1、 Standard Practice Considerations in the Selection and Evaluation of Rust Preventives and Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Interim (Temporary) Corrosion Protection This NACE International standard represents a consensus of those individual members who have reviewed this document, its scope, and provis
2、ions. Its acceptance does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has adopted the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not in conformance with this standard. Nothing contained in this NACE International standard is to b
3、e construed as granting any right, by implication or otherwise, to manufacture, sell, or use in connection with any method, apparatus, or product covered by Letters Patent, or as indemnifying or protecting anyone against liability for infringement of Letters Patent. This standard represents minimum
4、requirements and should in no way be interpreted as a restriction on the use of better procedures or materials. Neither is this standard intended to apply in all cases relating to the subject. Unpredictable circumstances may negate the usefulness of this standard in specific instances. NACE Internat
5、ional assumes no responsibility for the interpretation or use of this standard by other parties and accepts responsibility for only those official NACE International interpretations issued by NACE International in accordance with its governing procedures and policies which preclude the issuance of i
6、nterpretations by individual volunteers. Users of this NACE International standard are responsible for reviewing appropriate health, safety, environmental, and regulatory documents and for determining their applicability in relation to this standard prior to its use. This NACE International standard
7、 may not necessarily address all potential health and safety problems or environmental hazards associated with the use of materials, equipment, and/or operations detailed or referred to within this standard. Users of this NACE International standard are also responsible for establishing appropriate
8、health, safety, and environmental protection practices, in consultation with appropriate regulatory authorities if necessary, to achieve compliance with any existing applicable regulatory requirements prior to the use of this standard. CAUTIONARY NOTICE: NACE International standards are subject to p
9、eriodic review, and may be revised or withdrawn in accordance with NACE technical committee procedures. NACE International requires that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of initial publication. The user is cautioned to obtain the l
10、atest edition. Purchasers of NACE International standards may receive current information on all standards and other NACE International publications by contacting the NACE International FirstService Department, 1440 South Creek Dr., Houston, Texas 77084-4906 (telephone +1281/228-6200). Reaffirmed 20
11、07-03-15 Revised 2000-01-14 Reaffirmed August 1993 Approved October 1987 NACE International 1440 South Creek Drive Houston, Texas 77084-4906 +1 281/228-6200 ISBN 1-57590-097-1 2007, NACE International NACE SP0487-2007 (formerly RP0487-2000) Item No. 21037 SP0487-2007 NACE International i _ Foreword
12、Almost every manufacturing plant that deals with ferrous and nonferrous metal needs to protect parts, components, equipment, or subassemblies from corrosion. In most metal-working plants, parts in process spend approximately 50 to 80% of the time awaiting further processing. Humidity, heat, perspira
13、tion, and airborne contaminants, as well as cutting oil and coolant residues, can attack the unprotected metal. Interim coatings have been used for more than 50 years throughout the world to protect ferrous and nonferrous parts, assemblies, components, etc., for periods of time from a few days to mo
14、re than a year. Because they are designed for temporary use, interim coatings can be used to protect metal between manufacturing processes and during storage and shipping. The interim coatings are normally removed prior to final painting, plating, fabrication, or construction. The proper selection o
15、f an interim coating provides the corrosion prevention required during processing, shipping, and prior to painting. The purpose of this standard practice is to inform industry of considerations in the selection and performance criteria of interim coatings. Quality control criteria are listed to enab
16、le the manufacturer and user to select appropriate test procedures to maintain prescribed standards. This standard is intended to assist the new buyer or user as well as the experienced user of interim coatings in the proper selection and evaluation of these coatings. This NACE standard was original
