1、STOLPORT MANUAL Second Edition - 1991 CORRIGENDUM 1. Please replace existing pages 25,26 and 28 with the attached pages 25,26 and 28. 2. Record entry of this corrigendum on page (ii). Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduc
2、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-DOC 9150-AK/899 STOLPORT MANUAL SECOND EDITION - 1991 Approved by the Secretary General and published under his authority INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under licens
3、e with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Published in separate English, French, Russian and Spanish editions by the International Civil Aviation Organization. AN correspondence, except orders and subscriptions, should be addressed to the Secretary G
4、eneral. 1 Orders for this publication should be sent to one of the following addresses, together with the appropriate remittance (by bank draft or post office money order) in U.S. dollars or the currency of the country in which the order is placed. Document Sales Unit International Civil Aviation Or
5、ganization loo0 Sherbrooke Street West, Suite 400 Montreal, Quebec Canada H3A 2R2 Egypt. ICAO Representative, Middle East Office, 9 Sbagaret El Dorr Street, France. Representant de lOACI, Bureau Europe, 3 bis, villa Emile-Bergerat, India. Oxford Book and Stationery Co., Scindia House, New Delhi Japa
6、n. Japan Civil Aviation Promotion Foundation, 15-12, 1-chome, Toranomon, Kenya. ICAO Representative, Eastern and Southern African Office, United Nations Mexico. Representante de la OACI. Oficina Norteamtrica, CentroamCrica y Caribe, Peru. Representante de la OACI, Oficina Sudamkrica, Apartado 4127,
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9、 GL50 2BN. The Catalogue of ICAO Publications Issued annually, the Catalogue lists all publications currently available. Monthly supplements announce new publications, amendments, supplements, reprints, etc. Available free from the Document Sales Unit, ICAO Copyright International Civil Aviation Org
10、anization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Stolport Manual (DOC 915Q=AN/899) Second Editien - 1991 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reprod
11、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9150 * 48414Lb 0030705 143 AMENDMENTS The issue of amendments is announced in the ICAO Journal and in the monthly supplements to the Catalogue of ICAO Publications, which holders of this publication should consult. These amendments are a
12、vailable free upon request. No. Date Entered by . . .- I I I . I + (ii) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Foreword This manual provides guidance for the planning
13、and establishellt of stolports, unique airports designed to serve aeroplanes that have exceptional short-field performance capabilities. While “stolport” and “STOL aircraft” have not been precisely defined by ICAO, it is recogrrized that the capability of certain aeroplanes to operate safely in area
14、s constrained by limited space, restricted terrain or both, offers economic and social advantages provided there are dedicated airports available. A stolport is an airport whose physical characteristics, visllitl and non-visual aids and total infrastructure are created to support safe and effective
15、public air transport in and out of densely populated urban areas as well as to and from rural areas with difficult terrain. As no Standards or Recommended Practices for stolports exist in any of the ICAO Annexes, this manual covers all the aircraft operating aspects of stolports except non-visual na
16、vigation aids. The airport terminal building and groundside operations are not addressed. The material in this manual is based on adaptations of cowentional airport practices and on the experience of States that have operated stolports or complete STOL systems. It should, however, be noted that stol
