1、INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION ITU-T TELECOMMUNICATION STANDARDIZATION SECTOR OF ITU E.751 (02/96) TELEPHONE NETWORK AND ISDN QUALITY OF SERVICE, NETWORK MANAGEMENT AND TRAFFIC ENGINEERING REFERENCE CONNECTIONS FOR TRAFFIC ENGINEERING OF LAND MOBILE NETWORKS ITU-T Recommendation E.751 (Previo
2、usly “CCITT Recommendation“) ITU-T RECNN*E.751 7b 4Bb2591 Ob17394 18b = FOREWORD The ITU-T (Telecommunication Standardization Sector) is a permanent organ of the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The ITU-T is responsible for studying technical, operating and tariff questions and issuing R
3、ecommen- dations on them with a view to standardizing telecommunications on a worldwide basis. The World Telecommunication Standardization Conference (WTSC), which meets every four years, establishes the topics for study by the ITU-T Study Groups which, in their turn, produce Recommendations on thes
4、e topics. The approval of Recommendations by the Members of the -T is covered by the procedure laid down in WTSC Resolution No. 1 (Helsinki. March 1-12, 1993). ITU-T Recommendation E.751 was revised by ITU-T Study Group 2 (1993-1996) and was approved under the WTSC Resolution No. 1 procedure on the
5、19th of February 1996. NOTE In this Recommendation, the expression “Administration” is used for conciseness to indicate both a telecommunication administration and a recognized operating agency. 0 ITU 1996 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or
6、by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from the ITU. ITU-T RECflNxE.751 96 m 4862593 0617395 O32 D CONTENTS Objective and scope . References Abbreviations . Functional and physical architectures Reference architectures 5.1 Referenc
7、e architecture for interconnection of fixed and stand-alone mobile networks 5.2 Reference architecture for interconnection of mobile networks integrated with fixed networks . Existing and planned systems and reference architecture Reference connections 7.1 Reference connections for FPLMTS History An
8、nex A . Reference architecture for mobile-fixed interconnection with mobile switches integrated within the fixed network . Annex B . Hierarchical arrangement of mobile switching centre functions for the reference architecture of Figure 1 Annex C - Two-hop radio interface arrangement for the referenc
9、e architecture of Figure 2 . Recommendation E.751 (02/96) Page 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 6 6 6 6 8 9 10 i ITU-T RECMN*E.53 96 4862591 0637376 T57 SUMMARY This Recommendation provides some reference architectures for existing and future public land mobile telecommunication networks (PLMN) and also provides a hig
10、h level reference connection for Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS) call/connection setup. The primary purpose of the reference connection is to provide a basis for developing traffk Grade of Service (GOS) Recommendations for networks supporting mobile services. The underly
11、ing FPLMTS call flow model in the reference connection should be used as a basis for more implementation-specific configurations for detailed performance analysis and GOS target setting. 11 Recommendation E.751 (02/96) Recommendation E.751 REFERENCE CONNECTIONS FOR TRAFFIC ENGINEERING OF LAND MOBILE
12、 NETWORKS (revised in 1996) 1 Objective and scope This Recommendation provides some reference architectures for existing and future PLMN and also provides a high level reference connection for FPLMTS calikonnection setup. The primary purpose of the reference connection is to provide a basis for deve
13、loping traffic Grade of Service (GOS) Recommendations for networks supporting mobile services. The underlying FPLMTS call flow model in the reference connection should be used as a basis for more implementation-specific configurations for detailed performance analysis and GOS target setting. A mobil
14、e service is provided by means of a network which supports: 0 radio transmission; 0 switching; 0 mobility management functions. The elements which constitute the network may be owned and operated by one or more system operators. Likewise, mobile services may be provided by one or more service provid
15、ers. The type of network elements owned by each type of operator and the type of services provided by each service provider, may vary in different (national and/or commercial) frameworks. 2 References The following Recommendations and other references contain provisions which, through reference in t
16、his text, constitute provisions of this Recommendation. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All Recommendations and other references are subject to revision: all users of this Recommendation are therefore encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recen
17、t edition of the Recommendations and other references listed below. A list of the currently valid ITU-T Recommendations is regularly published. - CCLTT Recommendation E.201 (199 i), Reference Recommendation for mobile services. - CCLTT Recommendation E.723 (1992). Grade-ofservice parameters for Sign
18、alling System No. 7 networks. - -T Recommendation F.115 (1995), Service objectives and principles for future public land mobile telecommunication systems. - CCITT Recommendation Q. 1001( 1988), General aspects of public land mobile networks. - CC Recommendation Q. 1002 (1988), Networkfunctions. - CC
19、 Recommendation Q. 1003 (1988), Location registration procedures. - CC Recommendation Q. 1201 (1992). Principles of intelligent network architecture. - - IT-R Recommendation M.687-1, Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems (FPLMTS). -R Recommendation M.8 17, Future Public Land Mobile Tel
20、ecommunication Systems (FPLMTS) - Network architectures. Recommendation E.751 (02/96) 1 ITU-T RECMN*E*75L 96 48b2591 Ob17398 821 3 Abbreviations For the purposes of this Recommendation, the following abbreviations are used. BSS Base Station System CCF Call Control Function DB Database FPLMTS GOS Gra
21、de of Service Future Public Land Mobile Telecommunication Systems GSM IN Intelligent Network Global System for Mobile Communications ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network LEfl-E Local or Transit Exchange LES Land Earth Station MCPN Mobile Customer Premises Network MMF Mobility Management Function