17、ly prepared in 1987 by NACE Task Group (TG) T-6H-42, a component of Unit Committee T-6H on Coating Materials for Atmospheric Service. It was reaffirmed in 1993 by T-6H, technically revised in 2000 by T-6H-42, and reaffirmed in 2007 by Specific Technology Group (STG) 02 on Coatings and Linings, Prote
18、ctive: Atmospheric. It is issued by NACE International under the auspices of STG 02. In NACE Standards, the terms shall, must, should, and may are used in accordance with the definitions of these terms in the NACE Publications Style Manual, 4th ed., Paragraph 7.4.1.9. Shall and must are used to stat
19、e mandatory requirements. The term should is used to state something good and is recommended but is not mandatory. The term may is used to state something considered optional. _ SP0487-2007 ii NACE International _ NACE International Standard Practice Considerations in the Selection and Evaluation of
20、 Rust Preventives and Vapor Corrosion Inhibitors for Interim (Temporary) Corrosion Protection Contents 1. General . 1 2. Types of Interim Coatings. 1 3. Selection Factors for Interim Coatings 2 4. Surface Preparation 3 5. Evaluation Tests for Coatings. 4 6. Quality Control 4 References 7 Bibliograph
21、y 8 _ SP0487-2007 NACE International 1 _ Section 1: General 1.1 This standard provides recommended selection factors, surface preparation requirements, and references to applicable standard evaluation and quality control tests for interim coatings (rust preventives and vapor phase corrosion inhibito
22、rs) that provide temporary corrosion protection to parts, such as finished machine tools, boilers, turbines, diesel engines, transportation equipment, earth moving equipment, and other machinery, during shipment and storage. 1.2 Interim coatings deposited on parts in process are normally from 0.5 to
23、 75 m (0.02 to 3.0 mil) thick. Some heavy-duty interim coatings, wrappers, and wax-petrolatum tapes may be up to 2,000 m (80 mils) thick, while a vapor corrosion inhibitor (VCI) may provide protection with only the thickness of a molecule. These coatings may contain proprietary rust-preventive addit
24、ives to improve their inherent corrosion-preventive ability. 1.3 The type of interim coating selected depends on performance requirements. Typical performance requirements include that the coating can be easily applied, provide corrosion prevention for the exposure and handling conditions outlined,
25、and be removed more readily than conventional coatings. Because there are many types of interim coatings available, the best choice for a particular application depends on the degree of protection required and storage and time considerations, as well as shipping and removal requirements. Interim coa
26、tings are applied in the shop or on site by dipping, wiping, brushing, or spraying the component with the rust preventive. _ Section 2: Types of Interim Coatings The types of interim coatings can be outlined as follows: 2.1 Inhibited Fluids (includes natural and synthetic oils and aqueous fluids) (a
27、) Lubricating rust-preventive oils (b) Slushing oils (ferrous and nonferrous coil and sheet protective coatings) (c) Water emulsion compounds (d) Aqueous fluids 2.2 Wax/Oxidized Petroleum Fractions (a) Hot-melt or 100% solids (b) Waterborne (c) Solventborne (d) Wax/petrolatum tapes 2.3 Asphaltic Mat
28、erial (a) Hot-melt or 100% solids (b) Waterborne (c) Solventborne 2.4 Polymer (a) Hydrocarbons (b) Alkyds (c) Acrylics (d) Esters (e) Elastomers 2.5 Miscellaneous (a) Concentrates (b) Inhibitors (c) Greases 2.6 Vapor phase inhibitors (VPIs) or volatile corrosion inhibitors (VCIs) 2.6.1 Some interim
29、coatings contain VPIs that help the coating function properly. VPIs also protect uncoated surfaces. 2.6.2 VPIs are normally in the form of crystals, powders, tablets, VPI-impregnated polymeric film, extruded film, emitters, etc. Products that are protected are usually electrical or electronic equipm
30、ent, spare parts, engine bearings or components, etc. These products may be packaged in containers. SP0487-2007 2 NACE International _ Section 3: Selection Factors for Interim Coatings 3.1 A comprehensive review of the factors that influence the selection of the interim coating should be done to ens
31、ure that the proper choice is made. The following details should be used as a checklist prior to specification or use of an interim coating: 3.2 Product to Be Coated 3.2.1 Product Description 3.2.1.1 Determine the type of metal to be coated. 3.2.1.2 Determine the size, shape, and finish or surface p
32、reparation of the metal. 3.2.1.3 Determine whether moisture or other foreign material is present on the metal. 3.2.2 Product Environment 3.2.2.1 Determine where the product to be coated will be stored or transported prior to use. Different exposure conditions require dramatically different grades of
