1、 International Telecommunication Union ITU-T G.113TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU Amendment 1(03/2009) SERIES G: TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS International telephone connections and circuits General Recommendations on the transmission quality for an en
2、tire international telephone connection Transmission impairments due to speech processing Amendment 1: Revised Appendix IV Provisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor and the wideband packet loss robustness factor Recommendation ITU-T G.113 (2007) Amendment 1 ITU-T G-SER
3、IES RECOMMENDATIONS TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS AND MEDIA, DIGITAL SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CONNECTIONS AND CIRCUITS G.100G.199 Transmission planning and the E-model G.100G.109 General Recommendations on the transmission quality for an entire international telephone connection G.110G.11
4、9 General characteristics of national systems forming part of international connections G.120G.129 General characteristics of the 4-wire chain formed by the international circuits and national extension circuits G.130G.139 General characteristics of the 4-wire chain of international circuits; intern
5、ational transit G.140G.149 General characteristics of international telephone circuits and national extension circuits G.150G.159 Apparatus associated with long-distance telephone circuits G.160G.169 Transmission plan aspects of special circuits and connections using the international telephone conn
6、ection network G.170G.179 Protection and restoration of transmission systems G.180G.189 Software tools for transmission systems G.190G.199 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS COMMON TO ALL ANALOGUE CARRIER-TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS G.200G.299 INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON M
7、ETALLIC LINES G.300G.399 GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS OF INTERNATIONAL CARRIER TELEPHONE SYSTEMS ON RADIO-RELAY OR SATELLITE LINKS AND INTERCONNECTION WITH METALLIC LINES G.400G.449 COORDINATION OF RADIOTELEPHONY AND LINE TELEPHONY G.450G.499 TRANSMISSION MEDIA AND OPTICAL SYSTEMS CHARACTERISTICS G.600G.
8、699 DIGITAL TERMINAL EQUIPMENTS G.700G.799 DIGITAL NETWORKS G.800G.899 DIGITAL SECTIONS AND DIGITAL LINE SYSTEM G.900G.999 MULTIMEDIA QUALITY OF SERVICE AND PERFORMANCE GENERIC AND USER-RELATED ASPECTS G.1000G.1999 TRANSMISSION MEDIA CHARACTERISTICS G.6000G.6999 DATA OVER TRANSPORT GENERIC ASPECTS G
9、.7000G.7999 PACKET OVER TRANSPORT ASPECTS G.8000G.8999ACCESS NETWORKS G.9000G.9999 For further details, please refer to the list of ITU-T Recommendations. Rec. ITU-T G.113 (2007)/Amd.1 (03/2009) i Recommendation ITU-T G.113 Transmission impairments due to speech processing Amendment 1 Revised Append
10、ix IV Provisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor and the wideband packet loss robustness factor Summary Appendix IV to Recommendation ITU-T G.113 provides up-to-date information on available values of wideband equipment impairment factors, Ie,wb, and packet-loss robustn
11、ess factors, Bpl, wb for a number of codecs or codec families. These values are to be used on an extended transmission rating scale (R-scale), as defined in Recommendation ITU-T G.107. Source Amendment 1 to Recommendation ITU-T G.113 (2007) was agreed on 19 March 2009 by ITU-T Study Group 12 (2009-2
12、012). ii Rec. ITU-T G.113 (2007)/Amd.1 (03/2009) FOREWORD The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is the United Nations specialized agency in the field of telecommunications, information and communication technologies (ICTs). The ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T) is a perm
13、anent organ of ITU. ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing Recommendations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA), which meets every four years, establi
14、shes the topics for study by the ITU-T study groups which, in turn, produce Recommendations on these topics. The approval of ITU-T Recommendations is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSA Resolution 1. In some areas of information technology which fall within ITU-Ts purview, the necessary stand
15、ards are prepared on a collaborative basis with ISO and IEC. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration“ is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. Compliance with this Recommendation is voluntary. However, the Reco
16、mmendation may contain certain mandatory provisions (to ensure e.g. interoperability or applicability) and compliance with the Recommendation is achieved when all of these mandatory provisions are met. The words “shall“ or some other obligatory language such as “must“ and the negative equivalents ar
17、e used to express requirements. The use of such words does not suggest that compliance with the Recommendation is required of any party. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS ITU draws attention to the possibility that the practice or implementation of this Recommendation may involve the use of a claimed Int
18、ellectual Property Right. ITU takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of claimed Intellectual Property Rights, whether asserted by ITU members or others outside of the Recommendation development process. As of the date of approval of this Recommendation, ITU had received
19、 notice of intellectual property, protected by patents, which may be required to implement this Recommendation. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not represent the latest information and are therefore strongly urged to consult the TSB patent database at http:/www.itu.int/ITU-T/ipr/.
