the 100 percent that many people believe, and it all comes with a high cost.The United States will need an array of elec
46、tric power production options to meet its needs in the years ahead. Solar and wind will have their places, as will other renewables. Realistically, however, solar and wind will probably only provide a modest percentage of future US power. Some serious realism in energy planning is needed, especially
47、 from analysts who are not backing one horse or another.15 Why does the public support solar and wind energy?（A）Because the public consider them the best substitutes for electricity.（B） Because the public believe they can provide enough electricity in the future.（C） Because they can supply electrici
48、ty at any time in any places.（D）Because they are the most economical energy in the world.16 Whats the possible result if we use hydroelectric dams for electricity storage?（A）We will have enough electric power.（B） We can make full use of the hydroelectric dams.（C） The losses will outweigh the benefit
49、s we get.（D）Water will not be used to generate electricity any more.17 What is the main idea of Para. 4?（A）Solar and wind electricity system are costly.（B） Most places have no hydroelectric dams.（C） Fossil fuels can support the solar and wind energy.（D）Solar and wind systems should be abandoned.18 Which of the following statements is true according to Para. 5?（A）Solar and wind energy are very efficient and effective.（B） Solar and wind energy can reduce half of the greenhouse gas.（C） Many p
