1、KSKSKSKS SKSKSKS KSKSKS SKSKS KSKS SKS KS 2006 11 28 http:/www.kats.go.krKS I ISO 11222 KS I ISO 11222： 2006 (2011 ) I ISO 11222： 2006 : ( ) ( ) KIST ( ) : (http:/www.standard.go.kr) ： ：2001 12 6 ：2006 11 28 ：2011 12 26 2011-0623 ： ： ( 02- 509-7270) (http:/www.kats.go.kr). 10 5 , . ICS 13.040.01 KS
2、I ISO 11222： 2006(2011 ) Air quality Determination of the uncertainty of the time average of air quality measurements 2002 1 ISO 11222 Air quality Determination of the uncertainty of the time average of air quality measurements , . 1. . . . . . . (the guide to the expression of uncertainty in measur
3、ement； GUM) . 2. . . GUM： 1995 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement, First edition, BIPM/IEC/IFCC/ISO/IUPAC/ IUPAP/OIML 3. . 3.1 (arithmetic mean, average) . ISO 3534 1, 2.26 3.2 (combined standard uncertainty) . . GUM, 2.3.4 . 3.3 (covariance) GUM, C.3.4 “0” . , I ISO 11222： 2006 2
4、 . 3.4 (coverage factor) GUM, C.2.3.6 3.5 (expanded uncertainty) GUM, C.2.3.5 p X Up(X) , X p X Up(X)； X Up(X) . 3.6 (influence quantity) , GUM, B.2.10 3.7 (lack of fit) . 3.8 (mean square uncertainty) “ ” . 3.9 (measurand) VIM, 2.6 . 3.10 (measuring system) , . 3.11 (model equation) GUM, 3.1.6 3.12
5、 (number of degrees of freedom) . GUM, C.2.31 3.13 (random variable) , ISO 3534 1, 1.2 3.14 (reference material) , , VIM, 6.13 3.15 (reference standard) , . VIM, 6.6 3.16 (result of a measurement) . VIM, 3.1 3.17 (standard) , , I ISO 11222： 2006 3 , VIM, 6.1 3.18 (standard deviation) GUM, C.2.12 3.1
6、9 (standard uncertainty) GUM, 2.3.1 3.20 (time average) ( ) 3.21 (uncertainty) VIM, 3.9 , . 3.22 (variance) 2 GUM, C.2.11 2 . 4. Ci T TC Ci f feff fM uM(TC ) fs uS(TC ) f u( j ) u( j ) f ur( j ) ur( j ) f unr( j ) unr( j ) f unr) unr f ur(Ci) ur(Ci) kp( f ) p f M T T( j ) Max N T Ci Nmax T Ci n( j )
7、 T( j ) s(Cj) TC N Ci T TC TS Ci T( j ) T u(Ci) Ci ur(Ci) Ci I ISO 11222： 2006 4 urCi unrCi u( j ) T( j ) Ci ur( j ) T( j ) Ci unr( j ) T( j ) Ci u(TC ) TC ( ) uM(TC ) TC uS(TC ) T TC ur(TC ) uM(TC ) unr(TC ) uM(TC ) up(TC ) p TC vrCi 5. 5.1 . . ( 3) . . . T N Ci (1) . TC Ci： i 1 N (1) i TS , ( ) .
