1、GUIDE FOR LOW-SMOKE, HALOGEN-FREE (UHF) POLYMERIC CABLE JACKETS KEA Publication T-33-655 - 1994 1994 By INSULATED CABLE ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION, INC. FOREWORD ICEA publications are adopted in the public interest and are designed to eliminate misunderstanding between the manufacturer and user in select
2、ing and obtaining proper products for his particular need. The user of this publication is cautioned to observe any health or safety regulations and rules relative to the manufacture and use of cable covered by this document. This guide does not indicate or suggest that the jacket materials selected
3、 using the requirements indicated will be less hazardous than other cable jackets or will prevent fire spread and smoke generation under all fire scenarios. This guide does not state or imply that halogen containing materials are inferior or necessarily hazardous in any conditions including fires. I
4、n fact, most common halogen containing cable jacket materials have exceptional combinations of physical properties, mechanical performance, and fire retardancy . Under some specific methods of measuring smoke and corrosive gas generation, these test methods have indicated that the halogen-free mater
5、ials generate less smoke and corrosive gases when compared to many halogen containing materiais. Some of these test methods are used in the combustion requirements of this guide, but they are not suggested as ultimately the best methods for determining fire performance. It is up to the user of the c
6、able to determine the performance criteria of the application and match them appropriately to the requirements of the overall cable design, not just the cable jacket. Suggestions for improvements in this publication are welcome, and should be sent to ICEA at the address below. Copyrighted by the ICE
7、A Contents may not be reproduced in any form without permission of the INSULATED CABLE ENGINEERS ASSOCIATION, Inc. Copies of the publication may be obtained from: Insulated Cable Engineers Association, Inc. Post Office Box 440 South Yarmouth, Massachusetts 02664 Telephone: (508) 394-4424 i - ICEA T-
8、33-655 74 = 7007014 0001094 929 TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword . Definitions . Scope . Background .2 Suggested Requirements . 2 Suggested Uses .3 Physical Requirements . .5 Table II Mechanical Requirements .6 Table III Material Combustion Requirements .7 Table I 11 ICEA T-33-655 94 90070L4 OOOLO5 Ab5 IC
9、EA Publication T-33-655 Page 1 GUIDE FOR LOW-SMOKE, HALOGEN-FREE (LSKF) POLYMERIC CABLE JACKETS 1.0 scope This guide provides a list of requirements which may be used for selecting and specifying low-smoke, halogen-free (LSHF) polymeric cable jackets. These requirements may be used in conjunction wi
10、th other ICEA published cable specifications in development of a complete set of requirements for optical and electrical cable of various types. Other materials in the cable design may affect the smoke generation and halogen content of the cable design. The user should note this in determining the o
11、verall material design criteria of the cable. 2.0 Definitions The following definitions apply to this guide. 2.1 Low Smoke The term low smoke as it is used in this guide is applied to materials which meet the combustion requirements in Table III. 2.2 Halogen-Free Halogen-free as it is used in this g
12、uide is applied to materials having less than 0.2 96 by weight of any halogen as determined using the test methods indicated in Table III. It is the intent of this guide that no halogenated materials are added to the jacket formulations and the 0.2% limit is the practical limit for measurement accur
13、acy. A halogen is an atomic element of group number VIIa of the periodic table. The most commonly occurring halogens in cable jacket materials have been fluorine, chlorine, and bromine. 2.3 Thermoplastic A high polymer that softens when exposed to heat and returns to its original condition when cool
14、ed to room temperature. 2.4 Thermoset A high polymer that solidifies or Isets“ irreversibly when heated. This property is usually associated with a crosslinking reaction of the molecular constituents induced by heat, radiation, or moisture. ICEA Publication T-33-655 3.0 4.0 4.1 4.2 Page 2 Background
15、 There are cable applications where consideration of the cable combustion performance should include not only the potential for fire propagation, but also the potential for damage due to generation of smoke and acid gases. These applications include, but are not limited to, cable used in transit tun
16、nels, on ships, or various enclosed locations where the potential for harm to people and equipment can occur if hazardous chemicals are released. Ideally, cables should be tested and rated for overall fire hazard performance, but no such test methods and associated design criteria have been agreed u
