1、 ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); DECT evolution technical study; Requirements and technical analysis for the further evolution of DECT and DECT ULE TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 2 Reference DTR/DECT-00308 Keywords DECT, I
2、oT, radio ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloade
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7、ten authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. ETSI 2017. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registere
8、d for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. oneM2M logo is protected for the benefit of its Members GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 7g3Forewor
9、d . 7g3Modal verbs terminology 7g3Executive summary 7g31 Scope 8g32 References 8g32.1 Normative references . 8g32.2 Informative references 8g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 10g33.1 Definitions 10g33.2 Symbols and abbreviations . 11g34 Overview 13g34.1 Scope of the present document . 13g3
10、4.2 List of technical studies covered by the present document 14g35 Low Latency Machine-to-Machine communications . 14g35.1 Low Latency ULE 14g35.2 Design objectives . 15g35.3 Physical layer, spectrum and implementation considerations 15g35.4 Basic principles of the solution 15g35.4.1 Modulation 15g
11、35.4.2 No scan sequence limitations in RFP 15g35.4.3 Absolute fast setup capability in PPs 16g35.4.4 Slot type 16g35.4.5 No limitations on slot direction in the frame 16g35.4.6 Basic decision: connection-oriented vs. connection-less bearers 16g35.4.7 Basic decision: mixed MAC C/L / C/O approach . 17
12、g35.4.7.1 Proposal of mixed C/L / C/O approach . 17g35.4.7.2 Q1/Q2 bit reporting . 17g35.4.8 U-plane model: MAC, DLC and NWK 17g35.4.9 C-plane NWK layer and security 17g35.4.10 Possible MAC messages . 17g35.4.11 Channel selection 18g35.4.12 Example of sequence 1: short burst transmission PT = FT 18g
13、35.4.13 Further considerations for short burst transmissions 20g35.4.13.1 Error cases . 20g35.4.13.2 Effect of the dummy bearer . 21g35.4.13.3 Solutions to the dummy bearer issue . 22g35.4.14 Example of sequence 2: multi burst transmission PT = FT 23g36 Ultra Reliable Low Latency circuit mode C/O st
14、reaming applications 24g36.1 Overview 24g36.2 Investigation of the possibilities of current DECT technology 24g36.2.1 General 24g36.2.2 Latency in single-bearer DECT transmissions 25g36.2.3 Latency in multi-bearer (symmetric) DECT transmissions 25g36.2.4 Introducing flexibility in slot positions . 2
15、5g36.2.5 Latency in multi-bearer (asymmetric) DECT transmissions . 26g36.2.6 Sampling references for PCM-like and other codecs and impact on the delay. 26g36.2.7 Examples 28g36.2.8 Data rates and data rate considerations . 30g36.2.8.1 Using full slots 30g36.2.8.2 Reference values for audio applicati
16、ons 30g36.2.8.3 Using double slots . 30g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 4 6.3 Further improvements to DECT technology 31g36.3.1 General 31g36.3.2 Use of A-field space in double-simplex slots . 31g36.3.3 Use of A-field preamble and Z-field space in double-simplex slots . 31g36.3.4 Use of bits
17、from the inter-slot space . 32g36.3.5 Introduction of 256 QAM . 32g36.3.6 Sliding collision detection 33g36.3.7 Mixing full and double slots . 33g36.3.8 Optimized slot structures 34g37 Ultra Reliable Low Latency multicast multi-bearer streaming applications 34g37.1 Overview 34g37.2 Basic principles
18、34g37.3 Possible configurations . 35g37.3.1 General 35g37.3.2 Comments to the configurations table 36g37.3.3 Remarks on the dummy 36g37.3.4 The traffic bearers . 37g37.3.5 Notes on the synchronization approach 37g37.3.6 Notes on the inter-slot space . 37g37.3.7 Notes on sliding collision detection 3
19、8g37.4 Available bitrates 38g37.4.1 Available bitrates possible with the proposed configurations (1 + 1 redundancy not considered yet) . 38g37.5 Delay 38g37.5.1 Delay calculation 38g37.5.2 Codec cases and influence in delay. 39g37.5.2.1 General 39g37.5.2.2 Detailed explanation of the codec impact on
20、 the delay. 39g37.5.3 Introducing slot tolerance . 41g37.6 Redundancy 42g37.6.1 General 42g37.6.2 Frequency redundancy 42g37.6.3 Space redundancy (antenna diversity) and adaptive equalization . 42g37.6.4 Original proposal on “optimized“ use of frequency diversity in high performance systems 43g37.6.