17、port specifications included herein are not applicable to altiports which are constructed in mountainous regions, though some of the STOL aircraft in use today are designed to operate from altiports. An altiport may be defined as a small airport in a mountainous area with a steep gradient runway, us
18、ed for landing up the slope and for take-off down the slope, thereby making use of onIy one approachldeparture area. On the other hand, the Iongitudinal slope of a STOL runway is flatter than even that prescribed for a runway designed for the operation of conventional aircraft and generalIy has appr
19、oach/ departure areas at both ends of the runway. Contemporary “short-field” aeroplanes fall into a rather narrow range with respect to size and performance. The guidance in this manuaI caters to that fact. The future of civil STOL aircraft development is uncertain, but should progress in this area
20、lead to larger aeroplanes, a revision of some of the material in this manual will be required. It is intended that the manual be kept up to date. Future editions will be improved on the basis of experience gained and of comments and suggestions received from users of this manual. Therefore, readers
21、are invited to give their views, comments, and suggestions on this edition. These should be directed to the Secretary General of ICAO. (iii) Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licens
22、e from IHS-,-f . ICAO 9150 tf m 48414Lb 0030707 TLb m Table of Contents Chapter 1 . General . 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Applicability 1.3 Site selection . Chapter 2 . Stolport data 2.1 General Chapter 3 . Physical characteristics . 3.1 General 3.2 Runways . 3.2.1 Number and orientation of runways 3.2.2 R
23、unway length 3.2.3 Stopways and clearways 3.2.4 Runway width 3.2.5 Longitudinal and transverse 3.2.6 Strength of runways . 3.2.7 Surface of runways slopes 3.3 Runway strips 3.3.1 General 3.3.2 Runway strip width and length . 3.3.3 Graded areas . 3.3.4 Longitudinal and transverse slopes of runway str
24、ips 3.3.5 Objects on runway strips . 3.4 Taxiways . 3.4.1 General 3.5 Aprons 3.5.1 General 3.5.2 Size of aprons Page 1 3 3 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 3.5.3 Strength of aprons 3.5.4 Slopes of aprons Chapter 4 . Obstacle Limitation Surfaces 4.1 General 4.2 Take-off and approach surfaces . 4.2.1
25、 General 4.2.2 Take-off and approach surface boundaries . 4.2.3 Take-off and approach surfacedslopes 4.2.4 Dimensions of take-off and approach surfaces . 4.3 Transitional surfaces . 4.3.1 General 4.3.2 Characteristics of a transitionaI surface . 4.4 Inner horizontal surfaces . 4.4.1 General 4.4.2 Ch
26、aracteristics of an inner horizontaI surface . Chapter 5 . Visual Aids for Navigation 5.1 General 5.2 Markings. general . 5.3 Runway markings . 5.3.1 Stolport designation marking . 5.3.3 Runway designation marking . 5.3.4 Runway centre line marking 5.3.5 Runway side stripe marking 5.3.6 Touchdown zo
27、ne marking 5.3.7 Runway exit marking 5.3.2 Threshold marking Page 8 8 10 10 10 10 10 12 12 12 12 12 13 13 13 14 14 14 14 14 14 14 17 17 17 17 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen
28、se from IHS-,-ICAO 9150 * 4B4l14Lb 0030708 952 5.4 Taxiway marking 5.5 Wind direction indicator . 5.6 Stolport lighting 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 5.6.4 5.6.5 5.6.6 5.6.7 5.6.8 5.6.9 5.6.10 5.6.11 5.6.12 5.6.13 5.6.14 5.6.15 5.6.16 5.6.17 5.6.18 5.7 Signs 5.7.1 5.7.2 5.7.3 General Dangerous and confusing lig
29、hts . Light fixtures and supporting structures Light intensity and control . StoIport beacon . Approach lighting system Visual approach slope indicator system . Runway lead-in lights Runway threshold identification lights Runway edge lights Runway threshod Gghts . DispIaced runway threshold lights .