22、s MSC Mobile Switching Centre NADC North American Digital Cellular PLMN Public Land Mobile Networks PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network SCF Service Control Function SCP Service Control Point SDF Service Data Function SSF Service Switching Function SSP Service Switching Point TE Terminal Equipment
23、 UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System UPT Universal Personal Telecommunication 4 Functional and physical architectures Whereas existing PLMNs tend to use physical architectures to indicate the interconnection of various subsystems, FPLMTS uses an IN-based functional architecture to indicat
24、e the relationship between various functional entities to support the mobile services. The key LN functions involved in such functional architectures include the SSFKCF, SCF and SDF where these functions are defined in Recommendation Q.1201. For FPLMTS. these functional elements will support such fe
25、atures as registration, paging, location tracking as well as basic call and connection control and radio resource management. Further, the above functions will have to be mapped onto a range of physical elements for specific implementations. One possible mapping used in this Recommendation is shown
26、in Table 1. 2 Recommendation E.751 (OU96) ITU-T RECMN*E.751 96 4862591 Ob17399 7bA = Functionai element SSFKCF TABLE 1E.751 Possible mapping of functional elements onto physical elements Physical element MSUSSP SCF SDF SCP DB CCAF(R) BSS I 5 Reference architectures 5.1 Reference architecture for int
27、erconnection of fixed and stand-alone mobile networks This subclause provides some example reference architectures for interconnecting public land mobile networks to fixed (PSTNASDN) networks. A reference architecture for the case of a stand-alone mobile network is given in Figure 1. This reference
28、architecture considers interaction between functions inthe land mobile and the fixed domains. The land mobile domain may be terrestrial or satellite based. It is envisaged that FPLMTS will be implemented either as stand-alone systems providing all required terminal mobility functions or as a system
29、integrated with the fixed (PSTNASDN) network where some of the terminal mobility functions are implemented in the fixed network. Within this reference architecture traffk engineering is concerned with traffic flows (in the user as well as in the control plane) across the teletraffk interfaces in the
30、 land mobile domain and the interface A between the mobile and the fixed network domain. In Figure 1, within the land mobile domain, the common equipment units perform the following functions: s o Mobile Switching Centre (MSC): all the switching functions to its particular area (MSC area); Mobility
31、Management Function (MMF): the handover and location registration functions for mobile terminal equipments (TES) in the MSC area; Base Station System (BSS): radio transmission and radio channel control. Note that BSS may include several radio equipments under the supervision of one controller equipm
32、ent; Database (DB): storage for user data (service and mobility management). As a variation of the reference architecture in Figure 1, the boundary between the mobile switching centre and the transit network (PSTNASDN) may only be logical. This variation is represented in Annex A. Depending on the m
33、obility behaviour of the users and the radio coverage architectures (terrestrial or satellite based), a partitioning of the mobile switching centre functions into more sophisticated arrangements than those in Figure 1 may be envisaged. An example of hierarchical arrangement is shown in Annex B. 5.2
34、An architecture which envisages integration of mobile and fixed network functions and operation is shown in Figure 2. In Figure 2, MSC/SSP, SCP and DB are specialized units handling respectively switching, mobility management and control and database functions. Note that the boundary between land mo
35、bile and fixed domain lies between BSS and MSWSSP; this involves an adequate characterization of the traffk processes relevant to the engineering of the fixed network. Reference architecture for interconnection of mobile networks integrated with fixed networks Recommendation E.751 (02J96) 3 ITU-T RE
36、CMN*E*753 96 = 4862593 Ob37400 20T . I MSC - - . .:s*m Signalling . Functionality JOTE - Information and signallhg f Mic f& through the interface. L . I Land Mobile Domain Transit Network (PSTiWISDN) Sigrrailing Fixed Domain u A BSS DB LES MMF MSC TE user Teleiraff ic Intetface between mabile and fi
37、xed network domain Base Statim System Database Land Eartti Station Mobility Management Functions Mobile Switching Centre TerMnal Equlpmt Onginatietminating user NOTES 1 2 domain. MMF can be contained in the MSC or operated separately. In some cases no protocol adaptation functions are required betwe
38、en the signalling functionality in the mobile and in the fixed FIGURE 1E.751 Reference architecture for separate mobile and fixed networks, and mobile originaWterminated circuit-switched services 4 Recommendation E.751 (02/96) ITU-T RECMN*E.751 96 4862591 Ob17401 146 W YY - NOTE - IrdmiW and Sigiall
39、irig traff IC flow through the radio interface. i Land Mobile Dorriain Fixed Domain . Logical relationship User piane traffic ,y.%xx S.S. Slgrdiing No. 7 Land Mobile Domain Fixed Domain i- . Logical relationship User piane traffic -*w*-%- Caitrd plane traffic A BSS DB LVTE LES MCPN MSC SCP TE user T
40、eletraffic interface between land mobile and fed network domain Base statim cystem Database Local or Transit Exchange Land Earth Station Mobile Customer Premkes Nehivork Mobile Swikhing Centre Seivice Control Point Terminal Equipment (mobile station) OriginatinTerminating usw NOTE - SCP provides ser
41、vice data function (processin& FIGURE C.lE.751 Reference architechire for integrated mobile and fured networks with two-hop mio interface arrangement ad circuit-switche services NOTE - A Mobile Customer Premises Network (MCPN) is a subnetwork in a mobile vehicle (e.g. train, ship, car, etc.). Thus MCPNs involve radio interfaces at both the terminal and the network side. 10 Recommendation E.751 (02/96) ITU-T RECMN*E*751 Yb 4862591 0617407 664 *7206* Printed in Switzerland Geneva, 1996
