1、 ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10) CYBER; Methods and protocols; Part 1: Method and pro forma for Threat, Vulnerability, Risk Analysis (TVRA) floppy3TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)2 Reference RTS/CYBER-0018 Keywords authentication, confidentiality, security ETSI 650
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7、f ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. ETSI 2017. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of
8、its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. oneM2M logo is protected for the benefit of its Members. GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 6g3Foreword . 6g3Modal verbs t
9、erminology 6g3Introduction 6g31 Scope 8g32 References 8g32.1 Normative references 8g32.2 Informative references . 8g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 10g33.1 Definitions . 10g33.2 Symbols . 11g33.3 Abbreviations 12g34 Introduction 13g34.1 Role of TVRA . 13g34.2 Generic TVRA relationships .
10、 16g34.3 Countermeasure strategies . 18g34.3.0 Overview of strategies . 18g34.3.1 Asset redesign 18g34.3.2 Asset hardening . 18g34.4 Relationship with Common Criteria evaluation 18g35 TVRA method 19g35.1 Overview . 19g35.1.0 Introduction 19g35.1.1 Target of Evaluation description 21g35.1.1.0 Introdu
11、ction 21g35.1.1.1 Security environment . 21g35.1.1.2 Security objectives . 22g35.1.1.3 Security requirements. 23g35.1.1.3.1 The relationship between security objectives and security requirements . 23g35.1.1.3.2 Security requirements statements . 23g35.1.1.3.3 Interaction with ISO/IEC 15408 . 24g35.1
12、.2 Threats and threat agents . 25g35.2 Actors and roles . 27g35.3 Rationale 27g36 Method process 27g36.1 Overview . 27g36.2 Step 1: Identification of Target Of Evaluation (TOE) . 28g36.3 Step 2: Identification of objectives 29g36.4 Step 3: Identification of functional security requirements . 29g36.5
13、 Step 4: Systematic inventory of the assets . 30g36.6 Step 5: Systematic identification of vulnerabilities and threat level 32g36.6.0 Overview . 32g36.6.1 Identification of weakness . 32g36.6.2 Identification of a vulnerability . 32g36.6.3 Identification of attack method 32g36.6.3.0 Introduction 32g
14、36.6.3.1 Assessment of the practicality 32g36.6.3.1.0 Core assessment 32g36.6.3.1.1 Knowledge factor . 33g36.6.3.1.2 Time factor . 33g36.6.3.1.3 Expertise factor . 34g36.6.3.1.4 Opportunity factor 34g36.6.3.1.5 Equipment factor 35g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)4 6.6.3.1.6 Intensity factor
15、35g36.7 Step 6: Calculation of the likelihood of the attack and its impact . 37g36.8 Step 7: Establishment of the risks . 38g36.8.0 Overview . 38g36.8.1 Impact of intensity . 38g36.8.2 Classification of risk 38g36.8.2.1 Overview 38g36.9 Step 8: Security countermeasure identification . 39g36.9.0 Intr
16、oduction 39g36.9.1 Countermeasures in the system 40g36.9.2 Composite countermeasures applied to the system 40g36.9.3 Impact of composite countermeasures applied to the system 40g36.10 Step 9: Countermeasure Cost-benefit analysis 41g36.10.0 Introduction 41g36.10.1 Standards design 41g36.10.2 Implemen
17、tation 41g36.10.3 Operation . 41g36.10.4 Regulatory impact 42g36.10.5 Market acceptance . 42g36.11 Step 10: Specification of detailed requirements 42g3Annex A (normative): TVRA pro forma 43g3Annex B (informative): The role of motivation . 44g3Annex C: Void 45g3Annex D (informative): Denial of servic
18、e attacks 46g3D.0 Introduction 46g3D.1 Void 46g3D.2 DDoS characteristics 46g3D.2.1 Introduction . 46g3D.2.2 L2 DDoS attacks . 47g3D.2.3 L3 DDoS attacks . 47g3D.2.4 L4 DDoS attacks . 47g3D.2.5 L7 DDoS attacks . 48g3D.2a Difficulties of defence 48g3D.3 Defence against DDoS . 48g3D.3.0 Overview . 48g3D
19、.3.1 Preventive Mechanisms . 49g3D.3.1.0 Introduction 49g3D.3.1.1 Firewalling . 49g3D.3.1.2 TCP anti-spoofing 49g3D.3.1.3 Traffic shaping . 49g3D.3.1.4 Border Session Manager 49g3D.3.1.5 GeoIP blocking 49g3D.3.2 Reactive Mechanisms 49g3D.3.2.0 Introduction 49g3D.3.2.1 Signature detection mechanisms
20、49g3D.3.2.2 Anomaly detection mechanisms 50g3D.3.3 Void . 50g3D.3.4 Information sharing schemes for prevention and reaction . 50g3Annex E (informative): TVRA database structure . 51g3E.1 Database structure 51g3E.2 SQL code for TVRA database 53g3E.2.0 Introduction . 53g3E.2.1 Lookup tables 53g3ETSI E
21、TSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)5 E.2.1a Lookup table initialization . 55g3E.2.2 Core tables . 57g3E.2.3 Linking tables 58g3E.2.4 Void . 59g3Annex F: Void 60g3Annex G (informative): TVRA Risk Calculation Template and Tool . 61g3Annex H (informative): TVRA Countermeasure Cost-Benefit Analysis Templa
22、te and Tool . 62g3Annex I (informative): Bibliography 64g3I.1 UML . 64g3I.2 Others . 64g3Annex J (informative): Change history 65g3History 66g3ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)6 Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may h
23、ave been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI stan
24、dards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not r
25、eferenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Trademarks The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETSI claims no ownership of thes
26、e except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those tra
27、demarks. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Cyber Security (CYBER). The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverable covering methods and protocols for security standardization, as identified below: Part 1: “Method and pro forma for Thr