20、ITU 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, by any means whatsoever, without the prior written permission of ITU. Rec. ITU-T G.113 (2007)/Amd.1 (03/2009) 1 Recommendation ITU-T G.113 Transmission impairments due to speech processing Amendment 1 Revised Appendix IV Pr
21、ovisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor and the wideband packet loss robustness factor (This appendix does not form an integral part of this Recommendation) 1) Appendix IV Revise Appendix IV as follows: This appendix provides up-to-date information on available values
22、of wideband equipment impairment factors, Ie,wb, and packet loss robustness factors, Bpl, wb, for a number of codecs or codec families. It is intended to be updated regularly. These values are to be used on an extended transmission rating scale (R-scale) as it is defined in Appendix II of ITU-T G.10
23、7. Table IV.1 Provisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor, Ie,wb, for wideband codecs in a monotic listening context Codec type Reference Operating rate kbit/s Ie,wb value 64 13 56 20 ADPCM b-ITU-T G.722 48 31 32 13 Modifies lapped transform coding b-ITU-T G.722.1 24 19
24、23.85 8 23.05 1 19.85 3 18.25 5 15.85 7 14.25 10 12.65 13 8.85 26 CELP b-ITU-T G.722.2 6.6 41 Embedded logPCM b-ITU-T G.711.1, mode R2b 80 1 (A-law, -law) b-ITU-T G.711.1, mode R3 96 0 The Ie,wb values listed in Table IV.1 are mainly valid for a monotic listening context, i.e., when the users are as
25、sumed to be using handset-type telephones or monaural headsets. However, recent studies have shown that different values appear more appropriate in a diotic listening context, i.e., when users employ headsets or speakerphones. In this case, the values listed in Table IV.2 may lead to more realistic
26、quality estimations. 2 Rec. ITU-T G.113 (2007)/Amd.1 (03/2009) Table IV.2 Provisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor, Ie,wb, for wideband codecs when a diotic sound presentation is assumed Codec type Reference Operating rate kbit/s Ie,wb value (diotic) 64 5 56 10 ADPCM
27、b-ITU-T G.722 48 41 CELP b-ITU-T G.722.2 23.85 10 23.05 8 15.85 17 12.65 20 8.85 41 6.6 56 32 7 CELP with TDBWE and TDAC b-ITU-T G.729.1 24 16 Provisional planning values for the wideband equipment impairment factor, Ie,wb, for narrow-band codecs (downward-compatible to the narrow-band E-model) can
28、be derived based on the extension of the R-scale by the following procedure. Ie,wb values for NB codecs correspond to the sum of the Ie value defined for the NB case (see Appendix I) and the difference between the WB and the NB “direct“ channel, the latter having a position of 93.2 on the R-scale (s
29、tandard G.711 coding and normal noise floor): () 35.893.2129 +Ie=+Ie=wbIe,codecscodecs The application of Ie,wb values and their potential additivity is for further study. Based on new results, Appendix II of ITU-T G.107 has been updated to also include the effect of packet loss on the quality of wi
30、deband coded speech. For diotic listening and uniform packet loss, Table IV.3 lists a first set of wideband packet loss robustness factors Bpl,wb together with the corresponding Ie,wb values to be employed with Equation II-2 of ITU-T G.107 (2009) in this case. Note that no Bpl,wb values are currentl
31、y available for non-uniform loss or for packet loss and monotic sound presentation. Table IV.3 Provisional planning values for the wideband packet loss robustness factor, Bpl, wb, for wideband codecs when a diotic sound presentation is assumed Codec type Reference Operating rate kbit/s Ie,wb value (
