1、Stl SODQflaO DQ GOD BWCP (Qtot3HKgHE(SiECS0 Ifflriljrfft-flT wiHifcgfF Hrffe QpnfJfiiTgyrffiy ga?BBfifflgB=anag) OfflGa/ODgfite Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-
2、,-,OAC, ? .s *T-N. v. ) Doc 9861 AN/460 Manual on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority First Edition 2009 International Civil Aviation Organization Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license
3、with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION 999 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 For ordering information and for a
4、complete listing of sales agents and booksellers, please go to the ICAO website at www.icao.int First edition 2009 ICAO Doc 9861, Manual on the Universal Access Receiver (UAT) Order Number: 9861 ISBN 978-92-9231-297-8 ICAO 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stor
5、ed in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, without prior permission in writing from the International Civil Aviation Organization. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitte
6、d without license from IHS-,-,-AMENDMENTS Amendments are announced in the supplements to the Catalogue of /CAO Publications; the Catalogue and its supplements are available on the ICAO website at www icao int. The space below is provided to keep a record of such amendments. RECORD OF AMENDMENTS AND
7、CORRIGENDA CORRIGENDA No Date Entered by AMENDMENTS No Date Entered by - (hi) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORD The universal access transceiver (UAT)
8、is a wideband broadcast data link operating on 978 MHz with a channel modulation rate of just over 1 Mbps. By design, UAT supports multiple broadcast services, including flightJnformation services (FIS-B) and traffic information services (TIS-B), in addition to automatic dependent surveillance broad
9、cast (ADS-B). This is accomplished using a hybrid medium access approach that incorporates both time-slotted and random unslotted access. By virtue of its waveform, modulation rate, precise time reference and message-starting discipline, UAT can also support independent measurement of range to most
10、other participants in the medium. There are two basic types of broadcast transmissions or messages on the UAT channel: the UAT ADS-B message and the UAT ground uplink message. The UAT ADS-B message is broadcast by an aircraft to convey its state vector 215 11 “MESSAGE DATA BLOCK TYPE CODE“ field enc
11、oding Definition of the “MESSAGE DATA BLOCK TYPE CODE“ field encoding that shall be used for all UAT ADS-B messages is provided in Table I-2-2 Note The “MESSAGE DATA BLOCK TYPE CODE“ field is a 5-bit (bit 1 of byte 1 through bit 5 of byte 1) field used to identify the message data block for decoding
12、 by the receiver 2 15 12 “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ field encoding Definition of the “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ field encoding that shall be used for all UAT ADS-B messages is provided in Table I-2-4 Note The “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ field is a 3-bit (bit 6 of byte 1 through bit 8 of byte 1) field used to indicate wha
13、t the 24-bit “ADDRESS“ field represents 2 15 13 “ADDRESS“ field encoding The meaning of the “ADDRESS“ field shall depend on the “ADDRESS-QUALIFIER“ field as described in 2 1 5 1 3 1 through 2 15 13 6 Note The “ADDRESS“ field is a 24-bit (bit 1 of byte 2 through bit 8 of byte 4) field used in conjunc
14、tion with the “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ field to identify the participant Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Part / Detailed Technical Specifications Chapter 2 UAT Mes
15、sage Data Blocks 1-2-5 Table 1-2-4. “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ encoding Address qualifier (binary) Bit 6 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 Bit 7 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 Bit8 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Address qualifier (decimal) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Address type ICAO 24-bit aircraft address of the aircraft broadcasting the UAT ADS-B message Reserv
16、ed for national use ICAO 24-bit aircraft address being broadcast in a UAT ADS-B message by a ground station (TIS-B) Address other than ICAO 24-bit aircraft address being broadcast in a UAT ADS-B message by a ground station (TIS-B) Vehicle address Fixed ADS-B beacon address Reserved Reserved Referenc
17、e 215131 215132 215133 215134 215135 215136 Note Address qualifier values 6 and 7 are reserved for future definition 2 15 131 ICAO 24-bit aircraft address of transmitting aircraft An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of ZERO (binary 000) shall indicate that the message is a UAT ADS-B message from an aircraf