33、 interim coatings. For example, products to be stored outdoors normally require heavier films, whereas thin films are used for products stored indoors. 3.2.2.2 If a product is to be stored indoors, determine the type of environmental conditions that will be present and the severity of exposure: (a)
34、Acid (b) Alkali (c) Humidity (d) Salt (e) Temperature (f) Dirt/dust (g) Solvent exposure (h) Abrasion 3.2.2.3 If the product is to be stored in a shed or other outdoor covered area, determine the type of environmental conditions that will be present, in addition to those listed in Paragraph 3.2.2.2,
35、 and the severity of exposure: (a) UV light (b) Precipitation 3.2.2.4 If the product will be stored outdoors, determine the type of environmental conditions that will be present, in addition to those listed in Paragraphs 3.2.2.2 and 3.2.2.3, and the severity of exposure. 3.3 Duration of Protection 3
36、.3.1 In environments that decrease coating thickness or compromise the integrity of the coating over time, a thicker initial film or the use of a high-performance coating is generally needed if long-term protection is required. 3.3.2 Thickness or grade of the coating depends on many factors besides
37、duration of use. For the purposes of this standard, duration of protection is defined as follows: 3.3.2.1 Short-term protection is considered to be 3 months or less. 3.3.2.2 Moderate-term protection is considered to be 3 to 12 months. 3.3.2.3 Long-term protection is considered to be more than 12 mon
38、ths. 3.4 Handling Requirements 3.4.1 Different types of coatings necessitate different methods of product handling, packaging, storage, removal, etc. Therefore, manufacturers, shippers, and end users of a protected part or component have distinct preferences and requirements depending on the type of
39、 interim coating used. 3.4.2 Damage to the interim coating that occurs during or after handling should be repaired. 3.4.3 Drying time may be critical, depending on how soon the protected products are packaged or exposed to environmental conditions. 3.4.4 Coating Types (a) Firm (b) Hard (c) Soft (d)
40、Tacky (e) Oily (f) Dry SP0487-2007 NACE International 3 (g) Waxy (h) Grease-like (i) Ultrathin (j) Molecular 3.4.5 Coating Appearances (a) Translucent (b) Transparent (c) Opaque (d) Pigmented (e) Dyed (f) Only discernible to trained individuals 3.5 Coating Application Methods 3.5.1 The method of app
41、lication may dictate the type of coating selected. For example, dipping the product in an interim coating may offer the most complete protection, but if the component is large or of intricate configuration, dipping may be impractical. The most efficient methods of application include: (a) Dip (b) Sp
42、ray (e.g., airless-pressure, air, electrostatic) (c) Brush (d) Flow (e) Roll (f) Float (g) Wipe and wrap 3.6 Removal 3.6.1 Because most interim coatings are eventually removed, ease of removal is of critical importance when considering which coating to select. Thin, oily coatings and water emulsions
43、 provide the thinnest films and are normally easy to remove. Alkaline cleansers are usually sufficient for total removal. Heavier, weather-resistant coatings are usually removed with aliphatic or aromatic solvents. 3.6.2 A company specifying or using the coating may not be immediately concerned with
44、 removal because another division or a foreign company may beperforming the removal. However, ease of removal is a vital consideration in the selection process. Before a final selection is made, the ability to remove the film, the cost of removal, and the handling required for removal of the film mu
45、st be determined. 3.6.3 The following are the methods used to remove interim coatings. The user of the coating should consult the coating manufacturer for specific removal recommendations. (a) Alkaline cleanser (b) Vapor-phase degreaser (c) Solvent wash (d) Abrasive blast cleaning (e) Waterjetting (
46、f) Wet abrasive blast cleaning (g) Power or hand tool cleaning (h) Steam cleaning (i) Lubricating oil (j) Ultrasonic cleaning 3.6.4 Some interim coatings are not intended for removal. For example, bearings for automotive and aeronautical applications are often preserved in a rust-inhibitive grease o
47、r wax that is compatible with the lubricant or gear lubricant in the final part or assembly. 3.7 Special Requirements 3.7.1 Special factors, such as health risks, safe disposal of the coating residue, and compatibility with other coatings, play an important part in the selection decision. 3.7.2 Any
48、special requirements that figure in the selection of the interim coating should be determined. The following are some of the details (in addition to those in Paragraphs 3.1 through 3.6) that may require consideration: (a) Fingerprint neutralization; (b) Weldability; (c) Paintability; (d) Disposal, including environmental concerns in the disposal of coating residue (e.g., the residue might be