21、5 Redundancy in the dummy or C/L bearer . 43g37.6.5.1 Redundancy in the dummy or C/L bearer . 43g37.6.5.2 Original idea 43g37.7 Case example 43g37.8 Quality control: a problem approximation . 44g37.8.1 General 44g37.8.2 Analysis of the problem 44g37.8.2.1 Basic overview 44g37.8.2.2 The handover prob
22、lem 44g37.8.2.3 The scan problem 45g37.8.3 Possible solution paths 45g37.8.3.1 General 45g37.8.3.2 Solutions based on slot tolerance 45g37.8.3.3 Solutions based on collecting feedback from the PP . 45g37.8.3.3.1 General 45g37.8.3.3.2 Proposed uplink transmission mechanism. 45g37.8.3.3.3 Impact on th
23、e downlink C-plane channel 46g37.8.3.3.4 Information to be transmitted uplink . 46g37.9 Authentication, subscription and security 46g37.10 Way forward / for further study 47g38 High Level Modulation 48g38.1 General . 48g38.2 Overview of current DECT standard 48g38.2.1 Features already defined in DEC
24、T standard . 48g38.2.2 Features missing in DECT standard (general and packet mode transmission) . 49g38.2.3 Features missing in DECT standard for constant-bit rate low latency applications 49g38.2.4 Analysis of some limitations in current standard 50g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 5 8.2.5 So
25、me identified possible solutions (list not exhaustive) . 50g38.2.5.1 General 50g38.2.5.2 Proposal of improvements for no encoded protected modes . 51g38.2.5.3 Proposal of improvements for encoded protected modes 52g38.2.5.3.1 Analysis . 52g38.2.5.3.2 Pros and cons of ARQ schemas . 55g38.2.5.4 Other
26、improvements 56g38.2.5.4.1 Increasing of the modulation to 256 QAM 56g39 Long term evolution of DECT . 56g39.1 DECT OFDM evolution . 56g39.1.1 Overview and technology positioning 56g39.1.1.1 Basic principles . 56g39.1.1.2 Target application and scenarios . 57g39.1.1.3 Comparison with other technolog
27、ies . 57g39.1.1.3.1 Comparison with Wi-Fi . 57g39.1.1.3.2 Differences with LTE and WiMAX 57g39.1.2 Basic specifications. 58g39.1.3 Proposals for the physical layer 58g39.2 The 37,5 kHz subcarrier spacing proposal . 59g39.2.1 Overview 59g39.2.2 Basic parameters for the frequency structure 59g39.2.3 C
28、hannelization and matching with current DECT 1,728 MHz channels 60g39.2.4 37,5 kHz proposal basic parameters . 60g39.2.5 Slot Time Structure . 61g39.2.5.1 Structure of single and multi-slot blocks . 61g39.2.5.2 Inter-slot guard space 61g39.2.6 Control plane multiplexing (signalling) 62g39.2.6.1 Gene
29、ral 62g39.2.6.2 Possible C-plane multiplexing based on A-field / B-field mux schema 62g39.2.6.3 Capacity of the B-field 62g39.2.7 Frequency and mask considerations for back-compatibility with DECT “classic“ . 63g39.2.8 Further improvements in the 37,5 kHz approach 64g39.2.8.0 General 64g39.2.8.1 Use
30、 of half-carrier channels 64g39.2.8.2 Use of half-slots 65g39.2.8.3 Figures if both improvements are implemented (half-carriers and half-slots) 65g39.2.8.3.1 A-field signalling capacity (half carrier options) . 65g39.2.8.3.2 B-field data rates (half-carriers and half-slot) 65g39.2.8.4 Use of SC-FDMA
31、 in the uplink 66g39.3 Other subcarrier spacings and comparative analysis 66g39.3.1 Overview of results on other subcarrier spacings . 66g39.3.2 The 54 kHz proposal . 67g39.3.2.1 54 kHz proposal basic parameters . 67g39.3.3 Comparative analysis 67g39.3.3.1 Identification of key points for the analys
32、is 67g39.3.3.2 Comparative analysis between 37,5 kHz and 54 kHz proposals . 68g39.3.3.2.1 Overview . 68g39.3.3.2.2 Analysis. 68g39.3.3.2.3 Summary of the analysis 72g39.3.3.2.4 Conclusion . 72g39.3.4 The 27 kHz proposal . 72g39.3.5 Other identified options 74g39.3.6 For further study . 75g310 Implem