18、t and that the “ADDRESS“ field contains the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address that has been assigned to that particular aircraft The ICAO aircraft address shall be stored (or “latched“) in the UAT transmitting subsystem upon power up When using an “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of ZERO (binary 000), the UAT A
19、DS-B transmitting subsystem shall not transmit UAT ADS-B messages and shall declare a device failure in the event that its own ICAO 24-brt aircraft address is unavailable or invalid, including addresses set to all “ZEROs“ or all “ONEs“ Note The worldwide scheme for the allocation, assignment and app
20、lication of the ICAO 24-bit aircraft addresses is contained in Annex 10 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Aeronautical Telecommunications), Volume III, Part I, Chapter 9 2 15 13 2 Reserved for national use An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of ONE (binary 001) is reserved for national use
21、 It shall not be used when the “receiving ATC services flag“ (2 1 54 15 3) is set to ONE, indicating that the aircraft originating the UAT ADS-B message is under air traffic control In the event that the “receiving ATC services flag“ is set to ONE and the “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value is set to ONE, the
22、 UAT ADS-B transmitting subsystem shall set the “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ field to ZERO and transmit UAT ADS-B messages using the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address of the transmitting aircraft in the “ADDRESS“ field Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot
23、for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1-2-6 Manual on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) Note Caution should be exercised since the use of such a value could indicate that the “ADDRESS“ field may hold a self-assigned temporary 24-bit address of the transm
24、itting aircraft, rather than the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address 21513 3 ICAO 24-bit aircraft address of TIS-B target aircraft An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of TWO (binary 010) shall be used by a UAT ground station providing TIS-B uplinks in the UAT ADS-B message format to indicate that the message is f
25、or a TIS-B target and the “ADDRESS“ field holds the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address that has been assigned to the target aircraft being described in the message Note The worldwide scheme for the allocation, assignment and application of the ICAO 24-bit aircraft addresses is contained in Annex 10, Volum
26、e III, Part I, Chapter 9 2 15 13 4 TIS-B track file identifier An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value THREE (binary 011) shall be used by a UAT ground station providing TIS-B in the UAT ADS-B message format to indicate that the message has been generated by a ground station for a TIS-B target and that the “AD
27、DRESS“ field holds a 24-bit TIS-B track file identifier by which the TIS-B data source identifies the target aircraft being descnbed in the message Note Track file identifiers for those TIS-B targets for which the ICAO 24-bit aircraft address is unknown are assigned on a national basis 2 15 13 5 Veh
28、icle address An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of FOUR (binary 100) shall be used by the UAT transmitting subsystem of a vehicle to indicate that the “ADDRESS“ field holds a 24-btt address of a vehicle authorized to transmit UAT ADS-B messages Note UAT ADS-B vehicle addresses are assigned on a national b
29、asis It is recommended that a State assign 24-bit addresses to vehicles from its allocated address block 2 15 13 6 Fixed ADS-B beacon address An “ADDRESS QUALIFIER“ value of FIVE (binary 101) shall be used to indicate that the “ADDRESS“ field holds a 24-bit address assigned to a fixed UAT ADS-B beac
30、on or “parrot“ Note UAT ADS-B beacon addresses are assigned on a national basis It is recommended that a State assign 24-bit addresses to UAT ADS-B beacons from its allocated address block 2 15 2 STATE VECTOR element for ADS-B (Address qualifiers of 0, 1,4 and 5) The format for the STATE VECTOR elem
31、ent shall be as defined in Table I-2-5 This encoding shall apply to UAT ADS-B messages with MESSAGE DATA BLOCK TYPE CODES of “0“ through “10,“ when the ADDRESS QUALIFIER value is “0,“1,“4“or“5“ Note Each of the fields shown is defined in 2 1 52 1 through 2 1529 Copyright International Civil Aviation
32、 Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Part I. Detailed Technical Specifications Chapter 2. UAT Message Data Blocks 1-2-7 Table 1-2-5. Format of STATE VECTOR element MDB byten 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
