1、考研英语二（完形填空）模拟试卷 148（无答案）一、Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D. (10 points) 0 Scientists say they have found a way to turn body fat into a better type of fat that burns off calories and weight. The US Johns
2、 Hopkins team made the【C1】_in rats but believe the same could be done in humans, offering the hope of a new way to treat obesity. 【C2】_the expression of a protein linked to【C3】_not only reduced the animals calorie intake and weight, but also【C4】_their fat composition.Brown fat is【C5 】_in babies, whi
3、ch they use as a【C6】_source to generate body heat,【C7】_calories at the same time. But as we age our brown fat largely【C8】_and gets replaced by “bad“ white fat, which【C9】_sits as a spare tyre around the waist.“We will need a lot more work to tease this out, but it could offer a(n)【C10】_way to develop
4、 new treatments for obesity“, an expert said.Experts have【C11】_that stimulating the body to make more brown fat【C12】_white fat could be a helpful way to control weight and【C13】_obesity and its related health problems. Various teams have been searching for a way to do this, and Dr Sheng Bi and collea
5、gues at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine believe they may have cracked it. They designed an experiment to see【C14】_suppressing an appetite-stimulating protein called NPY would decrease body weight in rats. When they silenced NPY in the brains of the rats they found their appetite and
6、food【C15】_decreased. Even when the rats were fed a very【C16】_, high-fat diet they still managed to keep more weight【C17】_than rats who had fully functioning NPY. The scientists then checked the fat【C18】_of the rats and found an interesting change had occurred. In the rats with silenced NPY expressio
7、n, some of the bad white fat had been replaced with good brown fat.The researchers are【C19】_that it may be possible to achieve the same effect in people by injecting brown fat stem cells【C20】_the skin to burn white fat and stimulate weight loss.1 【C1 】（A）time（B） breakthrough（C） accomplishment（D）effo
8、rt2 【C2 】（A）Mamtaining（B） Reducing（C） Measuring（D）Modifying3 【C3 】（A）appetite（B） blood（C） health（D）nerve4 【C4 】（A）transferred（B） transformed（C） transcended（D）transmitted5 【C5 】（A）barren（B） fragile（C） diverse（D）abundant6 【C6 】（A）power（B） force（C） strength（D）might7 【C7 】（A）accumulating（B） adding（C） fi
9、ring（D）expending8 【C8 】（A）disappears（B） diffuses（C） distracts（D）distributes9 【C9 】（A）approximately（B） extremely（C） typically（D）absolutely10 【C10 】（A）ample（B） feasible（C） healthy（D）tentative11 【C11 】（A）reasoned（B） suspected（C） planned（D）assured12 【C12 】（A）rather than（B） as well as（C） in addition to（D
10、）as to13 【C13 】（A）accelerate（B） predict（C） prevent（D）retrieve14 【C14 】（A）if（B） where（C） that（D）how15 【C15 】（A）nutrition（B） process（C） pack（D）intake16 【C16 】（A）rich（B） fabulous（C） wonderful（D）delicious17 【C17 】（A）off（B） from（C） up（D）back18 【C18 】（A）content（B） composition（C） constitution（D）distinction
11、19 【C19 】（A）persistent（B） hopeful（C） dubious（D）cautious20 【C20 】（A）of（B） on（C） under（D）across20 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is【C1】_and another is competit
12、ive.Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and【C2】_certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two【C3】_schools of thought on the matter have【C4 】_. As one might expect, the two approac
13、hes are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of【C5】_between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often【C6】_as “nature v. nurture“.Those who support the “nature“ side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are【C7 】_determined by biological
14、and【C8】_factors. That our environment has【C9】_, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory【C10 】_that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely【C11】_by our instincts.Proponen
15、ts of the “nurture“ theory, or,【C12】_they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts【C13】_determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely【C14】_by their surroun
16、dings. The behaviorists view of the human being is quite【C15 】_; they maintain that, like machines, humans【C16 】_to environmental stimuli as the【C17】_of their behavior.The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, blacks often score below whites on s
17、tandardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature“ proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. Behaviorists,【C18】_, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental【C19 】_that whites
18、 enjoy.Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the【C20】_to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes.21 【C1 】（A）fragile（B） cooperative（C） credible（D）aggressive22 【C2 】（A）expose（B） reveal（C） overlook（D）exhibit23 【C3 】（A）distinct（B）
19、 distinctive（C） apparent（D）respective24 【C4 】（A）discovered（B） invented（C） developed（D）shaped25 【C5 】（A）quarrel（B） debate（C） fight（D）paradox26 【C6 】（A）referred to（B） associated with（C） related to（D）contributed to27 【C7 】（A）particularly（B） scarcely（C） largely（D）invariably28 【C8 】（A）mental（B） psycholog
20、ical（C） physical（D）genetic29 【C9 】（A）many（B） little（C） much（D）few30 【C10 】（A）maintains（B） doubts（C） suggests（D）requires31 【C11 】（A）confirmed（B） governed（C） intensified（D）restrained32 【C12 】（A）while（B） so（C） as（D）though33 【C13 】（A）without（B） from（C） against（D）in34 【C14 】（A）supervised（B） manipulated（C
21、） shaped（D）endowed35 【C15 】（A）flexible（B） complicated（C） negative（D）mechanistic36 【C16 】（A）respond（B） attribute（C） object（D）tumble37 【C17 】（A）ground（B） basis（C） reason（D）base38 【C18 】（A）in fact（B） in a sense（C） in short（D）in contrast39 【C19 】（A）advantages（B） backgrounds（C） traits（D）rights40 【C20 】（A）solution（B） resolution（C） access（D）key