33、entation of the IETF RFC 8105 (IPv6 over DECT ULE) 75g310.1 Introduction 75g310.2 Overview of IETF RFC 8105 . 75g310.2.1 Introduction. 75g310.2.2 IETF RFC 8105 protocol stack model 76g310.2.3 Data transmission setup 76g310.2.4 IETF RFC 8105 addressing model . 77g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06
34、) 6 10.2.5 Stateless Address Auto-configuration . 77g310.2.6 Header Compression . 78g310.2.7 Security Considerations 78g310.3 Impact and recommendations on DECT standardization . 78g310.3.1 Regarding addressing 78g310.3.2 Regarding energy handling and initial configuration matters . 78g311 Further t
35、opics for DECT evolution 79g311.1 Introduction 79g311.2 Redundant data transmission 79g311.3 FEC 80g311.4 Lower symbol rate 80g311.5 Coherent modulation and demodulation . 81g311.6 Connectionless services 81g311.7 Lower energy consumption 81g311.8 Other topics and ideas 81g3Annex A: Background and a
36、dditional information 83g3A.1 Carrier frequencies for OFDMA 37,5 kHz option . 83g3History 84g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 7 Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertain
37、ing to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretari
38、at. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on th
39、e ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Trademarks The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the
40、property of ETSI, and conveys no right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has b
41、een produced by ETSI Technical Committee Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules
42、(Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Executive summary The present document contains the outcome of a series of studies identified by ETSI TC DECT and required for the short and mid-term evolu
43、tion of DECT and ULE technologies. The present document is primary addressed to TC DECT and DECT industry communities and, as well, to other participants from new industry sectors that may be considering using DECT technology for new applications. ETSI ETSI TR 103 422 V1.1.1 (2017-06) 8 1 Scope The
44、present document describes the outcome of a series of studies identified by ETSI TC DECT and required for the short and mid-term evolution of DECT and ULE technologies. The outcome of the present document will be used for planning the further evolution of technology and the immediate technology road
45、map during the next years. The outcome of the present document will allow addressing new applications and markets for ULE and DECT technologies in the mid-term, and will contribute to the ETSI effort on Internet of Things (IoT). It is not the scope of the present document the description of DECT and
46、 ULE technologies. The core part of the DECT technology is described in the DECT common interface standard (ETSI EN 300 175) i.1 to i.8 plus a series of profiles, such as the GAP i.9, DPRS i.12, WRS i.10 or New Generation DECT i.14 to i.18. Further regulatory details of the Radio interface are given
47、 in ETSI EN 301 406 i.24, ETSI EN 301 908-10 i.37 and ETSI EN 300 176-1 i.11. A summary overview of DECT technology can be found in ETSI EN 300 175-1 i.1. The ULE technology is described in ETSI TS 102 939 series i.19 and i.20. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references are not appli
48、cable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the refere
49、nced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI EN 300 175-1: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Common Interface (CI); Part 1: Overview“. i.2 ETSI EN 300 175-2: “Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications (DECT); Commo