33、 16 17 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 4 Bit 5 Bit 6 Bit 7 Bit 8 (MSB) (MSB) (MSB) A/G STATE LATITUDE (WGS-84) LONGITUDE (WGS-84) ALTITUDE (LSB) Reserved (MSB) HORIZONTAL VELOCIT (LSB) (LSB) NIC r VERTICAL VELOCITY or A/V LENGTH/WIDTH CODE UTC (MSB) Altitude type (LSB) Reserved 2.1.5.2.1- “LATITUDE“and “LONGI
34、TUDE“ field encoding 2.1.5.2.1.1 The “LATITUDE“ field is a 23-bit (bit 1 of byte 5 through bit 7 of byte 7) field used to encode the latitude provided to the UAT ADS-B transmitting subsystem in conformance with WGS-84 and shall be encoded as indicated in Table I-2-6. 2.1.5.2.1.2 The “LONGITUDE“ fiel
35、d is a 24-bit (bit 8 of byte 7 through bit 7 of byte 10) field used to encode the longitude provided to the UAT ADS-B transmitting subsystem in conformance with WGS-84 and shall be encoded as indicated in Table 1-2-6. 2.1.5.2.1.3 The encoding of ALL ZEROs in the “LATITUDE“ and “LONGITUDE“ and “NIC“
36、(2.1.5.2.4) fields shall indicate that latitude/longitude information is “unavailable.“ Note 1. Figure 1-2-2 contains the angular weighted binary encoding of latitude and longitude. Note 2. Since the encoding of ALL ZEROs is a valid location on the Earth, UAT receiving subsystems will interpret this
37、 as latitude/longitude information “unavailable“ only if the NIC field is also set to ZERO. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1-2-8 Manual on the Universal Acce
38、ss Transceiver (UAT) Table 1-2-6. Angular weighted binary encoding of latitude and longitude Quadrant First quadrant Second quadrant Third quadrant Fourth quadrant “LATITUDE“ or “LONGITUDE“ bits MSB LSB 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 . 0011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 0100
39、0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 . 0111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 1011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001 . 111111111111111111111111 Meaning LSB = = 2 1457672x10_5 224 L
40、atitude ZERO degrees (equator) LSB degrees north . (90-LSB) degrees north 90 degrees (North Pole) 90 degrees (South Pole) (90-LSB) degrees south . LSB degrees south Longitude ZERO degrees (pnme mendian) LSB degrees east . (90-LSB) degrees east 90 degrees east (90+LSB) degrees east . (180-LSB) degree
41、s east 180 degrees east or west (180-LSB) degrees west (90+LSB) degrees west 90 degrees west (90-LSB) degrees west LSB degrees west Note The most significant bit (MSB) of the angular weighted binary “LATITUDE“ is omitted from the transmitted message This is because all valid latitudes, other than th
42、e latitude of the North Pole (exactly 90 degrees north), have the same value in their two most significant bits The application using the ADS-B reports has the responsibility to differentiate the North and South Poles Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license
43、with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Part I. Detailed Technical Specifications Chapter 2. UA T Message Data Blocks 1-2-9 North Pole. 0100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 Latitude Encoding Values from 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 to 0100 0000 0000 0000
44、 0000 0000 and from 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 to 111111111111111111111111 f Second / quadrant / 4 9 i * Third x quadrant N. First quadrant Equator V 0000 0000 000Q 0000 0000 0000 Fourth / quadrant / South Pole. 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 90 degrees east 0100 00000000 0000 0000 0000 180 degree
45、s E = 180 degrees west-1000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0 degrees east: 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 90 degrees west 1100 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 Longitude Encoding Values from 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 to 111111111111111111111111 Figure 1-2-2. Angular weighted binary encoding of latitude and lon
46、gitude Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-1-2-10 Manual on the Universal Access Transceiver (UAT) 2.1.5.2.2 “ALTITUDE TYPE“ field encoding 2.1.5.2.2.1 The “ALTIT
47、UDE TYPE“ field is a 1-bit (bit 8 of byte 10) field used to identify the source of information in the “ALTITUDE“ field and shall be encoded as reflected in Table I-2-7. Table I-2-7. “ALTITUDE TYPE“ encoding Altitude type 0 1 “ALTITUDE“ field (2.1.5.2.3) Pressure altitude Geometric altitude “SECONDAR
48、Y ALTITUDE“ field (2.1.5.5.1) Geometric altitude Pressure altitude Note. “Pressure altitude“ refers to “barometric pressure altitude“ relative to a standard atmosphere at a standard pressure of 1 013.25 hectopascals (29.92 inches of mercury) and specifically does not refer to “barometric corrected altitude“. 2.1.5.2.2.2 A means shall be provided to operationally inhibit the broadcast of pressure-altitude information, making it unavailable for transmission. 2 1.5.2.2.3 A means shall be provided to operationally select the p