17、pon within the fire science community or electrical cable industry, In lieu of such hazard performance tests, users and specifiers of cable have adopted a variety of tests for cable materials and created requirements for composition of individual materials used in cable constructions. Full cable con
18、structions include various components: metal conductors, insulation, coated optical fibers, buffer tubes, fillers, metal tapes or shields, jackets, etc. The primary components of importance relative to combustion are the insulation or buffer tubes and jacket. Halogen-free materials have in some inst
19、ances been used for the insulation, but the primary focus has been on the jacket materials since they are the materials that can tolerate higher levels of flame retardants and are the first material exposed to bum in the event of a fire. The use of a halogen free jacket in no way implies that the ca
20、ble construction utilizing this material is also halogen free. Because of the expanding demand among cable users to have a set of requirements for low-smoke, halogen-free cable jackets, this guide was developed to state a set of requirements for combustion performance along with requirements for mec
21、hanical performance and physical properties. Suggested Requirements The jackets are categorized into four (4) material types as listed in 4.1 and the requirements for each type are given in 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 4.5. Material Types The four material types are: i) Thermoplastic Type I ii) iii) Thermoset
22、Type I iv) Thermoplastic Type II (indoor communication) Thermoset Type II (moisture resistant) Suggested Physical Requirements The physical requirements are givei. in Table I. ICEA T-33-655 94 7007014 0001097 638 ICEA Publication T-33-655 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Page 3 Suggested Mechanical Requi
23、rements The mechanical requirements are given in Table II. Suggested Combustion Requirements The combustion requirements are given in Table III. Suggested Flammability Requirement It is the intent of this guide that cables employing low smoke, halogen-free jackets maintain an acceptable level of fla
24、me retardancy. Therefore, all completed cable constructions employing UHF jackets must pass the applicable flame test of the corresponding ICEA cable design. Suggested Uses As has been stated earlier in this guide, it is important that the user apply these requirements with thorough knowledge of the
25、 performance needed by the cable in use. Different sets of requirements are given for each material type and may be generally used as suggested below. It is suggested that the overall cable design requirements be determined from the applicable ICEA documents along with this guide. Uses of Thermoplas
26、tic Type I Low-Smoke, Halogen-Free Jacket Material The thermoplastic Type I jacket may be used on a wide variety of cable constructions. It may be used with low and medium voltage insulated conductors as specified in ICEA specifications S-19-81, S-61-402, S-66-524, S-68-5 16, S-73-532, S-82-552 or S
27、-75-381. Uses of Thermoplastic Type II (Indoor Communication) Low-Smoke, Halogen-Free Jacket Material The thermoplastic Type II (indoor communication) jacket may be used on optical fiber or copper telecommunications cables specified in ICEA Specifications S-80-576 or S-83- 596. Uses of Thermoset Typ
28、e I Low-Smoke, Halogen-Free Jacket Material The thermoset Type I jacket may be used on a wide variety of cable constructions. It may be used with low and medium voltage insulated conductors as specified in ICEA specifications S-19-81, S-61-402, S-66-524, S-68-516, S-73-532, S-82-552 or S-75-381. The
29、 suggested physical requirements for Types I and II thermoset jackets are more stringent than Type I and Type II thermoplastic jackets. ICEA T-33-655 94 9007034 OOOLO7 574 ICEA Publication T-33-655 Page 4 Thermoplastic Thennoset Type I Type I or Type II 5.4 5.5 Test Method Uses of Thermoset Type II
30、(Moisture Resistant) Low-Smoke, Halogen- Jacket Material 4 70 60 60 The thermoset Type II jacket may be used on the same cable constructions as the thermoset Type I jacket, but is preferred where exposure to wet environments may mur. For certain applications, to ensure performance of Type II thermos
31、et jackets in a humid environment, accelerated thermal humid aging tests at elevated temperatures may be required. However, the methodology of these tests are beyond the scope of this document. 18 ICEA S-68-516 121 50 50 Optional Oil Resistance Oil resistance is not an inherent property of the full
32、range of UHF jackets which are within the scope of this guide. Therefore, should the environment include exposure to oils, then the following optional oil aging requirements are suggested. Oil (ASTM D471#2) Aged Tensile Properties Immersion Conditions Time (hrs.) Temp (“C) Tensile Strength, min. (96 Reained) Elongation at Rupture, min. % Retained) c u W 2 Y 44 ww 22 44 WW 22 * * “8 io o 53- t- 4-4 22 44 22 W ICEA T-33-655 94 9007014 O001100 T52 w Us U w 2 2 2 c z z II U r- I m T b ICEA T-33-b55 94 9007034 OOOLLOL 999 m