32、diotic) Bpl,wb value (diotic) b-ITU-T G.722, high-quality PLC G.722, App. III (2006) 64 5 7.1 ADPCM b-ITU-T G.722, low-complexity PLC G.722, App. IV (2006) 64 5 5.1 CELP b-ITU-T G.722.2 23.85 10 4.9 23.05 8 4.6 12.65 20 4.3 Rec. ITU-T G.113 (2007)/Amd.1 (03/2009) 3 Table IV.3 Provisional planning va
33、lues for the wideband packet loss robustness factor, Bpl, wb, for wideband codecs when a diotic sound presentation is assumed Codec type Reference Operating rate kbit/s Ie,wb value (diotic) Bpl,wb value (diotic) 32 7 6.1 CELP with TDBWE and TDAC b-ITU-T G.729.1 24 16 7.3 NOTE Table IV.4 provides add
34、itional descriptive information on various low bit-rate wideband codecs. Table IV.4 Brief description of the low bit-rate codecs G.722 ITU-T Recommendation for 7 kHz audio coding within 64 kbit/s using sub-band adaptive differential pulse code modulation (SB-ADPCM) within a bit-rate of 64 kbit/s. G.
35、722.1 ITU-T Recommendation for low-complexity coding at 24 and 32 kbit/s for hands-free operation in systems with low frame loss. G.722.2 ITU-T Recommendation for wideband coding of speech at around 16 kbit/s using adaptive multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB). G.729.1 ITU-T Recommendation for embedded vari
36、able bit-rate scalable wideband coding at 8-32 kbit/s, bitstream interoperable with b-ITU-T G.729. 2) Bibliography Add the following Recommendations to the Bibliography: b-ITU-T G.722 Recommendation ITU-T G.722 (1988), 7 kHz audio-coding within 64 kbit/s. b-ITU-T G.711.1 Recommendation ITU-T G.711.1
37、 (2008), Wideband embedded extension for G.711 pulse code modulation. b-ITU-T G.722.1 Recommendation ITU-T G.722.1 (2003), Low-complexity coding at 24 and 32 kbit/s for hands-free operation in systems with low frame loss. b-ITU-T G.722.2 Recommendation ITU-T G.722.2 (2003), Wideband coding of speech
38、 at around 16 kbit/s using Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB). b-ITU-T G.729 Recommendation ITU-T G.729 (2007), Coding of speech at 8 kbit/s using conjugate-structure algebraic-code-excited-linear prediction (CS-ACELP). b-ITU-T G.729.1 Recommendation ITU-T G.729.1 (2006), G.729-based embedded var
39、iable bit-rate coder: An 8-32 kbit/s scalable wideband coder bitstream interoperable with G.729. Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 2009 SERIES OF ITU-T RECOMMENDATIONS Series A Organization of the work of ITU-T Series D General tariff principles Series E Overall network operation, telephone service, se
40、rvice operation and human factors Series F Non-telephone telecommunication services Series G Transmission systems and media, digital systems and networks Series H Audiovisual and multimedia systems Series I Integrated services digital network Series J Cable networks and transmission of television, s
41、ound programme and other multimedia signals Series K Protection against interference Series L Construction, installation and protection of cables and other elements of outside plant Series M Telecommunication management, including TMN and network maintenance Series N Maintenance: international sound
42、 programme and television transmission circuits Series O Specifications of measuring equipment Series P Terminals and subjective and objective assessment methods Series Q Switching and signalling Series R Telegraph transmission Series S Telegraph services terminal equipment Series T Terminals for te
43、lematic services Series U Telegraph switching Series V Data communication over the telephone network Series X Data networks, open system communications and security Series Y Global information infrastructure, Internet protocol aspects and next-generation networks Series Z Languages and general software aspects for telecommunication systems