30、 Combined runway theshold and runway end lights . Stopway lights Runway touchdown zone lights . Aircraft controI of Iighting . Runway end lights Taxiway and apron lighting General Mandatory instruction signs . Information signs . 5.8 Markers 5.8.1 General 5.8.2 Unpaved runway edge markers . . 5.8.3
31、Edge markers for snaw covered runways 5.8.4 Unpaved taxiway edge markers . Page 17 17 17 17 21 21 21 21 21 22 24 24 24 27 27 21. 27 27 27 29 29 29 29 29 30 30 30 30 30 30 Chapter 6 . Visual Aids for Denoting Objects 6.1 Objects to be marked and lighted . 6.2 Marking and lighting of objects . Chapter
32、 7 . Visual Aids for Denoting Restricted Use Areas 7.1 Cfosed runway and taxiway marking 7.2 Unserviceable-area marking . 7.3 Movement area unserviceability lighting . . 7.4 Pre-threshold area 7.5, Non load-bearing surface marking . Chapter- 8 . Equipment and Installations . 8 .I Secondary power sup
33、ply 8-2 Monitoring 8.3 Fenchg . . . g.4 Siting and construction of equipmennt and installations on operational areas . 8.5 Stolport vehicle operation Chapter 9 . Emergency and Other Services. . 9.1. Stolport emergency planning 9.2 Rescue and fire fighting . 9.3 Disabled aircraft remova 1 9.4 Mainten
34、ance . . 9.5 Bird hazard control . 9.6 Apron management service . . Appendix A . Definitions . Appendix B . Aeroplane types . Bibliography Page 31 31 31 32 32 32 32 32 32 34 34 34- 34 34 35 36 36 36- 36 36 37 37 39 41 44 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under licen
35、se with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Chapter 1 General 1.1 INFRODUCXION operations. However, in order to provide operational flexibility, when it is intended that a stolport be provided I. 1.1 This manual provides general guidance on with a pre
36、cision approach, that stolport should be designed stolport site selection, physid characteristics, obstacle on the basis of a precision approach runway Category I. limitation surfaces and visual aids that should be provided at stolpmts, as well as certain facilities and technical 1.1.5 The guidance
37、in this manual is not intended to services normally provided at an aerodrome. limit or regulate the operation of aircraft. L1.2 A stolport is a viable alternative in cases where runway lexgth, location, and departure and approach path obstacles would prohibit the estabfishment of a cowentiond airpor
38、t. As with a conventional airport, the physical characteristics of a stolport win depend upon tbe size and performance capabiEties of the stolport design aeroplane. The type of operation envisaged at the stolport wia depend upua community needs, available resources, and location. Depending on the op
39、erational requirements of the stdport, it can be designed for use in all meteoro- bgid conditions, or only in visual meteorological conditions; by day an the community would be reassured about the safety and compatibility of STOL operations; the effects of air turbulence caused by nearby structures
40、could be tested; and route structures and ATS separation standards could be established. 1.3.8 At the same time, the site would be examined with respect to the provision of convenient ground transportation, without which some advantage is lost. Another important consideration governing site selectio
41、n is the nature and composition of the soil and subsoil upon which prepared surfaces will be supported and, in particular, the adequacy of drainage. Detailed guidance on airport site evaluation and selection is given in the Airport Planning Manual, Part 1. 1.3.9 Lastly, having established a stolport
42、 location, planners will turn to the design using the descriptions provided in this manual to define the physical characteristics, obstacle limitation surfaces and visual aids. This guidance is contained in the following chapters. Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS u
43、nder license with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-Chapter 2 Stolport Data 2.1 GENERAL 2.1.1 Annex 14, Volume I, Chapter 2 sets forth details of aerodrome data to be determined about aerodromes and reported to the appropriate aeronautical informati
44、on service. Where applicable, these requirements should be met for a stolport. 2.1.2 Where a stoIport is established as part of a conventional airport, the stolport data should be determined and reported as part of the conventional airports aerodrome data. 2.1.3 Where the use of a stolport is restri
45、cted to a particular aeroplane type, the appropriate aeronautical information service should be informed. 2.1.4 Specifications on the manner in which stolport data should be reported are prescribed in Annexes 4 and 15. 3 Copyright International Civil Aviation Organization Provided by IHS under licen
46、se with ICAONot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-ICAO 9350 * 4B4343b 0030732 383 Chapter 3 Physical Characteristics 3.1 GENERAL 3.1.1 The planning of a stolport camprises the development of suitable physical characteristics to provide the necessary operati
47、ng elements for service by the stolport design aeroplane or similar aeroplanes. In addition, capacity or the forecast rate of utilization shoud be considered by the planner. The maximum rate of use is, dependent on such factors as demand, weather and air traffic control capabilities as much as on st
48、olport features. Although the characteristics cfescribed in this chaprer are meant only to provide safe and effective field lengths and. clearances, it is likely, in light of such external factors, that a stolport whose physical characteristics. conform to this chapter could handle any forecast freq
49、uency of service. 3.1.2 Where appropriate, the physical characteristics. described in this chapter have been adapted from the specifications set forth in Annex 14, Volume 1. 3.2 RUNWAYS 3.2.1. Number and orientation of runways 3.2.1.1 Based on the degree of usability required, the type of operation of the stolport needs ta be determined prior to making a decision