28、eat, Vulnerability, Risk Analysis (TVRA)“; Part 2: “Protocol Framework Definition; Security Counter Measures“. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in
29、 clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction The present document is one of a set of documents that addresses standardization of security protocols
30、and mechanisms within the context of the eEurope 2005 programme and which, within ETSI, has been considered as a tool in the “Design for Assurance“ approach to achieving security in ICT systems. The suite of documents is composed as follows: ETSI EG 202 387 i.1: “Telecommunications and Internet conv
31、erged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Security Design Guide; Method for application of Common Criteria to ETSI deliverables“. ETSI ES 202 383 i.23: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Security Design Guide; Meth
32、od and proforma for defining Security Targets“. ETSI ES 202 382 i.24: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Security Design Guide; Method and proforma for defining Protection Profiles“. ETSI TS 102 165-1: “CYBER; Methods and protocols; Me
33、thod and pro forma for Threat, Vulnerability, Risk Analysis (TVRA)“ (the present document). ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)7 ETSI TS 102 165-2 i.25: “CYBER; Methods and protocols; Protocol Framework Definition; Security Counter Measures“. ETSI TS 102 556 i.5: “Telecommunication and Internet
34、converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Protection Profile“. ETSI EG 202 549 i.6: “Telecommunication and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Design Guide; Application of security countermeasures to service capabilities“. These docume
35、nts are developed based on the objectives of the eEurope programme and are also developed to ensure they comply with the overall objectives of the European regulatory framework as defined in the following documents: Directive 2002/19/EC i.16 of the European Parliament and of the council of 7 March 2
36、002 on access to, and interconnection of, electronic communications networks and associated facilities (Access Directive). Directive 2002/20/EC i.17 of the European Parliament and of the council of 7 March 2002 on the authorization of electronic communications networks and services (Authorization Di
37、rective). Directive 2002/21/EC i.18 of the European Parliament and of the council of 7 March 2002 on a common regulatory framework for electronic communications networks and services (Framework Directive). Directive 2002/22/EC i.19 of the European Parliament and of the council of 7 March 2002 on uni
38、versal service and users rights relating to electronic communications networks and services (Universal Service Directive). Directive 2002/58/EC i.20 of the European Parliament and of the council of 12 July 2002 concerning the processing of personal data and the protection of privacy in the electroni
39、c communications sector (Directive on privacy and electronic communications). The eEurope 2005 action plan has been drawn up to focus on “the widespread availability and use of broadband networks throughout the Union and the security of networks and information, eGovernment, eHealth and eBusiness“ r
40、equiring a supporting infrastructure, which is truly pan-European. To quote COM(2002)263 i.8: “By 2005 Europe should have a secure information infrastructure“. ETSI ETSI TS 102 165-1 V5.2.3 (2017-10)8 1 Scope The present document defines a method primarily for use by ETSI standards developers in und
41、ertaking an analysis of the threats, risks and vulnerabilities of an Information and Communications Technology (ICT) system. NOTE: The method described has been tailored to apply to pre-production but can be applied to production devices with due attention given to possibility that the application o
42、f countermeasures may be unachievable for a re-design strategy. The method described in the present document builds from the Common Criteria for security assurance and evaluation defined in ISO/IEC 15408 i.27, i.28, i.29 and specifically targets the means to build a Threat Vulnerability and Risk Ana
43、lysis (TVRA) to allow its reference by an ETSI specification developed using the guidelines given in ETSI EG 202 387 i.1 and ETSI ES 202 382 i.24. The TVRA forms part of the documentation set for the Target Of Evaluation as specified in ETSI ES 202 382 i.24 with its intended audience being a develop
44、er of standards based Protection Profiles. The use of the method described in the present document for application outside the “Design for Assurance“ paradigm described in ETSI EG 202 387 i.1 is supported but some of the examples and stages of evaluation may not be appropriate. 2 References 2.1 Norm
45、ative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments)
46、applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at https:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference/. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The follo
47、wing referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version
48、applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not
49、necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI EG 202 387: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Security Design Guide; Method for application of Common Criteria to ETSI deliverables“. i.2 ETSI TR 187 011: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); NGN Security; Application of ISO-15408-2 requirements to ETS