8、Ci . Ci . Ci TS T . N Ci (T) (Nmax T/TS) N/Nmax 1 . N Ci TC (6.1 ) . TC Ci T . GUM . Ci (2) . )()()(2nr2r2iiiCuCuCu += (2) )(2r iCu , 2nru (Ci) Ci . 2nru (Ci) Ci . Ci . 6. . Ci I ISO 11222： 2006 5 . 2ru (Ci) . ( , ) . 2ru (Ci) Ci . u2(Ci) 2nru (Ci) . . . . 5.2 TC Ci T . . . Ci , TR Ci TS 25 % . Nmax
9、 T/TS N . TC Ci GUM . Ci . a) T . . 1) ： )(2r iCu , 2nru 2) ： fur(Ci), f(unr) )(2r iCu 2nru T . )(2r iCu Ci . 2nru Ci . )(2r iCu f ur(Ci) . 2nru f (unr) . )(2r iCu 2nru f ur(Ci) f (unr) . b) (M 1) T . j 1 M . 1) ： )(2rju , )(2nrju 2) n( j ) T( j ) 3) f ur( j ), f unr( j ) =MjjTT1)( =MjjnN1)( . Ci T(
10、 j ) . T( j ) T . )(2r iCu 2nru ( j ) T( j ) . T( j ) I ISO 11222： 2006 6 . 2ru ( j ) f ur( j ) . 2nru ( j ) f unr( j ) . ur( j ) unr( j ) f ur( j ) f unr( j ) . c) (M 1) . j 1 M . 1) u( j ) 2) n( j ) T( j ) 3) f( j ) =MjjTT1)( =MjjnN1)( . Ci T( j ) . T( j ) T . u( j ) T( j ) . u( j ) T( j ) . T( j
11、) . u( j) f( j ) . 6. 6.1 5. Ci(i 1 N) TC (3) . =NiiTCNC11(3) TC . a) TC TS Ci b) N TS29 f (unr) 29 , fM 30 . b) (M 1) T . +=MjMjTjnjujnjuNCu122nr12r22M)()()()(1)( (10) (10) Ci TC . uM)(TC fM GUM (11) Welch Satterthwaite . =+=MjTjufjujufjufCu1nr4nrr4rM4M)()()()()(11) j 1 M f ur(j) 29 f unr(j) 29 fM
12、30 . c) (M 1) . I ISO 11222： 2006 8 =MjTjnjuNCu12222M)()(1)( (12) 5.2 c) u(j) . uM)(TC fM GUM (13) Welch Satterthwaite . =MjTjufjufCu14M4M)()()(13) j 1 M fu(j) 29 , fM 30 . 6.3 Ci T 6.2 TC . ( 3) , Ci TC uS)(TC (14) . )(11)(2max2S iTCsNNNCu= (14) s2(Ci) (15) . =NiTiiCCNCs122)(11)( (15) )(2S TCu fS (
13、16) . 1S= Nf (16) 1. Ci , N Nmax (14) )(2S TCu 0 . TC . 2. (N 29 fS 29 , feff 30 . 6.5 p TC Up)(TC (19) . )()()(eff TpTpCufkCU = (19) kp(feff) feff t . TC t . 1 kp(feff) . I ISO 11222： 2006 9 1 GUM p f kp(f ) f kpp = 0.90 kpp = 0.95 kpp = 0.99 1 6.31 12.71 63.66 2 2.92 4.30 9.92 3 2.35 3.18 5.84 4 2
14、.13 2.78 4.60 5 2.01 2.57 4.03 6 1.94 2.45 3.71 7 1.90 2.36 3.50 8 1.86 2.31 3.36 9 1.83 2.26 3.25 10 1.81 2.23 3.17 20 1.72 2.09 2.85 30 1.70 2.04 2.75 100 1.66 2.025 2.626 feff 29 95 % TC U0.95)(TC (20) . feff 29 )(2)(95.0 TTCuCU = (20) 7. TC . T TC Ci . a) u )(TC TC , TC u )(TC / TC . feff . b) p
15、 Up)(TC TC , TC Up)(TC / TC . kp(feff) feff . c) uM)(TC TC , TC uM)(TC / TC . fM . d) )(S TCu TC , TC /)(S TTCCu . fS . Ci . TC Ci (random) I ISO 11222： 2006 10 TC Ci Ci TC T . I ISO 11222： 2006 11 A() A.1 A.1.1 ( ) . . A.1.2 2 . a) 25 , - . . b) 3 , CR u(CR) 4 g/m3( ) . A.1.3 2000 1 Bottrop monthC (3) N 692 Ci . monthC 38 g/m3A.1.4 monthC Ci . 2000 1 Nmax 744 N692 .
